do you need a cover letter for your first job

Should You Always Include a Cover Letter?

By Biron Clark

Published: November 10, 2023

Cover Letters

Biron Clark

Writer & Career Coach

The little-known truth about cover letters is: You do NOT always need to include a cover letter when applying for jobs, and you may be wasting hours sending cover letters that employers won’t read.

So if you’re wondering whether you should always submit a cover letter with your job application and resume, then keep reading.

After working for years as a recruiter , I’m going to share the exact situations where you should provide a cover letter and the situations where it’s not needed.

Should You Always Submit a Cover Letter?

Many people on LinkedIn and other sites will tell you that you should include a cover letter every time because it “can’t hurt,” but that’s not true…

Here’s how it CAN hurt you…

Writing a great cover letter takes a LOT of time and mental energy. So if it’s not making a difference, or not even getting read, then it  is hurting you in terms of wasted time and energy (I’d argue that writing a cover letter is the toughest and most time-consuming part of the process for many job seekers).

Writing a resume is tough, sure. But once you get it, you’re done. You spend 5-15 minutes tailoring it for each specific job you apply for, but that’s it.

Cover letters take a lot of time EVERY time (at least when done right).

That’s why it’s important to look at how important a cover letter is, and which situations it’s necessary and truly beneficial in.

3 Situations Where You Need to Send a Cover Letter:

There are a couple of specific scenarios where cover letters are necessary, and you should send one. This article by Harvard Business Review says it best:

In those cases, according to Harvard Business Review, you can boost your chances of getting the interview by writing a short letter to point out similarities between your resume and the job requirements (e.g. why you’d do well in their job )… rather than leaving the analysis entirely up to the hiring manager.

But this is only worth doing if you meet one or more of the criteria above, or a few other situations I’ll explain below…

Two more cases where you may want to include a cover letter:

First, you should send a cover letter if an employer specifically says it’s required on their website or job application form (however, having an optional field to include it is not the same as asking for it or saying it’s required).

And second, you should send a letter if you have a large gap in employment or something unusual in your background that you feel the need to explain, and you don’t feel your resume explains it well enough on its own.

(Although I do like addressing gaps in employment directly on your resume employment history section when possible. For example, if you took a year off to raise a kid, you could say: “2018-2019: One-year break from work to raise first child.” So do try to explain this type of thing on your resume if you can!)

When You Don’t Need a Cover Letter:

If you don’t fall into any of the situations we looked at above, then a cover letter is not needed.

For example, if you’re just applying for jobs online via job boards , via LinkedIn, on company websites via their “careers” page, etc., then I’d skip it! Send your resume and let it speak for itself. (And if you don’t have a great resume yet, you can get help  here. )

In my opinion, the extra time and effort just isn’t worth it when you’re applying online with no prior relationship, no referral, and no special knowledge of the hiring manager or job requirements that you can use to make your case for why they should interview you.

This is one reason I love LinkedIn EasyApply as a part of an online job search – because a cover letter is not required or even expected.

Of course, the final judgment call is yours!

If you’re applying to your dream employer and you don’t mind spending an hour writing up a great cover letter, then go ahead! It can’t hurt in a one-off scenario like this.

But the main point I’m trying to make here is:

You should be selective about when to send a cover letter, rather than feeling obligated to send it by default.

Recap: How Important is a Cover Letter?

The answer to how important a cover letter is depends on the hiring process and situation. If you read the information above, you now know when a cover letter is necessary/recommended, and when you probably shouldn’t bother.

And you’ve seen that cover letters do matter in some cases, but that doesn’t mean that you always need to send a cover letter.

And as mentioned earlier, the main benefit of this approach is time savings…

When you look at how much time and effort goes into writing each of these letters, it can add up to hours or days of wasted time if you’re sending cover letters without analyzing whether it’s necessary for the situation.

Tips for Writing a Good Cover Letter:

Now that we’ve answered whether a cover letter is necessary, and when it’s important, here are some tips and resources to help you in situations where you decide a cover letter is needed:

First, I’d always recommend keeping it brief, easy to read (no huge paragraphs or blocks of text without spacing), and personal.

It should feel like you’re talking directly to them! That means start with “Dear Bethany”, (for example), not with, “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Dear Recruiter”.

(Recruiters almost never care about a cover letter anyway. It should be for the hiring manager).

Also, make sure you’re saying the word “you” at least as often as you say the word “I”. Talk about their needs and their company, not just about yourself .

The purpose of your cover letter is to point out similarities between your background and the employer’s job requirements. You want to demonstrate why you’re likely to succeed in their specific role, to sell them on interviewing you! And you cannot do this without researching their job and understanding/discussing their job. So this letter isn’t just about you , it’s about them just as much.

To help you further, we’ve published two articles here on Career Sidekick with great cover letter info:

• 3 steps to writing a cover letter that stands out
• How to write a cover letter with no experience

If you follow the steps above, you’ll save time in your job search and maximize the number of interviews you get for the effort you put into your job applications!

About the Author

Read more articles by Biron Clark

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Good stuff Biron! This is why Career Sidekick is my go-to career blog, I really admire how you take a contrarian approach to conventional job search/career wisdom!

Seems like almost every other career blog advises you to always submit a cover letter. Too bad these folks don’t consider the most important asset we all have: time!

Would being graduated out of college for 1.5 years and haven’t “launched” your career yet – getting a job in the field you got a degree in – count as something “unusual on your background” that you would need a cover letter for?

Thanks for the kind words. I don’t think you’d need a cover letter for this. Just make sure to “tailor” your resume to show the most relevant pieces of the work you have done, and to show your relevant educational background/degree. But if you’re not getting results with your resume, then it’s worth testing/trying a cover letter. My guess is that it’s not needed, and perfecting your resume will get more interviews.

Thanks for the advice Biron!

If I understand you correctly, is this an instance where you would recommend NOT using a chronological work history on a resume then?

And instead break up work experience history into a “relevant” and “other work experience” sections, since we’re trying to show specific relevant pieces of experience and educational background/degree?

I’d still keep it chronological. Just show the most relevant pieces of each past role, for the job you want now.

How about in my situation? I am looking for a job in marketing, but it has been five years and a few jobs since marketing has been the primary function of my job. My last few jobs have had a very little marketing focus and have been training, technical or sales in focus. Should I always write a cover letter to explain this when I am applying for marketing jobs?

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Do I Need a Cover Letter in 2024? Are Cover Letters Mandatory?

During the job-hunting process, you might find yourself asking “do I really need a cover letter?”

And honestly, that’s a very good question.

You might’ve heard a lot of recruiters say that cover letters aren’t nearly as important as the resume. Some recruiters even openly admit that they don’t read cover letters at all.

So, no wonder that you’re confused about whether or not you really need a cover letter.

In this article, we’re going to deep dive into the topic and teach you when you really need a cover letter (and when you don’t).

• Whether you need to include a cover letter in your application (and why)
• When to not include a cover letter with your resume 
• When to really put effort into your cover letter   

Do I Need a Cover Letter For My Resume

Short answer: yes , you should submit a cover letter alongside your resume.

Here’s why:

• Most job openings require you to submit a cover letter. Recruiters might not have the time to read ALL the cover letters they receive, but they will definitely read cover letters if they’re on the fence for a candidate. Besides, even if they never get to your cover letter, failing to submit one when it’s required will be a red flag.
• A cover letter shows that you’ve put in the extra effort. So, even if the recruiters don’t read them, they will know that you really want the job and that you are committed to taking all necessary steps to show you’re worth it.
• A cover letter can set you apart from other candidates. Imagine this scenario: a recruiter is looking at two candidates with the same exact professional background and resume. The difference? One submitted an A++ cover letter that showed exactly why they’re the perfect fit for the job, while the other just copied and pasted an internet template. Which one would you pick? Our point exactly!

The above being said, there do exist a few cases where a cover letter isn’t necessary and a few others where you shouldn't just submit a cover letter, but you should really put in the extra effort to make it memorable!

Ready to go through them?

When Not to Include a Cover Letter

The 3 cases where you don’t need to include a cover letter with your application are:

#1. The job opening doesn’t require one. 

Yeap, in some cases, the job description will specifically instruct you not to submit a cover letter when you’re applying for the position. Needless to say, submitting one regardless of the instructions will not make you a poster child for dedication; it will just show you can’t follow instructions. 

#2. You don’t have the time to customize your cover letters. 

If there’s one thing that’s worse than not submitting a cover letter, is submitting a bad cover letter. What do we mean by bad? An uncustomized cover letter, or a cover letter based on a one-fits-all kind of template that you plan on mass-sending to all the jobs you’re applying for.  

So, if you’re applying to many jobs and you just don’t have the time (or creativity) to write a separate cover letter tailored to each job, then just don’t write one instead of making that cover letter mistake. 

#3. There is no place to upload one on the application platform.

When you’re filling out an online job application, you might notice there is no place to upload a cover letter.

Consider that a clear sign that a cover letter is not required for that particular role.  

When Should You Put Extra Effort to Submit a Cover Letter

Now, as we said, the best practice is to submit a cover letter with your resume for any job, internship, or even internal position that you apply for (unless they explicitly ask you not to). 

