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Chapter 13: the evolution of leadership theories: a literature review.

  • Thanh Tung Do  and 
  • Ngoc Khuong Mai

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Leadership theories have evolved over the decades, reflecting its complex and multifaceted nature. This narrative literature review aims to analyze significant leadership literature in popular leadership course books and published peer-reviewed English articles, from which future research directions can be extrapolated. Various development stages of leadership, which hold different research values, are examined and discussed. Since some emerging theories appear to be understudied (shared/distributive leadership, complexity theory of leadership, etc.), there are arguably much scope and opportunities for these to be developed in the future.

  • Leadership theories
  • Literature review

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Leadership: A Comprehensive Review of Literature, Research and Theoretical Framework

22 Pages Posted: 11 Feb 2020

Sait Revda Dinibutun

American university of the middle east (aum).

Date Written: January 17, 2020

This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the research and theoretical framework of leadership. The author illuminates the historical foundation of leadership theories and then clarifies modern leadership approaches. After a brief introduction on leadership and its definition, the paper mentions the trait theories, summarizes the still predominant behavioral approaches, gives insights about the contingency theories and finally touches the latest contemporary leadership theories. The overall aim of the paper is to give a brief understanding of how effective leadership can be achieved throughout the organization by exploring many different theories of leadership, and to present leadership as a basic way of achieving individual and organizational goals. The paper is hoped to be an important resource for the academics and researchers who would like to study on the leadership field.

Keywords: Behavioral Approach, Contemporary Theories, Contingency Theories, Leadership, Servant Leadership, Trait Theories, Transactional Leadership, Transformational Leadership

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Sait Revda Dinibutun (Contact Author)

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Leadership: A Comprehensive Review of Literature, Research and Theoretical Framework

Profile image of Sait Revda Dinibutun

2020, Leadership: A Comprehensive Review of Literature, Research and Theoretical Framework. In: Journal of Economics and Business, Vol.3, No.1, 44-64.

This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the research and theoretical framework of leadership. The author illuminates the historical foundation of leadership theories and then clarifies modern leadership approaches. After a brief introduction on leadership and its definition, the paper mentions the trait theories, summarizes the still predominant behavioral approaches, gives insights about the contingency theories and finally touches the latest contemporary leadership theories. The overall aim of the paper is to give a brief understanding of how effective leadership can be achieved throughout the organization by exploring many different theories of leadership, and to present leadership as a basic way of achieving individual and organizational goals. The paper is hoped to be an important resource for the academics and researchers who would like to study on the leadership field.

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The theoretical field of leadership is enormous-there is a need for an overview. This article maps out a selection of the more fundamental perspectives on leadership found in the management literature. It presents six perspectives: personal, functional, institutional, situational, relational and positional perspectives. By mapping out these perspectives and thus creating a theoretical cartography, the article sheds light on the complex contours of the leadership terrain. That is essential, not least because one of the most important leadership skills today is not merely to master a particular management theory or method but to be able to step in and out of various perspectives and competently juggle the many possible interpretations through which leadership is formed and transformed.

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Leadership and the numerous concepts on leadership styles have been subjects of both study and debate for years. Every leader approaches challenges differently, and his or her personality traits and life experiences greatly influence his or her leadership style and the organizations they lead. Furthermore, leadership is a notion resulting from the interaction between a leader and followers, and not a position or title within the organization. This essay examines some of the contemporary theories of leadership, the leadership qualities and traits necessary to be successful in today's competitive environment, the impact of leadership to the organization, and the importance of moral leadership in today's world.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE

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Diverse views have emerged on leadership definitions, theories, and classification in academic discourse. The debate and conscious efforts made to clarify leadership actively has generated socio-cultural and organizational research on its styles and behaviours. This study seeks to identify the theoretical views of various academic scholars on some of the main theories that emerged during the 20 th century include: the Thomas Carlyle's Great Man theory, Gordon Allport's Trait theory, Fred Fiedler's Contingency theory, Hersey and Blanchard Situational Theory, Max Weber's Transactional theory, MacGregor Burns' Transformational theory, Robert Houses' Path-goal theory, and Vroom and Yetton's Participative theory. Empirical discourse that revealed findings of academic scholars have enshrined the import of leadership in organizations. Various academic literature that already have been subject to validity and reliability tests were reviewed and used to arrive at the findings. The study postulated the Mystical-man theory after a rich discourse and recommended it as the ideal theory for all Christian leaders to adopt as it is assumed to provide above average performance at all times, irrespective of followership behaviour.

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The three topics of this volume—leadership, change, and organization development (OD)—can be viewed as three separate and distinct organizational topics or they can be understood as three distinct lenses viewing a common psycho-organizational process. We begin the volume with a comprehensive treatment of leadership primarily because we view leadership as the fulcrum or crucible for any significant change in human behavior at the individual, team, or organizational level. Leaders must apply their understanding of how to effect change at behavioral, procedural, and structural levels in enacting leadership efforts. In many cases, these efforts are quite purposeful, planned, and conscious. In others, leadership behavior may stem from less-conscious understandings and forces. The chapters in Part I: Leadership provide a comprehensive view of what we know and what we don’t know about leadership. Alimo-Metcalfe (Chapter 2) provides a comprehensive view of theories and measures of leadershi...

