to fillable property to allow mass assignment on

Add [title] to fillable property to allow mass assignment on [App\Models\Post]. in laravel

Answered on: Sunday 21 April, 2024 / Duration: 16 min read

Programming Language: PHP , Popularity : 4/10

Solution 1:

To add a title field to the fillable property in the Post model in Laravel, you need to modify the $fillable array in the Post model. This will allow you to mass assign the title field when creating or updating a Post instance.

Here is an example of how you can add the title field to the fillable property in the Post model:

In this example, we added the 'title' field to the $fillable array, along with the existing 'content' and 'user_id' fields. This will allow you to mass assign the title field when creating or updating a Post instance.

To demonstrate how this works, you can create a new Post instance and mass assign the title field like this:

In this example, we are creating a new Post instance and mass assigning the 'title', 'content', and 'user_id' fields using the fill() method. The title field is included in the fillable property, so it will be accepted for mass assignment.

When you save the Post instance, the title field will be saved to the database along with the other fields. You can verify this by retrieving the Post instance and accessing the title field:

This demonstrates how you can add a title field to the fillable property in the Post model in Laravel and use mass assignment to set the title field when creating or updating Post instances.

Solution 2:

Explanation:

In Laravel, models are used to represent database tables. By default, when you mass assign data to a model, only certain attributes are allowed to be set. This is a security measure to prevent unexpected or malicious data from being inserted into your database.

To allow mass assignment on a specific model, you need to explicitly specify which attributes can be mass assigned. This can be done using the protected $fillable property.

Code Example:

In this example, we have defined the fillable property on the Post model. This means that when mass assigning data to a Post model, only the title and body attributes will be set. Any other attributes that are not included in the fillable array will be ignored.

When you mass assign data to a Post model, only the title and body attributes will be set. Any other attributes that are not included in the fillable array will be ignored.

For example, the following code will only set the title and body attributes of the $post model:

However, the following code will not set the author_id attribute of the $post model because it is not included in the fillable array:

* Security: The fillable property helps to prevent unexpected or malicious data from being inserted into your database. * Control: You can explicitly specify which attributes can be mass assigned, giving you more control over the data that is saved to your database. * Error Handling: If you try to mass assign a value to an attribute that is not included in the fillable array, Laravel will throw an exception, making it easier to identify and fix errors.

Solution 3:

In Laravel, mass assignment is the process of assigning multiple attributes to a model at once. By default, Laravel protects your models from mass assignment to prevent security vulnerabilities. To enable mass assignment for certain properties, you need to add them to the $fillable array in your model.

To add a title property to the fillable properties to allow mass assignment on the App\Models\Post model, follow these steps:

1. Open the Post model located at app/Models/Post.php .

2. Add the title property to the $fillable array if it is not already present. The $fillable array should look like this:

Here's an example of how to update the Post model:

After making these changes, you can mass-assign the title property when creating or updating a Post model. Here's an example of creating a new Post with the title property using the create method:

This creates a new Post record with the specified title property. Note that the title property should be in the $postData array when creating or updating the Post model.

Similarly, you can update an existing Post model using the update method and mass-assign the title property. Here's an example:

This updates the existing Post record with the specified title property. Again, the title property should be in the $postData array when updating the Post model.

Remember, mass-assigning properties without explicitly defining them as fillable can lead to security vulnerabilities like mass-assignment attacks. Therefore, it's recommended to define only the necessary properties in the $fillable array and avoid including sensitive properties.

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Posted on Sep 7

Understanding Mass Assignment in Laravel: How fillable Protects Your Models

In Laravel, mass assignment allows you to quickly create or update records by passing an array of attributes. While convenient, it can also expose your application to security risks if not handled correctly. That’s where the fillable property comes in—it ensures that only specific fields can be mass-assigned, protecting sensitive data. This article explains how fillable works, its advantages, and why it doesn’t apply when using the save() method and how to avoid this fillable if don't need that.

What is Mass Assignment

Mass assignment refers to assigning multiple attributes to a model at once using an array. It usually happens in one of the following ways:

1. Using create():

In this example, both create() calls use mass assignment to set multiple attributes at once.

2. Using update():

Here, the update() method allows multiple fields to be updated at once through mass assignment.