That being said, there are a few cases in which you should REALLY submit a cover letter—and put in extra effort to make it significant: 

• You have important information to add. It might be a career gap, the need for a relocation, or a career change - anything, basically, that you can’t go into detail about in your resume. Your cover letter is your chance to explain it (especially if it adds significant value to your application).
• There’s a personal connection/referral. If someone has personally referred you to the company, make sure to acknowledge that in your cover letter. A personal referral means bonus points for your application, so don’t miss out on a chance to mention it.
• You have a link to the company. Did you complete an internship at the company? Or maybe you know the hiring manager or someone higher up the ranks outside of work. No matter the case, be upfront about any link you may have to the company in your cover letter. It will probably do your application good or at least show those reading it that you’re transparent.
• It’s your dream job. Without making it a love letter to the company, use your cover letter to express what this job means to you professionally and how it’ll help you thrive. Passion goes a long way!

6 Tips For a Perfect Cover Letter 

The bottom line? 

Overwhelmingly, a cover letter is an essential part of your job application and you should include one with your resume.

So, as you can imagine, your cover letter should be on par with your resume. Before you start writing your cover letter, here are a few tips to make the process easier for you:

• Keep it short. One page is more than enough when it comes to cover letters. Actually, the optimal length for a cover letter is between 250-400 words long.
• Follow submission instructions. In the job description, look out for specifics on the cover letter format (Word or PDF), fonts and margins, and content (such as which sections or information to include).
• Proofread your cover letter. Once you’re done writing, make sure your cover letter doesn’t have any grammar or spelling mistakes. Use spell check software such as Grammarly to be on the safe side.
• Avoid cliches. Saying you’re a “great team player” or “effective communicator” will get you nowhere. Instead, aim to show it by backing it up with your experience. Think, “I’m a great communicator” versus “I’m a great communicator, having closed 50+ sales per month at my last job.”
• Enhance your personal brand. Opt to use the same fonts, margins, colors, and style in both your resume and cover letter. In this way, you can highlight your personal brand and make more of an impression on the hiring manager.
• Use action verbs . To make your achievements stand out, use action verbs. So, instead of repeating “I was responsible for” or “I was in charge of,” you can use action verbs such as “managed” or “coordinated.”

Do you still have some unanswered questions? Here are the most frequently asked questions on whether cover letters are mandatory.

Do I need a cover letter for a part-time job?

You should follow the same practice with your part-time job application as you would with a full-time one. That means you should definitely submit a strong cover letter with your resume (unless otherwise indicated in the job description).

Do I need a cover letter for an internal position? 

When you apply for an internal position within the company, you should create a cover letter to highlight your experience and professional interest in the position. 

Do I need a cover letter for an internship?

Yes, you should include a cover letter with your resume when you’re applying for an internship. The cover letter should focus on your skills and strengths, your education, and your dedication to the internship program. 

Not sure how to write a cover letter for an internship from scratch? This article will tell you all you need to know!

Do I need a cover letter for an entry-level job?

Yes, an entry-level cover letter is a must.

You might not have many professional or relevant experiences to list on your resume (e.g. you’re a recent college graduate or you’re changing career paths), so the cover letter is where you can convey your enthusiasm and commitment. Plus, you can also (in words) explain how your skills from your university or past career translate into the job you’re applying for. 

Do employers read the cover letter or resume first?

Generally, employers will first read your resume to see if you have the relevant experience or skills for the position. From there, they decide whether your cover letter is worth reading or not.  If you send your cover letter in the body of the email where you have attached your resume, though, the recruiter will probably skim through it before opening your resume.

Keep in mind that in such a case your cover letter should be perfect, especially in terms of spelling and business etiquette. If the recruiter spots a “u r” instead of “you are,” or a smiley face, they might not even get to your resume.    

Want your cover letter to match your resume? We are confident that the hiring manager will appreciate the effort. Do it effortlessly by using Novorésumé's matching cover letter and resume templates !  

Key Takeaways

Well, that was all on whether cover letters are mandatory in 2023. We hope that we answered all your questions on the topic. 

Here’s a quick review of the main things we covered:

• In 98% of cases, you should include a cover letter in your job application. Although recruiters might not always read it, they expect candidates to submit one. A cover letter will considerably boost your chances and set you apart from other candidates with similar backgrounds and resumes.
• Don’t include a cover letter if the job opening specifies it’s not necessary, if you don’t have time to customize it to the position, or if there is no place to upload one in the application platform.
• Put extra effort in your cover letter if you have extra information to add to your resume if you have been personally referred for the job, if you have a link to the company, or if you’re applying to your dream job.

Related Readings: 

• How to Start a Cover Letter
• How to End a Cover Letter
• How to Address a Cover Letter

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Finally, an Answer To: Are Cover Letters Still Necessary?

The cover letter is a contender for job seekers’ most hated part of the job search. Personally, when browsing job boards, I’ve always gravitated toward the postings that said “cover letter optional” or didn’t mention one at all— and I’m a writer. When you’re deep in a job hunt—particularly one where you feel like you’re throwing applications into a black hole—cover letters might feel pointless. It’s not like we’re mailing out our resumes anymore—so what is the letter covering? Does anyone read cover letters anymore? Are cover letters even necessary at all, or are they outdated?

I set out to find the answer by speaking to experts, combing through studies, and putting out a call to hiring managers and recruiters to find out how they handle cover letters when they’re making hires.

Does Anyone Still Read Cover Letters?

In a 2020 survey of 236 hiring managers and recruiters, ResumeGo found that 87% of respondents read cover letters. Only 13% did not. I got similar answers in my own research. The overwhelming majority of recruiters and hiring managers I heard from—folks who work across career functions and industries—told me they do still read cover letters in some capacity.

The most common answers I got were that hiring professionals read cover letters:

• For all qualified applicants
• For any candidates they’re considering moving to the next step of the hiring process
• For any candidates who are on the border of being moved forward
• For any candidates whose resumes raised questions for them

So if you’re submitting applications to any opening you come across and apply for a manager-level position as an entry-level candidate, or upload a teaching-focused resume for an accounting job, don’t be surprised if your cover letter gets skipped. For the most part, if your resume doesn’t even come close, no one is going to bother reading your cover letter, says Muse career coach Eliot Kaplan , who spent 18 years as VP of Talent Acquisition at Hearst Magazines before founding Eliot Kaplan Coaching .

This does mark a shift in how hiring professionals use cover letters, however. Traditionally, the cover letter was the cover page for your resume (hence the name), so its purpose was to convince the reader to look at your resume. Now, your resume usually (though not always) gets looked at first, and your cover letter is there to further persuade the reader to move you to the next round in the hiring process. So while cover letters are serving a different purpose now, they’re still being read and considered.

Unsurprisingly, everyone I heard from involved in hiring for jobs where writing, editing, and/or messaging is a key skill said they read and considered cover letters. For example, Glen Muñoz, who has been in marketing and operations for over 30 years, says that he reads all cover letters for candidates who meet the minimum requirements because the cover letter serves as a sample of their written communication skills, which are of course vital to whether or not you can do these jobs. Kaplan also said this was true in journalism.

Outside of these careers, cover letters are still widely read by the hiring professionals I heard from. Hiring managers, recruiters, and HR professionals across sales, finance, healthcare, accounting, customer service, and yes, even tech indicated that they read and considered at least some—if not all—candidates’ cover letters. “If I didn’t read [an applicant’s cover letter], there’s another reason that I’m not going to hire them,” says Karen Gordon, VP of Growth for Goodshuffle Pro , who hires for various roles including software developers. Those who said they read cover letters at all usually read them for all positions even if they’re hiring across different functions.

Employers also read cover letters across experience levels. “I have found the cover letter to be an important arsenal in a job seeker’s toolbox, even those seeking higher-up roles,” says Paul French, founder and managing director of Intrinsic Search , a recruiting firm specializing in executive positions for SaaS companies. At the other end of the spectrum, Kaplan says entry-level candidate’s cover letters are useful for hiring professionals to see how your education, part-time jobs, and other less traditional sources of experience connect to the job you’re applying for: “If you have less of a track record, you’re going to have a little more vamping,” and your cover letter is the place that it happens.

In my research, I noticed that the hiring professionals most likely to say that they skipped or skimmed cover letters to save time identified themselves as recruiters. Respondents also mentioned knowing other hiring professionals who did not read cover letters, most often recruiters. In its  2020 Recruiter Nation Report , based on a survey of 806 recruiters conducted by Zogby Analytics, Jobvite found that just 27% of recruiters consider cover letters when evaluating a job application.

And it makes sense. Often a recruiter’s primary job is to find and screen candidates for open positions, meaning they might be looking at hundreds of applications a day for a range of jobs. However, recruiters are usually not the only person seeing an application before a final hiring decision is made. They’re just the first step. So a recruiter not reading your cover letter doesn’t mean that someone else–like the hiring manager or a future member of your team—won’t. For example, tech recruiter and Muse career coach Steven Davis admits that he doesn’t read every cover letter as a recruiter, but as a coach, he still encourages his clients to “write a concise, enthusiastic cover letter” because he believes they’re valuable pieces of a job application that can help you land a later-round interview.

It’s important to note that while the 2020 Recruiter Nation report found that only 27% of recruiters considered cover letters in their decision, that’s up from 8% in 2017—a threefold increase in as many years. So the number of recruiters who read and consider cover letters is actually growing, not shrinking.