Transylvanian review of administrative sciences

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The paper endeavors to offer an overview of the major theories on leadership and the way in which it influences the management of contemporary organizations. Numerous scholars highlight that there are numerous overlaps between the concepts of management and leadership. This is the reason why the first section of the paper focuses on providing an extensive overview of the literature regarding the meaning of the two aforementioned concepts. The second section addresses more in depth the concept of leadership and managerial leadership and focuses on the ideal profile of the leader. The last section of the paper critically discusses various types of leadership and more specifically modern approaches to the concept and practices of leadership.

An organization constitute of a diverse group of individuals, working together towards a specified common goal. A robust organizational framework is based upon specified values, believes and positive culture accompanied by effective leaders and managers that are expected to understand their roles and responsibilities towards both the employees and the management of the organization. Culture is recognized as "the glue" that binds a group of people together (Martin and Meyerson, 1988). Therefore, organizational culture entails intelligent and great leaders who value and believe in nurturing employees and appreciate their active participation in the progression of the company (Balain & Sparrow 2009). With that said, management is also one of the crucial organisational activities that is necessary to ensure the coordination of individual efforts as well as the organization's resources and activities. Lastly, leadership in itself is a vital bond that connects effective management and splendid organizational culture. However, for a long time, there has been a disconnect and inconsistency on what entails leadership and management. We identify with scholars who questioned the overlying issues regarding the significant concepts of leadership and management (Schedlitzki & Edwards,2014). It is therefore paramount to understand how leadership and management play critical roles in shaping up contemporary organizations, fundamentally appreciating the applicability that arises with the various leadership styles and management theories while apprehending their link to organization culture.

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Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior

Volume 9, 2022, review article, the science of leadership: a theoretical model and research agenda.

  • Andrew M. Carton 1
  • View Affiliations Hide Affiliations Affiliations: Management Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 9:61-93 (Volume publication date January 2022) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-091227
  • First published as a Review in Advance on November 10, 2021
  • Copyright © 2022 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved

I review the empirical literature on leadership, focusing on papers published since 2010. To do so, I introduce a framework composed of two features: whether theories ( a ) involve the study of leaders or leading (i.e., the person versus the process) and ( b ) conceptualize leadership as a cause or a consequence (i.e., an independent versus dependent variable). This framework can enable future research to accumulate in a more programmatic fashion and help scholars determine where their own studies are located within the landscape of leadership research. I end the review by critically evaluating existing work, arguing that the most popular subcategory of leadership research—lumped conceptualizations of leading, in which scholars examine multiple leader behaviors within a single construct—has significant limitations and may need to be replaced by a greater focus on split conceptualizations of leading, wherein scholars isolate single leader behaviors.

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  1. Leadership Theories and Styles: A Literature Review

    1. Leadership Theories and Styles: A Litera ture Review. Zakeer Ahmed Khan_PhD Dr. Allah Na waz. Irfanullah Khan_PhD. Department of Public Administration, Go mal University, Dera Ismail Khan ...

  2. Leadership: A Comprehensive Review of Literature, Research and

    This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the research and theoretical framework of leadership. The author illuminates the historical foundation of leadership theories and then ...

  3. Leadership theories and styles—A systematic literature review and the

    This paper explores diverse conceptualizations of leadership, emphasizing its profound impact on individuals and organizations. Leadership's influence on followers' daily lives, necessitating adaptation to modern complexities. Various theories offer distinct perspectives: distributed leadership emphasizes shared expertise. While charismatic leadership focuses on vision alignment. Authentic ...

  4. PDF Leadership Theories and Styles: A Literature Review

    LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Leadership Theories A. Great-Man Theory The effort toward explorations for common traits of leadership is protracted over centuries as most cultures need heroes to define their successes and to justify their failures. In 1847, Thomas Carlyle stated in the best interests

  5. Leadership: Current Theories, Research, and Future Directions

    This review examines recent theoretical and empirical developments in the leadership literature, beginning with topics that are currently receiving attention in terms of research, theory, and practice. We begin by examining authentic leadership and its development, followed by work that takes a cognitive science approach. We then examine new-genre leadership theories, complexity leadership ...

  6. Leadership theories and styles—A systematic literature review and the

    Abstract. This paper explores diverse conceptualizations of leadership, emphasizing its profound impact on individuals and organizations. Leadership's influence on followers' daily lives ...

  7. Leadership theories and styles—A systematic literature review and the

    A critical analysis of those theories shall enlighten the literature review of leadership theories and redesign leadership style to create a new set of leadership theories since no universal leadership style is accepted in the world. Finally, the leadership style has shifted to another dimension in emotional intelligence due to COVID-19, the ...