Issues of Mass Assignment

Using mass assignment without proper controls can introduce serious security vulnerabilities. Consider the following example in your controller:

This is risky. Imagine request have this

Imagine they are adding an Admin and change everything. This can lead to unauthorized privilege escalation or unintended account modifications.

fillable Array and how it prevents this issues

To prevent mass assignment of sensitive fields like is_admin and status, you can specify which fields are allowed for mass assignment using the fillable array in the User model.

With the fillable array defined as shown above, only the attributes listed in the array can be mass-assigned. This means that even if a request contains fields like is_admin or status, they will be ignored when using mass assignment methods like create() or update().

Notes to consider.

insert() method not considering fillables.

insert() is a query builder method, not an Eloquent model method, so it bypasses Eloquent's features like mass assignment protection, events, and model accessors/mutators.

Ignore fillable array if needed.

If you need to bypass the fillable array for a specific operation, you can use the unguard() method provided by Laravel's Eloquent model. This method allows you to disable mass assignment protection temporarily.

How to Use unguard()

Disable Mass Assignment Protection:

• You can use Model::unguard() to disable mass assignment protection for the entire application or a specific block of code.

Enable Mass Assignment Protection Again:

• After performing the operations where mass assignment protection is not needed, you should call Model::reguard() to re-enable it.

Example Usage:

Temporarily Disable Mass Assignment Protection

Key Points:

Use with Caution : unguard() bypasses the fillable protection, so use it carefully. Ensure that you validate and sanitize the data properly before inserting it into the database.

Scope of unguard() : It affects all models in the application during its scope. If you only need to bypass fillable protection for specific models or operations, it's better to handle it at the model level or within a specific code block.

Re-enable Protection : Always call Model::reguard() after performing operations that require unguard() to ensure that mass assignment protection is re-enabled for the rest of your application.

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Get Started With Laravel 8

Next lesson playing in 5 seconds

4.6 using mass assignment.

We can use mass assignment to easily create and update records in the database. It is dangerous, however, so in this lesson I'll teach you how to use mass assignment safely.

1. Introduction 2 lessons, 07:30

1.1 introduction 01:53, 1.2 set up your environment 05:37, 2. basic routing 5 lessons, 40:40, 2.1 routing requests 07:07, 2.2 working with query data 09:37, 2.3 route url parameters 07:24, 2.4 routing to controllers 08:22, 2.5 creating a view 08:10, 3. the blade templating engine 7 lessons, 45:30, 3.1 introducing layouts 08:15, 3.2 working with static resources 05:03, 3.3 generating urls for routes 03:26, 3.4 organizing views 09:41, 3.5 using blade directives 07:37, 3.6 showing and linking data 07:31, 3.7 setting up the database 03:57, 4. working with data 6 lessons, 48:45, 4.1 creating migrations and models 10:08, 4.2 saving database records 08:57, 4.3 validating user input 07:38, 4.4 updating data 07:04, 4.5 using type hints and request classes 08:50, 4.6 using mass assignment 06:08, 5. conclusion 1 lesson, 01:03, 5.1 conclusion 01:03.