Do Cover Letters Help You Get a Job?

“For 80-90% of jobs I still believe in the cover letter,” Kaplan says. Cover letters help make the case for you as an applicant and can provide valuable information to recruiters and hiring managers, not only through their content but just through the fact that you took the time to write one at all.

In ResumeGo’s survey of recruiters and hiring managers, 65% of respondents said they are “materially influenced” by cover letters in their hiring decisions. ResumeGo also conducted a field experiment, submitting fake applications to over 7,000 job postings with either no cover letter (leaving the field blank or writing in “N/A” when needed), a generic cover letter, or a tailored cover letter that gave details on how the applicant matched the company culture and job description.

After 30 days, applications with tailored cover letters were 53% more likely to have gotten an interview callback than applications with no cover letter, and even generic cover letters were 17% better than no cover letter at all. Meaning, yes: Cover letters do still matter and they can help you get to the next round in the hiring process.

“One of the biggest takeaways was that tailored cover letters are far superior to generic cover letters when it comes to boosting a job applicant’s chances of being hired,” says Peter Yang, CEO of ResumeGo. Tailoring a cover letter doesn’t necessarily mean starting from scratch each time. You’re likely applying to a lot of similar jobs, so you might create a basic template for yourself, but add to it based on the job and company, Kaplan says. He estimates you can keep about two-thirds of your cover letter the same across most positions and customize the remaining third.

Read More: The Best Cover Letter Examples for Every Type of Job Seeker

When Do You Absolutely Need a Cover Letter?

There are some situations where you should definitely include a cover letter or you’ll greatly increase the risk of being rejected when you otherwise might’ve had a chance.

Many job applications require a cover letter and in those cases, if you want a real shot, you have to write one whether you want to or not, Kaplan says. You don’t want the first message you send a prospective employer to be that you can’t or won’t follow directions.

You might also have some other signal that a cover letter is crucial to a specific role. Before I applied to my current job at The Muse, I saw that my future manager had tweeted out the job listing. In the tweet, she said to include a cover letter; they’d be using it to gauge my writing skills and it was a chance to sell myself for the role. So of course I wrote one! In addition to social media, this signal could also come from conversations with current and former employees of the company, or the job description might stress the cover letter’s importance or ask you to include certain information in it, even if the online application doesn’t have a mandatory slot for it.

But job seekers don’t always get a giant flashing neon sign declaring that a cover letter is crucial for a particular position. In some cases, the cue that a cover letter is extra important will come from your side. If you have any special situations surrounding your candidacy or there’s anything on your resume or application that needs additional context to be understood, writing a cover letter is really in your best interest. If there’s something on (or not on) your resume that might be a red flag to people reading, your cover letter can keep your application out of the rejection pile.

According to the experts, some special situations that can be explained by a cover letter include:

• Career transitions : If this is going to be your first job in a new of type role or a different industry, or if you’ve followed a non-linear career path, a cover letter can explain why you want this job and how your past experiences have prepared you for it. It’s also an opportunity to highlight how your transferable skills will help you in your next job. For example, Kaplan once coached a “management consultant who wanted to become a fighter pilot.” She wrote a compelling story about her background, how she overcame obstacles in her past jobs, and how she would do that in the air.
• Employment gaps: Whether this will be your first job after your employment gap or you have one further back on your resume that you’re worried might raise eyebrows, including a cover letter gives you an opportunity to explain.
• Out-of-area applications: If you’re moving and hoping to secure a job before you get there, you can explain that in a cover letter so hiring managers understand why your application is coming from a different geographic location.
• Personal connections to a company or job referrals: If someone in your network referred you to a job or you have another connection to the company, this goes in your cover letter, not on your resume, Kaplan says.

Ultimately, it’s up to you whether or not to write a cover letter. In the ResumeGo survey, only 26% of respondents said they “punished” or “deducted points” from candidates who didn’t include a cover letter when the job posting didn’t require one, and in its 2018 Job Seeker Nation Study , Jobvite found that only 45% of respondents had submitted a cover letter for their current or most recent job. So you can definitely get a job without a cover letter. But ask yourself this: Why would you skip out on the chance to make your application even stronger?

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Do You Need a Cover Letter When It's Not Required?

When you do (and don't) need a cover letter to apply for a job

Why Write a Cover Letter?

Reasons to include a cover letter, reasons not to include a cover letter.

• Tips for Writing a Cover Letter

Do you really need a cover letter if a company doesn't ask for one? Writing a lot of cover letters during a job search is often both challenging and time-consuming. Because of this, it's not surprising that applicants often hesitate to include a cover letter when it is not explicitly required by an employer.

If you're wondering if you should include a cover letter, the short answer is yes. That said, there are a few exceptions.

You should  almost always submit a cover letter , even if the company doesn't ask for one. 

Here's what you need to know about the value of cover letters, along with the situations where you can skip a cover letter. 

If you're serious about landing the job, a well-written  cover letter  gives you a chance to sell yourself to the employer in a narrative format, and explain why you are an ideal candidate. Taking the time to  match your qualifications to the job  can help you get selected for an interview.

All of your efforts in the cover letter will help hiring managers do their job of screening applicants, and may get your resume a closer look.

A cover letter also affords you the opportunity to highlight your strongest qualifications.

An effective, well-written, and  customized cover letter  also makes it clear that you are highly interested in the job. That's because it shows the hiring manager that you want the job enough to go the extra distance.

To Share Extra Information

A cover letter gives you an opportunity to include details that your resume does not contain. For example, if you are applying from a distance, your cover letter will enable you to present a rationale for relocation and to mention that you will be in the area shortly for a possible interview. 

To Explain a Gap

Gaps in employment  with reasonable explanations can also be addressed in your letter. A cover letter is also an ideal place to provide specific examples that prove you have the skills and experience listed on your resume.

The Employer May Expect One

Additionally, some employers expect to receive cover letters even though they did not stipulate that a cover letter was required in their job advertisements.

Candidates who don't take the time to compose a letter are often viewed as less motivated for the job.

In many cases, employers won't even look at a job application that doesn't contain a cover letter or letter of interest.

For some jobs, you won't need a cover letter to apply. Some employers don't accept cover letters as part of the application process. For other positions, there may be no way to submit one. If a cover letter is optional, it's better to skip it if you don't have the time to compose a well-written one.

When the Employer Doesn't Want One

If the job application instructs that you should not include a cover letter, then it's definitely best to follow directions so as not to annoy your potential employer.

When You Don't Have Time

No letter is much better than a poorly written one. A well-composed cover letter serves as a sample of your writing ability, but the opposite is also true. If you don't have time to write a well-crafted cover letter that pitches your skills and positions you for the job, forego the effort.

When There's No Way to Submit One

Also, if the company asks you to submit your application through an online platform, and there is no place for you to submit a cover letter, don't worry about it. 

Tips for Writing a Cover Letter That Will Impress

When you do include a cover letter with your resume, it's important to make it a good one. Here are tips for writing a cover letter that will make the best impression and add value to your application.

Kelly Miller. / The Balance

• Make it targeted.  Be sure to compose a  targeted letter  that is written with the job listing in mind. Focus on the skills and abilities you possess that make you a strong fit for the specific job.
• Keep it short.  Make sure that your  letters are concise  (no more than one page topping out at five paragraphs) and that every statement you make conveys something significant about your qualifications for the candidacy.
• Go beyond your resume.  Avoid simply repeating your resume. Provide examples not listed in your resume, and expand upon things mentioned only briefly in your resume. Your cover letter should have a distinct purpose regarding your application.
• Edit, edit, edit.  Errors in your cover letter  can hurt your chances of getting an interview. Errors make you look sloppy, or worse, not educated. Be sure to thoroughly read your letter before submitting it. Consider asking a friend or colleague to read it as well to check for typos, grammatical errors, and confusing language.

Key Takeaways

• Writing a cover letter makes the hiring manager's job easier, by highlighting exactly why you're the right match for the role. That gives your application an edge. 
• Even if the company doesn't specifically request a cover letter, it's a good idea to write one if you're interested in the role at hand. 
• Skip a cover letter if the employer says not to write one, or if there isn't a place to include one in an online application form. 

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First Job cover letter example

Secondary purpose

Cover letter header, cover letter greeting, cover letter introduction, cover letter middle part (body), how to close a first job cover letter (conclusion and sign-off), how to get a job with no experience.

Landing your first job can be both an exciting and stressful experience. Whether you’re a high school or college student, or even a recent graduate, a first job can provide valuable life and professional experience. First jobs in restaurants , childcare or retail teach transferable skills and prepare you for a successful career, even if you eventually decide to pursue another field.

As exciting as landing your first job can be, searching for it can be challenging. Most employers hire based on previous work experience, which poses a problem for first-time job seekers. Luckily, there are plenty of ways to show you have the right qualities and attitude to make for a great entry-level hire who is motivated to learn and grow.

So how do you convince an employer to take a chance on you and open the door to a world of professional possibilities?

A great cover letter is one of the most important tools you can have on your side. This document highlights your unique personality, ambitions and accomplishments. In the case of first-time job seekers, a cover letter can be even more effective than a resume, especially if you lack work experience.

Luckily, with resume.io's collection of resources, tips, real-world examples and sample sentences, you’ll easily be able to write a perfect cover letter for any situation.