  8. Leadership Theories and Styles: A Literature Review

    Numerous explanations, classifications, theories and definitions about leadership, exist in the contemporary literature. Substantial effort has gone in to classify and clarify different dimensions of active leadership thus, generating considerable organizational and social research of leadership styles and behaviors. Many researchers and practitioners have developed a consensus that the ...

  9. The Evolution of Leadership Theories: A Literature Review

    Abstract: Leadership theories have evolved over the decades, reflecting its complex and multifaceted nature. This narrative literature review aims to analyze significant leadership literature in popular leadership course books and published peer-reviewed English articles, from which future research directions can be extrapolated.

  10. PDF Literature Review on Leadership Theories

    Literature Review on Leadership TheoriesIOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JB. ) e-ISSN: 2278-487X. p-ISSN: 2319-7668. Volume 19, Issue 11. Ver.III (Novem. n Leadership Theories Sultan Aalateeg11(Business Administration Depar. ment/ Almajmaa University, Saudi Arabia. PhD Candidate of Economics and Management o.

  11. Literature Review on Leadership Theories

    Literature Review on Leadership Theories. Sultan Aalateeg. Published 2017. Business, Psychology. The leadership research in the last two decades evolved mainly under the following philosophies : trait school, focused on leaders' dispositions ; behavioral school, concerned with leaders' behaviors ; contingency school, focused on leadership ...

  12. Leadership: A Comprehensive Review of Literature, Research and ...

    This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the research and theoretical framework of leadership. The author illuminates the historical foundation of leadership theories and then clarifies modern leadership approaches. After a brief introduction on leadership and its definition, the paper mentions the trait theories, summarizes the ...

  13. Leadership: A Comprehensive Review of Literature, Research and

    Over the years there have been a number of theories addressing the understanding of leadership, including great man theory, trait theory of leadership, behavioral theories, contingency theories, and contemporary leadership theories as charismatic leadership, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and servant leadership theory. 3.1.

  14. Managerial Leadership: A Review of Theory and Research

    Abstract. This article reviews and evaluates major theories of leadership and summarizes findings from empirical research on leadership. Major topics and controversies include leadership versus management, leader traits and skills, leader behavior and activities, leader power and influence, situational determinants of leader behavior ...

  15. Leadership and Learning at Work: A Systematic Literature Review of

    The behavioral leadership theories. have mainly been studied in relation to learning at the organizational and individual levels; few studies have focused on group learning. The indirect effects of leadership on learning have been studied mainly in relation to learning at the individual level. ... This systematic literature review suggests that ...

  16. Leadership and Learning at Work: A Systematic Literature Review of

    authors found that the leadership theories included in their reviews were all significantly related to organiza-tional learning. They concluded that more research is needed that compares the potentially differing relations between the various leadership theories and learning. Forinstance,Xie(2019)suggestedthatservantleadership

  17. Leadership styles and sustainable performance: A systematic literature

    A literature review conducted by Santana and Lopez-Cabrales (2019) ... The most popular theory used to explain the "leadership style-SP" relationship is the upper echelon theory and the resource-based view theory which constitutes the answer to RQ4. This result provides evidence that there is a difference between studies which generally ...

  18. Leadership: Current Theories, Research, and Future Directions

    This review examines recent theoretical and empirical developments in the leadership literature, beginning with topics that are currently receiving attention in terms of research, theory, and ...

  19. The Science of Leadership: A Theoretical Model and Research Agenda

    I review the empirical literature on leadership, focusing on papers published since 2010. To do so, I introduce a framework composed of two features: whether theories (a) involve the study of leaders or leading (i.e., the person versus the process) and (b) conceptualize leadership as a cause or a consequence (i.e., an independent versus dependent variable). This framework can enable future ...

  20. Leadership Theories and Styles: A Literature Review

    Leadership Theories and Styles: A Literature Review Numerous explanations, classifications, theories and definitions about leadership, exist in the contemporary literature. Substantial effort has gone in to classify and clarify different dimensions of active leadership thus, generating considerable organizational and social research of ...

  21. Servant Leadership: A systematic literature review—toward a model of

    Servant Leadership: Theory & Practice 1(1): 16-45. Google Scholar. ... Parris DL, Peachey JW (2012a) A systematic literature review of servant leadership theory in organizational contexts. Journal of Business Ethics 113(3): 377-393. Crossref. Web of Science. Google Scholar.

  22. Leadership Styles: A Comprehensive Assessment and Way Forward

    We systematically review eight positive (authentic, charismatic, consideration and initiating structure, empowering, ethical, instrumental, servant, and transformational leadership) and two negative leadership styles (abusive supervision and destructive leadership) and identify valence-based conflation as a limitation common to all ten styles. This limitation rests on specifying behaviors as ...

  23. A Focussed Literature Review of Power And Influence Leadership Theories

    This Narrative Theoretical Literature Revi ew relates to the evolution and t ranslation of two contemporary leadership. theories and anchors these to a leadership theory framework that d ...