We can also use mass assignment to clean up and simplify our code. There are, however, some issues that we will need to discuss. But, first, what is mass assignment? Well, whenever we have created or updated a record in the database, we have done so by assigning the columns individually. We are being very explicit as to what we are setting and then we are saving that record, that is individual assignment. Mass assignment is doing all those things, all at once. So, the code to do so would look like this. In order to create a record, we would use our modal class. It has a method called Create, and then we would just pass in the data that we needed to create that record. And that's it, we no longer have to set name, brand, year made, or saved, or anything like that. This one line of code will do all that for us. And the same is true for update. So if we look at the update method, we still need to use our record object that we have in this guitar variable, but we would call an update method. We would, once again, pass in the data that we wanted to update, and that's it. Everything else is done for us. That is mass assignment. So, the first thing about mass assignment is that the data that we are passing to either the update method or the create method needs to have keys that are the same names as the columns in the database. Like, for example, we have name in the database, but our form has guitar-name. The database has year_made and the form has just year. So, in order to use mass assignment, we need to change the field names in our forms so that they match the column names. That's not that big of a deal, so, we can go ahead and do that. Now, as you're doing this, don't forget to change the values of the four attributes for the appropriate labels. That was for the year made. Well, it's now year made, and for the name. Let's do the same thing inside of the edit view. And we also need to change the guitar form request class because we used these form field names there. And we did so, really, in two places. If we look at the rules, we need to modify those field names so that we have name and then year made. But when it comes to prepare for validation, we need to do the same thing. Now, since we just have a name property, now we can use the property syntax and then we will change year made. We also need to change the keys here to match, but that's going to make everything work. So with these changes in place, we should be able to create and update these records. So let's go ahead and let's try that. Let's go to the Create form. And let's add a Strat, because we don't have one, yet. The brand is Fender, and the year made, let's just do 2021. And whenever we submit this, we are going to get an error. And it says, add a name to fillable property to allow mass assignment. So, here's the thing about mass assignment, it's very dangerous. You are taking the request data. And even though we are validating it, which is very good, but we are just kind of blindly passing that onto the update and the create methods. Saying, here database, take this information and create or update a record. And that's really not a big deal for the data that we are working with, but imagine that you are building a system that is working with some sensitive information like user accounts. And while you are validating that information, you aren't really checking everything. Maybe the users supplied some extra fields in the request that would then be populated in the database, if there was a matching column name. There's a lot of things that can go wrong with mass mssignment. So it is something that we have to opt into. And if we look at this message, again, it says add name to fillable property. So what this means is, we go to our guitar model and we are going to add a property, it's a protected property called fillable. And this is, simply, an array that contains the columns that are okay to mass assign. In our case, that's just about every one of them. So that means name, brand, and year made. But if we left any one of these off, then eloquent will not allow that column to be assigned to value using mass assignment. We would have to do so explicitly, like we did before, by assigning a value to that column. But, as I said, the data that we are working with is okay to mass assign. There's nothing sensitive, nothing that's going to break or cause some kind of vulnerability within our application. So, now, we can go back. Let's refresh and we'll just hit Continue here, so that it will resubmit that form. And then everything should work. We should see our list of guitars, and here we can see the Strat that we added. And, of course, if we wanted to test the editing of that, all we have to do is go to the edit form for that guitar, let's add edited to the name and then we will submit. And, once again, we're going to see that that works. Because now that we sent that fillable property in our guitar model, this works for creating and updating. It's a one-time set thing. So there's nothing wrong with using Mass Assignment, just be very careful when you do so. If there are columns in your database that control how the application behaves or controls a user's access to certain parts of your application, don't make those columns fillable. It adds a little extra work on your part, but it makes your code much safer.

Fix : Add [_token] to fillable property to allow mass assignment Laravel

Mar 8, 2021

If you are working with Laravel and you encounter the following error while creating a new record in the database using Laravel Models

Add [_token] to fillable property to allow mass assignment on [App\Models\Post].

A mass assignment exception is usually caused because you didn't specify the fillable (or guarded the opposite) attributes in your model. Do this:

This way you also don't have to worry about _token because only the specified fields will be filled and saved in the db no matter what other stuff you pass to the model.

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Add [ ] to fillable property to allow mass assignment onの解決方法

laravelでレコード追加機能を実装しデータベース反映まで確認済みだったのですが、諸事情によりidのカラム名を変更後、再度レコード追加しようとした際に今回のエラーが発生しました。

このエラーはデータベースにデータを保存する時に発生するエラーで、原因はEloquentで Mass Assignment の設定をしていないからのようです。

Mass Assignment (マス アサインメント) とは

Webアプリケーションのアクティブなレコードパターンが悪用され、パスワード、許可された権限、または管理者のステータスなど、ユーザーが通常はアクセスを許可すべきでないデータ項目を変更するコンピュータの脆弱性。

Web上から入力されてきた値を制限することで不正なパラメータを防ぐ仕組みになっていて、laravelでは Mass Assignment の対策がされていることから今回のエラーが発生しました。

エラーで指摘されたモデルに、下記2つの方法でどちらかを設定することで解決できます。

ホワイトリスト方式:保存したいカラム名を設定

ブラックリスト方式:書き込みを禁止したいカラム名を設定

私の場合、今回はホワイトリスト方式でレコード追加時の入力項目であるカラムを全て設定したことで解決しました!

参考記事はこちら https://qiita.com/mutturiprin/items/fd542128355f08727e45 https://nextrevolution.jp/add-to-fillable-property-to-allow-mass-assignment-on/

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YercoZunigaLagos commented Mar 23, 2021

u save me <3

Sorry, something went wrong.

antoniojobs commented Mar 30, 2021

Você também me salvou S2.