This guide, along with an effective first job cover letter example, will:

• Explain the unique purpose of a cover letter in landing you your first job
• Offer a step-by-step guide to the writing process with free examples, samples and templates
• Break down the most important qualities for first-time job seekers regardless of position
• Help you create a stand-out application to improve your chances of landing your dream job!

So how can you make an impact when you don't have the experience to prove your skills? You're in the right place to find out! The guide below will provide you will the tools and tips to write a great first job cover letter. (You can also check out our library of 125+ cover letter examples .)

The primary purpose of a first job cover letter

Before we dive into the secrets of writing an effective cover letter, it’s important to understand what exactly a cover letter is. This document is one of the most important application materials and for good reason. While a resume is focused on the names, dates and locations of previous employers, your cover letter is much more free-form – a chance for you to highlight what truly makes you a unique candidate.

For a first-time job-seeker, it’s important to keep your cover letter concise and concentrated on a few reasons why you’re the right choice for the position. Limit your cover letter length to one page, or 200 to 400 words, to make sure you’ll keep the hiring manager’s attention from beginning to end.

While great writing is half the cover letter battle, clean formatting also plays a big role in how an employer perceives your application. You’ll want to pay attention to the balance of white space and text and make sure you’re using an appropriate font style and size. For specific formatting tips, check out our comprehensive guide on cover letter writing .

What if the job application DOESN’T require a cover letter?

Occasionally you’ll run across job postings that don’t exactly mention whether a cover letter is required. Maybe they list it as “optional” or they might fail to address the question entirely. So what should you do?

While some job seekers might see this as a chance to save themselves time and effort on the cover letter writing process, they’re likely not doing themselves any favors by skipping out on submitting a cover letter. 

Unless the job description specifically asks you NOT to submit one, it’s always a good idea to write and submit a thoughtful cover letter as part of a complete application. After all, when applying to your first job you’ll need to use every resource at your disposal. 

All the time and effort you’ll spend writing your cover letter really boils down to one mission: maximize your chances of landing your first job.

While there’s nothing you can do to guarantee you’ll land the position, there are several steps you can take to increase your odds. An interesting introduction, error-free writing, polished formatting and a professional tone all contribute to an employer’s impression of you as an applicant.

While resumes are often hailed as the end-all-be-all of the job search, they often lack space for the personality and soft skills that make you a great employee, especially in entry-level positions. 

Your cover letter allows for much more flexibility – and even creativity – in terms of tone and styling. While you’ll always want to make sure your tone is professional, a dash of spark or excitement can go a long way in setting you apart from other candidates.

The reason why you need to tailor your cover letter

Since there are only a certain number of jobs available for entry-level candidates with minimal hard skills or work experience, these positions can often be competitive. Unfortunately, submitting just any cover letter likely won’t be enough to land a great first job.

To truly leave an impact, you’ll also need to tailor your cover letter. 

Tailoring your cover letter means adapting it to each individual position and employer you apply to. For each different job description, you’ll want to pick out the most important skills and experiences and find relevant examples from your own activities and personality. The small time investment to adjust each cover letter will pay off big time when the hiring manager notices your effort to address the employer’s needs.

Best format for a first job cover letter

While a cover letter might seem more flexible than a resume, that doesn’t mean there’s no structure to follow. In fact, this section will break down each part of an effective cover letter. And the great news is that this structure works well regardless of industry or position, so learning to write a great cover letter is skill that will benefit you for the rest of your career.

Here are the key components:

• The cover letter header
• The greeting / salutation
• The cover letter intro
• The middle paragraphs (body of the letter)
• The ending paragraph of your cover letter (conclusion and call-to-action)

You can get even more tips for writing each of these sections – and even some free example sentences – in this overall guide on cover letters . The cover letter sample below will help you understand the big picture and offer some ideas.

Dear Mr. Maskill,

Having just graduated from Miami University with a degree in Public Relations and Journalism, the traineeship at Deelman PR would be an ideal start to my career.

I have taken every opportunity to gain PR and writing experience during my studies, with experience over two summers with Mill & Trapp PR and three years working on the university website, with my final year as Managing Editor.

In my work experience placement at Mill & Trapp, I worked on consumer PR campaigns for a variety of well-known brands, collating press clippings, managing social media campaigns and coordinating media involvement. I managed photoshoots for a number of smaller clients and wrote over 35 press releases. My social media work resulted in a cumulative 58% uplift in engagement and 147% increase in following.

My copywriting skills were perfected during my time at the university website (and accompanying student magazine). I started out as a contributor, writing about social and political issues that mattered to our students, and by my final year I was the editor, in charge of a team of 28 writers and designers. I learned much about collaboration and working towards a deadline – something vital in the PR business.

I understand that you do a lot of work in South America and hope that my native Spanish may come in useful. I travel to Spain every year to visit European family and would relish the chance of a role that would require both Spanish and English writing skills. Basic translation skills are not enough for effective PR – you need someone who is capable of transcreation.

I am an excellent communicator and have a host of glowing references which speak of my ability to work in a team and manage complex projects.

I would welcome the opportunity of an interview to discuss my portfolio of previous work.

Sara Yardley

Your cover letter heading accomplishes two big jobs. First, it allows a recruiter to quickly identify the document as belonging to you. Since it contains your full name, phone number, social media like LinkedIn and other contact information, it makes it easy for a hiring manager to get in touch if they want to schedule a job interview. 

The second thing your header does is add attractive and eye-catching formatting. Recruiters can often read through hundreds of applications for any given position. Your formatting helps you make a strong and professional first impression.

The goal of this section: Label your document with your contact information, create an interesting and professional layout to keep your document visually attractive.

Align document styles!

As mentioned above, one of the major roles of your cover letter header is to create a great look for your document. You can take this goal a step further by aligning the document styles of your cover letter and resume. This simple action will help create a “personal brand” – a look and feel that defines your application and makes it stand out visually. There are a few ways to accomplish this, but one of the easiest is by using matching cover letter templates and resume templates. Check out Resume.io’s collection of clean, simple designs to create a quick and easy cover letter suitable for any position.

Your cover letter greeting doesn’t contain many words, but it should still pack a punch. In this section, you’ll want to address the hiring manager by name to increase your chances of making a personal connection and catching their attention. Before choosing a greeting, take a moment to reflect on the formality of the workplace and your relationship with the employer. For most formal situations, “Dear” followed by the proper salutation and the hiring manager’s last name will be appropriate. For more casual situations, you may opt for “Hi” or “Hello” followed by a first name.

When in doubt, use "Dear," just as our cover letter example does.

The goal of this section: Address the letter recipient by name to make a personal connection and demonstrate genuine interest in the position.

The importance of names and addressed greetings

Using a name in your cover letter greeting is a habit that will benefit you in any job and any industry. And don’t just take our word for it. Science has actually proven that humans have a positive neurological response to hearing (or reading) their own name. Using a hiring manager’s name in your cover letter shows that you’ve done your research and care about your application.

However, in large to medium-sized companies, hiring is often handled by a whole team of people who can remain somewhat anonymous. In this situation, there’s no need to go to extreme lengths. The next best step is to use the company name plus some sort of collective noun. “Team” or “Family” can often work well here. These options are more personal than the cold and slightly outdated “To Whom It May Concern,” which should be avoided if at all possible.

Your first paragraph is where you’ll finally have a chance to show off your unique qualities and grab the hiring manager’s attention. A relevant fact, interesting anecdote or surprising statistic can all serve as great ways to open your letter and keep a recruiter reading until the end. Just make sure to keep this section concise and professional in tone. If the company has multiple job openings or a large staff, it’s also a good idea to include the name of the position in your introduction.

The goal of this section: Grab the hiring manager’s attention with an exciting snippet that leads directly into the body section, establish a respectful tone

Now that you’ve arrived at the cover letter body, you’ll finally have a chance to highlight your relevant experience and most impressive skills. You can divide this section into a second and third paragraph to make it easier to organize.

In the second paragraph, the STAR method will help you list relevant anecdotes. First, describe a Situation and the required Task, then you’ll need to explain your Action and the positive Result that followed. Make sure to keep these anecdotes concise and focused on the experiences most relevant to the potential position.

In the third paragraph, you’ll be able to list potential contributions to the employer and your strongest skills.

The goal of this section: Use the STAR method to create relevant anecdotes, discuss potential contributions and skills.

You’ve almost made it to the end! You just need a great conclusion to seal the deal on a strong cover letter. You can wrap up your document using a Call to Action. This sentence conveys your interest and enthusiasm for the position and invites the hiring manager to contact you. You may also choose to leave your contact information here.

Then, finish your letter with the appropriate signature. “Sincerely,” “Best” or even “Thank you” can all work well.

The goal of this section: End your cover letter on a positive note with a strong call to action, choose the appropriate signature.

Entry-level cover letter examples and strategies

When applying to your first job, there are a few key traits you’ll want to convey regardless of industry or job title.

• Willingness to learn: No one expects you to be an expert when starting your first job. A humble attitude and teachable spirit will show an employer you’re ready to work for your skills and do even the most basic tasks with a positive attitude.
• Motivation: As a first-time employee, your motivation and determination to succeed will quickly help you stand out and earn respect. Use other semi-professional or volunteer activities to show how you set goals and meet them.
• Professionalism: Communication, professional decorum and even confidence are the traits that set one entry-level candidate apart from another. Even with no prior work experience, you can still show a hiring manager that you will make a great addition to the team just by using a professional, assertive tone without appearing arrogant.
• Work ethic: An entitled employee is never a good look, but it’s even worse when it’s your first job. Your cover letter should demonstrate an ability to put your head down and get the job done, even when the task isn’t the most glamorous.

When applying to your first job, you may feel like you’re playing catch-up. Your mind might start to wander as you imagine other candidates with fancy degrees and years of experience confidently writing their cover letters.

Stop! Don’t think like that!

The beauty of a winning cover letter is that you don’t need immense amounts of job experience to convince an employer that you’re the perfect fit.

A professional cover letter really boils down to your ability to answer one short question: What value can I add to this employer’s business?

For most entry-level positions in stores, childcare, restaurants and offices, the answer is deceptively simple. I may not have the educational background of other candidates but I have qualities like time management, work ethic and attention to detail that are hard to teach.

Most employers are willing to take a chance on a young candidate who shows interest and motivation. Your thin resume may have a hard time conveying that, which makes your cover letter doubly important. 

Bonus tips on how to write the best cover letter

• Proofread : Spelling and grammar mistakes can really hinder your chances of landing your dream job. Make sure to leave enough time to proofread your work. You can even ask a friend to help.
• Get specific: Numbers, facts and statistics help you put some weight behind your words. Use these details where needed to quantify your accomplishments.
• Focus on your opening paragraph: Hiring managers are busy, so give them what they need right from the start. An exciting and relevant opening paragraph is one of the most important things you can do to increase your chances of success. Check out our examples for free sample sentences.
• Google the company: The more information you have, the more easily you’ll be able to match the tone of the company and address their needs with relevant skills and experiences. Information about the company’s branding can also help you choose the most appropriate cover letter template.

Cover letter for first job: How to avoid common mistakes

• Unrelated activities: While it’s normal to have a sparse resume when applying for your first job, that doesn’t mean that you should fill your cover letter with all sorts of unrelated hobbies and activities. Stick to the most professional experiences you have, even if they were volunteer or shadowing opportunities, and fill in the rest of your letter with your relevant soft skills and personality traits.
• Poor formatting : First-time job seekers often overlook the importance of great presentation. To make yourself stand out as a polished candidate, don’t forget to use the right formatting techniques. Cover letter templates can make this process much simpler.
• A generic letter: Sometimes a lack of experience causes candidates to copy-paste their cover letter or simply plug their information into an existing example from the web. While examples and samples are great guides, you should put some time and effort into customizing your letter with the right skills and examples to explain why you’re the best candidate for the particular position.
• Poor tone: When you’re lacking experience, it can be difficult to find the sweet spot between modesty and over-confidence. The trick is to present yourself as a humble applicant with a willingness to learn while still recognizing the great skills and qualities you already possess.

Key takeaways

• For recent grads and first time job seekers, a good cover letter can be even more important than your resume in a hiring manager’s impression of you. Unless asked NOT to, it’s always a good idea to write and submit one.
• The step-by-step cover letter structure can make the writing process a lot easier. Make sure to pay special attention to creating a strong opening paragraph.
• For part-time jobs, focus on the skills that are most relevant to the work you’ll be doing. Make sure to use a tone that’s confident but not arrogant.
• Your cover letter should be specific to each individual employer – and don’t forget to proofread it to maintain your professional image.
• Formatting is equally as important as great writing. A cover letter builder and templates can help you quickly create a polished image.

With our cover letter builder , you can create a perfect cover letter in just a few minutes. No uncertainty, no hassle. Go out there and win!

For more specific idea, click on our cover letter examples for careers that offer entry-level opportunities:

• Customer service representative cover letter example
• Cashier cover letter example
• Retail cover letter example
• Receptionist cover letter example
• Server cover letter example

Free professionally designed templates

Do We Really Need To Write Cover Letters In 2023?

Composing a cover letter on the laptop

The earliest record of the cover letter for employment dates back to the 1950s according to The Atlantic, and has been used ever since as an addition to resumes, for candidates to prove to potential employers their desire and eligibility for posted roles. In recent years, however, especially since the post-pandemic unemployment upheaval, the choice of whether or not to include cover letters as part of the job application process has been a topic of contentious debate, and has left most candidates confused as to whether or not to include them, especially if the employer has not specifically requested them.

In a recent LinkedIn poll I conducted, more than 70% of respondents (a mix of recruiters, hiring managers, and candidates) voted that cover letters are no longer necessary as part of the shortlisting process. However, across the Internet, there were others who advocated its use, provided the right conditions were met.

The question remains, Should we write cover letters for jobs, even if they're not mandated in the application process?

When cover letters are needed

Emily Meekins , CEO and Founder of talent consultancy Workstrat, points out that she rarely reviews cover letters. "85% of the time, I can learn enough from your resume and LinkedIn profile. The application/interview process is time-consuming enough without a cover letter. I'd prefer candidates save their time and reapply it to other areas of their search." However, Meekins adds that she would look at a cover letter if she is on the fence and needs more information to help make an informed decision, or to check for quality of writing and communication skills.

I spoke with Yulia Saf , Founder and CEO of MissTourist.com, who has hired and led a team of up to 12 employees remotely, and asked her to share her experiences and insights on this topic. Saf revealed that cover letters have significantly impacted her decision to hire candidates on several occasions, noting that "candidates who include a persuasive cover letter often stand out during the shortlisting phase, as it provides insight into their passion and determination for the role."

Writing with laptop

Maurizio Petrone , founder of the remote-first digital media start-up MustReadQuotes.com, has been hiring talent for over 15 years, and highlights that from his experience, "cover letters have played an essential element in hiring decisions, even when we didn't specifically request them. Out of the hundreds of candidates we shortlisted over the past five years, about 70% included cover letters in their applications. These letters helped shed light on their motivations and gave a better insight into their soft skills - things often not immediately evident in resumes."

Cover letters are a fantastic way to explore beyond the confines of one's resume and tell a compelling narrative about your career journey, motivations and aspirations for the job, and even transferable skills, especially for those facing perceived barriers in the workplace. This makes it an excellent choice for those making a career pivot or transition.

As Thomas Codevilla , business attorney, Co-Founder and hiring manager at SK&S Law Group points out, "A well-written cover letter allows candidates to tell a compelling narrative about their experiences and how they can uniquely contribute to our organization. On the hiring side, I know that ATS often play a role in screening applications. What many candidates might not realize is that incorporating relevant keywords from the job posting into their cover letters can significantly improve their chances of getting past this initial screening stage.

"As a recruiter, I appreciate it when candidates address their cover letters to a specific individual or mention a mutual connection within the company. It not only shows that they've done their research but also increases the likelihood that their application will catch my attention.

"A cover letter gives candidates the opportunity to address any potential red flags in their resume, such as employment gaps or career changes. When a candidate proactively explains these issues, it shows their transparency and willingness to provide context, which can positively influence my perception of their application."

Best practice when crafting your cover letter

While cover letters are a great way to demonstrate your value to a potential employer, you should always ensure that it actually delivers real value and is not a mere repetition of your resume, HR generalist Mary Pizana of personal injury law firm Herrman and Herrman cautions.

Man applying for a job on the internet

Kirsty Barden , Head of Business Development at MDS, a talent acquisition company with 37 years in the business, highlights some best practices to remember when writing up a cover letter:

Customise each cover letter

"Tailor your cover letter for each specific application and company. Address the hiring manager or recruiter by name if possible and demonstrate your knowledge of the company and the role you're applying for."

Highlight relevant experiences and skills

"Emphasise the experiences and skills from your CV that directly relate to the job description and requirements. Use specific examples to demonstrate your capabilities."

Showcase your passion

"Express genuine enthusiasm for the company and the opportunity. Explain why you are interested in the role and how it aligns with your career goals."

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"A cover letter should be concise, typically one page. Avoid unnecessary details and maintain a clear focus on the key points you want to convey."

Be professional and error-free

"Pay close attention to grammar, spelling, and formatting. A well-written and error-free cover letter demonstrates attention to detail and professionalism."

Demonstrate cultural fit

"Highlight your alignment with the company's values and culture. Show that you are a team player and can thrive within the organization's environment."

End with a call to action

"Conclude the cover letter by expressing your interest in further discussing your qualifications and expressing gratitude for the opportunity to apply."

SKILL CONCEPT

Executive Cleaning Services Vice President Thomas Giarraputo recommends candidates use Venn diagrams when beginning to craft their cover letter. "Telling stories from your career is an excellent way to demonstrate your skills and give hiring managers a glimpse of your demeanor and work style.

"Always refer to the position's requirements in the job description when searching for appropriate anecdotes to share. It is also beneficial to conduct additional online investigation on the company to gain a sense of its culture. Before writing your cover letter, compare your talents to the position's requirements.

"Utilizing Venn diagrams can be useful for generating ideas and determining which competencies and experiences to highlight. After creating this diagram and identifying what belongs in both circles, overlapping topics will guide and inspire the content of your cover letter."