WeinnySoares commented Jul 22, 2022

My solution was different, I added protected $guarded = ['id']; in the first line of the model

jesccy commented Apr 25, 2024

Same worked for me

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MassAssignmentException in Laravel

I am a Laravel newbie. I want to seed my database. When I run the seed command I get an exception

What am I doing wrong. The command I use is:

My seed class is as follows:

11 Answers 11

Read this section of Laravel doc : http://laravel.com/docs/eloquent#mass-assignment

Laravel provides by default a protection against mass assignment security issues. That's why you have to manually define which fields could be "mass assigned" :

Warning : be careful when you allow the mass assignment of critical fields like password or role . It could lead to a security issue because users could be able to update this fields values when you don't want to.

• 7 -1 While this works, the solution from Pascalculator is better in that it un-guards only when the mass-assignment is needed and not for the lifetime of the application. –  emragins Commented Oct 10, 2014 at 3:51
• 1 You are right, in the specific context of database seeding, it should be better to unguard only during the seeding. But, because this answer seems to become a reference topic about MassAssignmentException and because it think my answer is a good generic solution, I will keep it as is. –  Alexandre Butynski Commented Apr 7, 2015 at 10:27
• Alexandre, I'm finding it hard to follow your logic. If you agree, you might as well change your own answer, even more so because it is becoming a reference topic. The answer you have suggested will indeed work, but isn't in compliance with the Laravel convention. –  Pascalculator Commented Apr 12, 2015 at 11:41
• 4 I keep my answer as is because I think it's a good general pattern (I use it in my projects) and because I think it isn't more or less in compliance with the Laravel convention than your answer (see the doc). But, because plurality of opinions is great and because your solution can be as good as mine, I upvoted it and I encourage others to read it :) –  Alexandre Butynski Commented Apr 14, 2015 at 8:52
• 'password' => bcrypt('45678') –  Douglas.Sesar Commented Aug 21, 2015 at 17:16

I am using Laravel 4.2.

the error you are seeing

indeed is because the database is protected from filling en masse, which is what you are doing when you are executing a seeder. However, in my opinion, it's not necessary (and might be insecure) to declare which fields should be fillable in your model if you only need to execute a seeder.

In your seeding folder you have the DatabaseSeeder class:

This class acts as a facade, listing all the seeders that need to be executed. If you call the UsersTableSeeder seeder manually through artisan, like you did with the php artisan db:seed --class="UsersTableSeeder" command, you bypass this DatabaseSeeder class.

In this DatabaseSeeder class the command Eloquent::unguard(); allows temporary mass assignment on all tables, which is exactly what you need when you are seeding a database. This unguard method is only executed when you run the php aristan db:seed command, hence it being temporary as opposed to making the fields fillable in your model (as stated in the accepted and other answers).

All you need to do is add the $this->call('UsersTableSeeder'); to the run method in the DatabaseSeeder class and run php aristan db:seed in your CLI which by default will execute DatabaseSeeder.

Also note that you are using a plural classname Users, while Laraval uses the the singular form User. If you decide to change your class to the conventional singular form, you can simply uncomment the //$this->call('UserTableSeeder'); which has already been assigned but commented out by default in the DatabaseSeeder class.

• 4 For the paranoid, and the purists: you will also find appreciation in using \Eloquent::reguard(); , for after your Mass Assignments are complete. –  CenterOrbit Commented Jun 2, 2015 at 20:53

To make all fields fillable , just declare on your class:

This will enable you to call fill method without declare each field.

• I don't want to use specific field in array. what should I do? –  PramodA Commented Dec 13, 2021 at 13:40

Just add Eloquent::unguard(); in the top of the run method when you do a seed, no need to create an $fillable array in all the models you have to seed.

Normally this is already specified in the DatabaseSeeder class. However because you're calling the UsersTableSeeder directly:

php artisan db:seed --class="UsersTableSeeder"

Eloquent::unguard(); isn't being called and gives the error.

I used this and have no problem:

I was getting the MassAssignmentException when I have extends my model like this.

I was trying to insert array like this

Issue has been resolve when I created Upload Model as

Reference https://github.com/aidkit/aidkit/issues/2#issuecomment-21055670

User proper model in your controller file.

if you have table and fields on database you can simply use this command :

This is not a good way when you want to seeding database. Use faker instead of hard coding, and before all this maybe it's better to truncate tables.

Consider this example :

Use the fillable to tell laravel which fields can be filled using an array. By default, Laravel does not allow database fields to be updated via an array

The opposite of fillable is guardable .

If you use the OOP method of inserting, you don't need to worry about mass-action/fillable properties:

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