When cover letters should not be used

On the flip side, Sam Greinetz , Recruiting Partner at Signed Talent, points out that the recruitment industry has witnessed a significant shift over the past decade, with hundreds of candidates applying for one position where there were only 10-15 a few years ago, and certain industries which rely more on hard skills, such as the tech industry, do not have the capacity for hiring managers and recruiters to read every cover letter sent through.

Recruiter screening interview

Greinetz recommends trying a different approach to sending in your cover letter. "Rather than a cover letter, if someone is especially interested in a role, they are better off reaching out to the recruiter or hiring manager directly either via email or on Linkedin to reiterate their excitement. That message can be similar to what a cover letter would include and will allow them to stick out in a crowded applicant pool. Show that you've done some homework, personalize it, talk about the team, product, etc. and don't be afraid to follow-up after a few days if you haven't heard anything."

Anthony Allen , VP of Recruiting at Supply Chain Talent Advisors, states that while he agrees that most recruiters don't have the time to read cover letters, if one is to be written, "the candidate must personalize and tailor the cover letter. A generic, one-size-fits-all cover letter is easy to spot and often disregarded. To stand out, research the company and the role, and tailor your cover letter accordingly. Mention how your skills and experiences align with the job requirements and the company's goals. By doing this, you show the hiring manager that you understand their needs and can bring specific value to the position. This level of personalization is what can make a cover letter impactful, even in situations where its importance might be diminishing."

So what does all of this mean for job seekers?

In a nutshell:

• When applying for a job directly to an employer, use a cover letter that is well-personalized, tells impactful career stories, conveys your motivations for the role, and speaks to why you want to work for that particular employer. Demonstrate that you understand their pain-points, clients, and values, and that their mission and values align with yours.
• Think creatively of other ways to include a cover letter approach, such as sending an email or LinkedIn InMail to the hiring manager directly.
• Ensure your cover letter is not a repetition of your resume.
• Cover letters are best used when facing barriers such as career gaps, career transitions, lack of experience, or to increase competitive edge, especially for senior level roles.
• If applying for technical roles or applying directly through recruitment agencies, consider leaving the cover letter out altogether so as not to waste your time. Also take time to research if the industry you are entering or applying for roles in, typically reviews cover letters. After all, you don't want to waste your time or that of the recruiter/hiring manager.

How to Write a Cover Letter That Gets You a Job Interview

Learn to avoid the biggest mistake job seekers make and write a cover letter that truly makes an impact.

Customers Interviewed by:

Most job seekers don’t know how to write a proper cover letter. They believe a cover letter is just a “here is my resume” note. This is a wasted opportunity!

In this article, you’ll discover the secret to writing a professional cover letter that’s truly effective. It’s not hard to do and will give you a significant edge over the competition. We’ll walk you through the process in a few straightforward steps and provide examples to help you along the way.

Ready to get started? Let’s dive in and create a cover letter that opens doors to your next opportunity.

What is a cover letter and do you really need one?

A cover letter is a short document (around 300 words) that accompanies your resume. Your cover letter should not simply repeat what your resume says . Instead, it should complement your resume, highlight your personality, and potentially address any weaknesses that could otherwise prevent you from getting an interview.

But do you really need a cover letter in 2024? The short answer is YES.

“Over 80% of hiring managers read a cover letter and 60% of applications require one as part of the application,” says career coach Madelyn Mackie . “Even hiring managers and recruiters who say they never read cover letters may find themselves drawn in by a particularly compelling letter.”

In fact, Jobscan analyzed nearly 1 million job applications and found that including a cover letter with your resume makes you  1.9 times more likely  to be invited for an interview compared to those who left out a cover letter.

What’s the biggest cover letter mistake?

The biggest mistake job seekers make when writing their cover letter is to focus only on themselves .

“It’s not about you,” says career coach Susan Schwartz . “It’s about what you can do for them. Talking to them about what they care about—not about what you want—is what’s going to make them want to read your letter. And to hire you!”

According to Schwartz, this is the best way to write a cover letter:

Paragraph 1. A single sentence (maximum two) stating the PROBLEM that the company faces. What is the issue/need/opportunity that this role will address?

Paragraph 2. what solution do you offer how are you the answer to their need again, keep it to a sentence or two., paragraph 3. explanation: what experience do you have that supports your assertion that you can help this paragraph can be 3-4 sentences, but keep it short., paragraph 4. call to action: suggest next steps. not “thank you” but let’s plan to discuss this next week..

Since hiring managers often spend less than 20 seconds on an application, your cover letter needs to grab their attention and get them to look at your resume. By highlighting how your experience matches the job, you make it easier for them to see you as a great fit for the role.

Now let’s examine each of these steps in more detail.

How to write a strong cover letter step-by-step

Now that you know the basics of what to include in your cover letter, let’s go through the process from start to finish to see how you can write a cover letter that will make you stand out from the rest of the candidates.

1. Do your research

Before writing your cover letter, research the company to understand its current challenges and goals. Visit the company website, read their latest news and press releases, and follow their social media channels.

Don’t skip this step! It’s crucial for writing a cover letter that truly resonates with a potential employer and sets you apart from other candidates.

After you’ve researched the company, carefully read the job description. Ask yourself the following questions:

• What specific problems or challenges is this role designed to address?
• How do my skills and experiences align with the job requirements?
• Am I a good fit for the role?
• What unique value can I bring to the company in this role?
• Are there any keywords or phrases that I should incorporate into my cover letter?

After researching the company and the role, you’re ready to start writing your cover letter.

2. Write your opening paragraphs

Many job seekers make the mistake of being too wordy in their cover letters. You’re not writing a novel. Use short words in short sentences. Remember, a hiring manager is going to quickly scan your application, so you need to get right to the point.

Here are some examples of how to start a cover letter:

Dear [Hiring Manager’s Name],

I’ve noticed that NexGen is working hard to stand out in a crowded digital market, and keeping your brand top-of-mind for customers can be tough.

That’s where I come in—I specialize in creating engaging content and smart SEO strategies that boost online presence and drive customer engagement.

I understand that Weissman is seeking to maintain its innovative edge in the dancewear industry while consistently meeting sales and margin targets.

I am confident that my experience and passion for design can help Weissman continue to create stunning, market-leading dancewear.

I understand that Timmons Company needs motivated individuals to manage sales territories and boost product visibility in retail grocery stores around Quincy, IL.

I am excited to bring my self-motivation and sales-oriented mindset to your team, ensuring your products not only maintain their shelf presence but also thrive.

3. Prove you can do the job

Now you need to provide evidence that you’re the right person for the job. The best way to do this is to highlight your relevant experience and achievements. Here are some things you should focus on:

• Specific Accomplishments : Share examples of your successes, such as increasing sales, leading projects, or improving processes.
• Relevant Skills : Highlight the skills that match the job requirements, like planning, organizing, technical proficiencies, or specific industry experience.
• Problem-Solving : Discuss times when you successfully tackled challenges, such as resolving issues, managing conflicts, or implementing solutions.
• Industry Knowledge : Demonstrate your understanding of the field and awareness of current trends and standards.
• Team Collaboration : Mention how you’ve effectively worked in teams, mentored others, or collaborated across departments.

Remember to keep it concise. Your letter isn’t meant to tell your whole story; it’s about making a compelling case that you understand the key aspects of the job.

Your goal is to leave the reader eager to learn more about you. Here are some examples:

“Over the past five years, I’ve led digital marketing campaigns that ramped up organic traffic by 40% and bumped up conversion rates by 25%. I’ve worked with diverse teams to create compelling content that resonates with audiences and used data analytics to refine strategies for maximum impact. My experience with social media management and email marketing also ensures a holistic approach to your digital marketing needs.”

“With over ten years in apparel design, specializing in activewear and dancewear, I have a proven track record of developing designs that resonate with customers and drive sales. My expertise includes conducting global trend research, selecting inspiring materials, and leading teams to transform creative concepts into market-ready products. I am proficient in Adobe Creative Suite and have experience with CLO3D, ensuring that my designs are both innovative and technically sound. My leadership skills have been honed by mentoring junior designers and managing cross-functional teams, fostering a collaborative and efficient design process.”

“With several years of experience in CPG retail sales and merchandising, I have successfully managed sales territories, maintained product placements, and executed promotional strategies. My ability to plan and organize, combined with proficiency in Microsoft Office and familiarity with iPads, positions me well to contribute effectively to your sales team. I am adept at thinking on my feet and delivering results in dynamic environments, ensuring that products are always tagged, rotated, and optimally displayed.”

4. Conclude with a call to action

When wrapping up your cover letter, it’s crucial to include a strong call to action in your closing paragraph. This isn’t just about expressing gratitude—it’s about setting the stage for the next steps in the hiring process.

Instead of a simple “thank you,” aim to propose a specific plan, such as scheduling a meeting or a call to discuss how you can contribute to the company.

Here are some examples of how to end a cover letter :

“Let’s discuss how I can help NexGen Creative Agency achieve its sales goals next week. Please let me know your availability for a meeting.”

“How about we chat next week about how I can help Weissman shine even brighter? Let me know when you’re free.”

“Let’s plan to discuss how my self-motivation and sales-oriented mindset can boost product visibility for Timmons Company next week. Please let me know your availability for a meeting.”

There is no need to add anything more. Time is valuable, so hiring managers won’t spend it on a cover letter that isn’t concise and to the point.

Expert tips for writing a cover letter

We’ve gone over the basics of how to write a good cover letter. Here are some expert tips for formatting and how to make your cover letter even better.

Format your contact information correctly

Before diving into the content of your cover letter, it’s important to format the contact details and header correctly. You’ll need to include your name, full address, phone number, and email address.

Here’s an example:

Personalize your greeting

To whom should you address your cover letter to? “For maximum impact, see if you can find the hiring manager or recruiter for the role, and send your letter to them,” says career coach Susan Schwarz . “Addressing your letter to a specific person will significantly increase the likelihood of someone reading it.”

Check the company’s website or LinkedIn profile to find the name of the hiring manager. However, if you can’t find a specific name, “Dear Hiring Manager” will suffice.

To end a cover letter, you can use “best regards” or “kind regards” followed by your full name.

Show your personality

While it’s important to maintain a professional tone in your cover letter, don’t be afraid to let your personality shine through. But remember, you don’t want to overdo it—keep it concise and relevant .

Here are some ways to show your personality in your cover letter:

• Briefly mention a specific project or experience you enjoyed.
• Highlight a distinctive skill or trait that sets you apart.
• Talk about how your values align with the company’s mission or culture.
• Describe a unique volunteer experience.

Emphasize your adaptability

According to LinkedIn , the top “skill of the moment” is adaptability . This means being open to new ideas, ready to pivot when needed, and always looking for ways to improve. In a world where the only constant is change, being adaptable can set you apart.

Here’s an example of how to incorporate adaptability into your cover letter:

“In my previous role as a CPG retail sales merchandiser, I consistently demonstrated my ability to adjust to changing market conditions, customer preferences, and sales strategies. This adaptability allowed me to increase sales by 25% in a highly competitive market.”

Show enthusiasm

Research shows that 40% of employers would not hire a candidate if they lacked enthusiasm. Remember, you’re much more attractive to employers when you’re on fire .

Here’s an example of how to show enthusiasm for the company you’re applying to:

“I’ve long admired Weissman’s commitment to the dance community and the artistry of your costumes. Your dedication to empowering performances and celebrating creativity is inspiring, and I’m excited about the opportunity to join your passionate team.”

Balance professionalism with friendliness

Try to strike a balance between a professional and friendly tone. Don’t use overly formal language, but make sure your writing is polished and error-free. Use humor sparingly, as it can be easily misinterpreted.

This approach helps you come across as both competent and personable, making you an ideal candidate.

Cover letter do’s and don’ts

• Do personalize . Address your cover letter to a specific person whenever possible.
• Do be concise . Keep your cover letter to one page.
• Do show enthusiasm . Mention specific reasons why you want to work there.
• Do include measurable accomplishments . These are achievements that can be quantified , such as increasing sales by a percentage.
• Do show your personality . Share brief anecdotes or unique experiences relevant to the job.
• Do be professional yet friendly . Avoid overly formal language.
• Do proofread your cover letter. A single mistake can damage your chances of getting an interview.
• Do include a call to action. Suggest scheduling a meeting or a call.
• Don’t be too formal . Strike a balance between professionalism and friendliness.
• Don’t overuse humor . Humor can be easily misinterpreted or come off as unprofessional.
• Don’t repeat your resume . Your cover letter should complement your resume, not repeat it.
• Don’t include irrelevant information. Focus only on what’s most relevant to the job you’re applying for.
• Don’t use clichés . Phrases like “I am a hard worker” or “I think outside the box” are overused and add little value.
• Don’t make excuses . Avoid explaining gaps in employment or other potential negatives.
• Don’t forget to tailor each letter . Customizing each cover letter will help it pass through Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS).

Cover letter examples

Here are a few cover letter examples that show how to highlight your skills, show your personality, and match your experiences with the job.

Cover letter example for someone with no work experience

Starting your career can be challenging, especially when you don’t have much experience to showcase. But don’t worry—a well-written cover letter can highlight your strengths and potential.

• Addresses the company’s needs : The letter begins by acknowledging the challenges the company faces, demonstrating an understanding of the industry and the company’s needs.
• Offers a solution : The candidate clearly states how they can provide value by offering a fresh perspective and innovative ideas.
• Highlights relevant experience : Even with limited work experience, the letter mentions a successful internship project that aligns with the job’s requirements.
• Shows enthusiasm and passion : The mention of a passion for sustainability and eagerness to contribute to the company’s efforts showcases the candidate’s genuine interest.
• Proposes next steps : The call to action is clear and professional, suggesting a meeting to discuss how the candidate can contribute, which shows initiative and confidence.

Cover letter example for someone changing careers

Changing careers can be a bold and exciting move, especially when you have a strong foundation of transferable skills. The following example of a cover letter demonstrates how to effectively highlight your previous experience and enthusiasm for a new industry.

• Engaging opening : Starts with a bold question that captures attention and sets the tone for the rest of the letter.
• Clear value proposition : Quickly establishes how the candidate’s project management skills can benefit the finance industry.
• Relevant experience : Highlights a specific project that showcases the candidate’s ability to improve efficiency and manage complex tasks.
• Expresses enthusiasm : Shows genuine excitement about the career change and the specific company.
• Call to action : Concludes with a clear and confident call to action, suggesting a meeting to discuss how the candidate can contribute to the company’s success.

Cover letter example for someone re-entering the workforce

Re-entering the workforce after a significant break can be challenging, but it’s also an opportunity to showcase your resilience and the valuable skills you’ve developed during your time away.

The following cover letter example demonstrates how to effectively address employment gaps while highlighting your strengths and enthusiasm for the role.

• Strong opening statement : The cover letter begins with a compelling statement about the importance of adaptability and innovation, setting a positive and forward-thinking tone.
• Addresses employment gap : It acknowledges the employment gap upfront, providing context without dwelling on it, which demonstrates honesty and transparency.
• Highlights relevant experience : The letter emphasizes past accomplishments and specific projects, showcasing the candidate’s skills and ability to deliver results.
• Shows enthusiasm for the role : The candidate expresses excitement about re-entering the workforce and aligns their values with the company’s mission.
• Proposes next steps : It ends with a clear call to action, suggesting a meeting to discuss how the candidate can contribute to the company’s success.

Generate a perfectly crafted cover letter in seconds

If you’re still having trouble writing your cover letter, try Jobscan’s AI cover letter generator . It analyzes both your resume and the job ad to create a completely original cover letter customized for the job you’re applying for.

To learn more about how the cover letter generator works, watch this brief video:

You can try Jobscan’s cover letter generator for free below:

Key takeaways

Follow these key takeaways to write a compelling cover letter that sets you apart from other candidates and opens doors to new career opportunities.

• Write with the employer’s needs in mind. Explain how you can address their specific challenges and contribute to their goals.
• Keep it brief . Use short sentences and paragraphs to make it easy for hiring managers to scan quickly.
• Address your letter to a specific person . If you can’t find a name, “Dear Hiring Manager” will suffice.
• Showcase your relevant experience. Use specific examples to demonstrate your abilities.
• Inject your personality. Share brief anecdotes or unique experiences relevant to the job.
• End with a strong call to action . Suggest a meeting or a call to discuss how you can contribute to the company’s success.
• Proofread your letter. A single error can torpedo your chances at getting an interview.
• Show enthusiasm. Showing excitement and a willingness to learn can make you a more attractive candidate.

A cover letter should be one page long, consisting of three to four paragraphs. The total word count should be around 250-400 words.

When you don’t have a specific name, you can use “Dear Hiring Manager.” Avoid using “To Whom It May Concern,” as it is considered old-fashioned.

When emailing a cover letter, use a clear subject line like “Application for Content Developer – [Your Name].” Paste your cover letter into the email body. Attach your resume.

Yes, a cover letter is necessary because good first impressions are important. By highlighting your qualifications and showing enthusiasm for the role, you can gain an advantage over someone who doesn’t send one.

Employers look for personalization in a cover letter, showing that it’s tailored to the specific job and company. Highlight relevant experience and skills that match the job requirements. Include specific achievements that demonstrate your capabilities and contributions.

Yes. Providing specific examples of your achievements helps demonstrate your skills and qualifications, making your application more compelling to employers.

A cover letter starts with your contact information, first and last name, the date, and the employer’s details. Begin with an introduction about your suitability for the role. Include a brief section highlighting relevant experience and skills with examples. Conclude by asking for an interview.

The primary goals of a simple cover letter are to make a good impression, get someone to read your resume, and offer you a job interview. It also shows you have good communication skills, which are highly valuable in today’s workforce.

The opening sentence should state the problem the company faces or pose a thought-provoking question to grab the hiring manager’s attention.

Robert Henderson, CPRW, is a career advice writer and a resume expert at Jobscan.

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How to write a cover letter with no experience

The key to writing a successful cover letter when you have no work experience lies in highlighting the potential value you can bring to employers. Don’t let a lack of work experience discourage you! In this guide, we’ll help you highlight your transferable skills, your willingness to learn, and your passion for the position and company. 

Your cover letter is your platform to showcase your hidden talents and untapped potential. It’s essential to highlight the skills you've honed through education, volunteer work, or personal projects and to demonstrate their relevance to the role. Where possible, express your enthusiasm for learning and growing within the company. 

Employers are looking for more than just a lengthy cover letter. They're interested in individuals with potential, adaptability, and a strong work ethic—qualities that often transcend formal work experience. 

Convey your willingness to learn, embrace new challenges and contribute to the team's success. By showcasing your eagerness to develop, you help paint a picture of a motivated individual ready to join a new company or organisation. 

Bypass the ATS While crafting your cover letter, sprinkle in relevant keywords from the job description organically throughout your written text. This helps ATS algorithms determine your suitability for the role. It’s important to prioritise a natural flow and avoid sounding robotic–your cover letter should still showcase your unique voice and personality!

Essential sections of a cover letter

While the content of your cover letter will vary depending on the role you're applying for, there are fundamental sections that should always be present in your cover letter to help create a strong and impactful impression.

Since this might be your first attempt at crafting a cover letter with no experience, let's outline essential details and sections to include: 

• Header : Your name and contact information should be displayed at the top of your cover letter. This ensures you're easy to contact and allows the ATS to process your details effectively.  
• Introduction : While you may have no work experience, use this section to provide a glimpse into your attitude, aptitude, and career goals. Who are you? What motivates you? What can you contribute? Even without a long work history, you can pique the reader's interest and motivate them to dive deeper.  
• Education : In the body paragraphs of your cover letter, be sure to include any relevant details about your educational background, such as your achievements or outstanding academic results, such as NCEA qualifications or endorsements.  
• Extra-curricular experience : While you may not have formal work experience, you've likely gained relevant experience through volunteer work, personal projects, sports clubs, internships, or other extra-curricular experiences like kapa haka or debating. Choose examples that demonstrate your ability to take on responsibilities, meet deadlines, and achieve results.  
• Skills : Everyone develops skills throughout their life. Soft skills like communication, leadership and teamwork are excellent skills to include in your cover letter. Hard skills , including technical skills relevant to the job role and industry, can also be valuable assets to showcase, especially if they align with the specific requirements of the position you're applying for.

In a cover letter for a first job , showcase your eagerness to learn and adapt – crucial traits for any new hire. Don't be afraid to highlight your academic or leadership achievements and the valuable lessons you've gained along the way: employers want to know what sets you apart from the crowd! 

Cover letter examples with no experience

While employers understand that your CV might be light on workplace achievements, they still expect a well-structured cover letter. A cover letter that deviates too much from the norm can create confusion or raise red flags. Think of it this way – your cover letter is your first professional handshake, and you want to make a good impression. To help get you started, we’ve created a range of resources to guide you through the process. After all, crafting a compelling cover letter with no experience can be challenging! 

For more inspiration or help creating a cover letter for entry-level jobs, explore our first job cover letter guide , apprenticeship cover letter guide , internship cover letter guide , supermarket job cover letter guide , student cover letter guide , or simply check out the scholarship cover letter example below: 

2 September 2022  

Kia ora Mrs. Allen  

My name is Joshua Kepa, Dux of Palmerston North Boys' High School's Class of 2022, and I am writing to express my keen interest in the Pei Te Hurunui Jones Scholarship at the Auckland University of Technology (AUT). I aspire to channel my academic excellence and passion for promoting positive community health outcomes into a career in Physiotherapy, and I believe AUT provides the ideal environment for me to achieve this goal.

My journey towards physiotherapy began not in a classroom, but on the rugby field. As captain of the First XV, I witnessed firsthand the devastating impact of injuries on my teammates. Witnessing their resilience and determination throughout their rehabilitation ignited a spark within me; and a desire to understand the intricate workings of the human body and to help others regain their mobility and quality of life.

This experience fueled my academic pursuits, driving me to excel in biology, physics, and health science. Achieving Dux at Palmerston North Boys' High School was a testament to my commitment to academic excellence and my unwavering drive to succeed.

I believe that my achievements extend beyond the classroom. As a volunteer at Manaaki Health, I have had the privilege of observing physiotherapists in action, gaining invaluable insights into their daily practice and their profound impact on their patients' lives. This experience solidified my decision to pursue physiotherapy as a career. AUT's Bachelor of Health Science (Physiotherapy) program is renowned for its comprehensive curriculum, emphasis on clinical practice, and commitment to research and innovation. I believe that this program will equip me with the knowledge, skills, and experience necessary to become a highly competent and compassionate physiotherapist.

Furthermore, AUT's vibrant and diverse campus community provides a rich environment for personal and professional growth. I am excited about the opportunity to collaborate with students and faculty from diverse backgrounds, share ideas, and learn from each other's experiences.

I am confident that my academic achievements, passion for physiotherapy, and commitment to community service make me an ideal candidate for this scholarship. I am eager to embark on this exciting journey at AUT and to contribute to the field of physiotherapy in Aotearoa.

Thank you for considering my application. I have attached my NCEA transcripts and CV for your review. I am available for an interview at your earliest convenience and would welcome the opportunity to discuss my qualifications and aspirations in more detail.   

Ngā mihi nui,

Joshua Kepa

Highlight transferable skills 

Transferable skills are the versatile tools in your skillset that you've honed through various experiences — academic, extracurricular, volunteer work, or even personal projects. These skills aren't confined to a specific job or industry; they're adaptable assets that can add value to any role. Think of them as the bridge connecting your current capabilities to the demands of the job you're pursuing.

Some common examples of transferable skills that employers value include:

• Communication skills : Effective written and verbal communication, active listening, the ability to articulate ideas clearly and persuasively, or fluency in other languages, e.g., Te Reo Māori, Spanish or Mandarin.   
• Problem-solving skills : Critical thinking, analytical abilities, and the ability to identify and resolve issues efficiently.  
• Teamwork skills : Collaboration, cooperation, conflict resolution, and contributing positively to a group dynamic.  
• Leadership skills : Initiative, the ability to motivate and inspire others, delegation, and decision-making capabilities.  
• Organisational Skills : Time management, planning, attention to detail, and prioritising tasks effectively.

When crafting your cover letter, it's essential to highlight transferable skills that are most relevant to the position you're applying for. Showcase these skills effectively by weaving them into your body paragraphs. This can help demonstrate how your past experiences have equipped you to excel in the role.

Remember, don’t just list your skills; provide concrete examples illustrating how you've put them into practice. Perhaps you spearheaded a successful fundraising campaign for a school club, showcasing your leadership and organisational abilities. 

Or you could have tutored a struggling classmate, demonstrating your patience, communication skills, and passion for helping others. These real-world examples add depth and credibility to your claims, leaving a lasting impression on potential employers.

Even if your experiences haven't been in a traditional work setting, don't underestimate their value. Every challenge you've overcome, every project you've completed, and every skill you've acquired contributes to your unique skillset. 

By strategically highlighting these transferable skills, you can paint a compelling picture of your potential and convince employers that you're ready to hit the ground running. 

Mistakes to avoid

When writing a cover letter with no experience, steering clear of common pitfalls is essential. These mistakes can diminish your chances of securing an interview! For example, regurgitating the information on your CV or failing to tailor your cover letter to each unique job opportunity can leave a negative impression on employers and have your cover letter sent straight to the rejection pile. Aue! 

Your cover letter should complement your CV and offer more profound insights into your personality, motivations, and potential. Think of it as an opportunity to showcase the "you" behind the qualifications.

Additionally, resist the urge to dwell on your lack of experience or make self-deprecating remarks. Instead, adopt a positive and proactive tone, emphasising your eagerness to learn and contribute. 

Lastly, meticulous proofreading is non-negotiable. Typos and grammatical errors can signal a lack of attention to detail, which could undermine your credibility as a potential candidate.

By avoiding these common mistakes and focusing on your strengths, you'll craft a compelling cover letter that captures the attention of employers and paves the way for a successful job search with no experience. 

Take the time to thoroughly review your letter or, better yet, enlist a trusted friend or family member to provide a fresh perspective. Remember, a polished and error-free cover letter reflects professionalism and dedication! 

Key takeaways

While writing a cover letter with no experience might initially seem like a hurdle, it's actually a golden opportunity to showcase your potential and set yourself apart. Your cover letter is more than just a formality—it's a chance to tell your unique story and make a personal connection with potential employers!

By strategically highlighting your transferable skills and focusing on your enthusiasm and eagerness to learn, you can craft a compelling narrative that captures the attention of employers. Remember to tailor each letter to the specific role, avoid common mistakes, and proofread carefully.

With a well-structured, personalised cover letter, you can confidently step into the job market and demonstrate that you're ready to contribute and grow, even with no work experience. 

So go ahead, put your best foot forward, and show employers what you're made of. Karawhiua! 

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Career center, resumes and cover letters.

Resumes and cover letters are the most common application materials that employers will ask for when you apply for a job. It is important that these documents represent you and demonstrate your ability to do the work in a clear, concise, and convincing way.

Because of their importance, many people find it difficult or intimidating to write resumes and cover letters. Some just don’t know where to begin. We are here to help! Click on the images below for guides to help you structure and compose these vital documents.

Resume Guide

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Each person’s resume will be unique to them, taking into account their goals, experience, education, and skills. Apply the tips in the guides above and then, for personalized assistance, schedule a one-on-one advising appointment in person or online . Whether you are applying for an on-campus job, an internship, your first job after graduation, or you are changing careers, we can assist you. Come see us!

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