ap lang persuasive essay

Crafting an Impressive Argumentative Essay for AP Lang

Writing an argumentative essay for AP Language and Composition requires a strategic approach to effectively convey your perspective. Here's a guide to crafting an impressive argumentative essay:

1. Understand the Prompt:

   - Tip: Carefully read and analyze the prompt. Identify the key elements, including the task you are asked to perform and any specific requirements or constraints.

2. Develop a Clear Thesis Statement:

   - Tip: Formulate a concise and focused thesis statement that clearly states your argument or position. This statement should guide the reader on what to expect in your essay.

3. Identify Your Audience:

   - Tip: Consider your target audience and tailor your language and arguments accordingly. Understanding your audience helps you establish a connection and effectively convey your message.

4. Organize Your Essay Effectively:

   - Tip: Structure your essay with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Ensure a logical flow of ideas, with each paragraph contributing to the overall argument.

5. Provide Context and Background:

   - Tip: Begin with a brief introduction that provides context for your argument. Clearly state the issue at hand and offer background information to help readers understand the significance of your argument.

6. Present a Strong Claim:

   - Tip: Clearly articulate your main claim or argument. This should be a debatable statement that forms the core of your essay. Avoid vague or overly broad claims.

7. Support Your Argument with Evidence:

   - Tip: Use relevant and compelling evidence to support your claims. This can include facts, statistics, examples, anecdotes, or quotations. Ensure that your evidence is credible and directly contributes to your argument.

8. Address Counterarguments:

   - Tip: Acknowledge potential counterarguments and address them in your essay. This demonstrates a nuanced understanding of the issue and strengthens your overall argument.

9. Use Persuasive Language:

    - Tip: Choose language that is persuasive and impactful. Utilize rhetorical devices, vivid imagery, and compelling language to engage your readers and convey the urgency or importance of your argument.

10. Craft Well-Reasoned Body Paragraphs:

    - Tip: Dedicate separate paragraphs to different aspects of your argument. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence, supporting evidence, and a concise explanation of how the evidence relates to your thesis.

11. Ensure Cohesive Transitions:

    - Tip: Use transitional phrases and sentences to ensure a smooth transition between paragraphs. This enhances the coherence of your essay and guides readers through your line of reasoning.

12. Conclude Effectively:

    - Tip: Summarize your main points in the conclusion and restate the significance of your argument. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion. End with a strong closing statement that leaves a lasting impression.

13. Revise and Edit:

    - Tip: Set aside time for revision and editing. Review your essay for clarity, coherence, and grammatical accuracy. Ensure that your argument is compelling and well-supported.

14. Seek Feedback:

    - Tip: If possible, seek feedback from peers, teachers, or mentors. External perspectives can provide valuable insights and help you identify areas for improvement.

15. Stay Focused on the Argument:

    - Tip: Throughout the essay, stay focused on your central argument. Avoid unnecessary tangents or diverging from the main point. Every part of your essay should contribute to strengthening your overall argument.

Crafting an impressive argumentative essay for AP Language and Composition involves a combination of persuasive writing techniques, solid evidence, and effective organization. By following these tips, you can create a compelling essay that showcases your ability to engage in sophisticated argumentation and rhetorical analysis.

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Mastering the Argumentative Essay in AP Lang: Strategies and Examples

• Dr. Huey Logan
• December 8, 2023
• Study Guides

In AP Language, crafting an argumentative essay requires specific skills and strategies. Students often struggle with providing credible evidence and effectively defending, challenging, or qualifying their claims. To excel in the argumentative essay, it is crucial for students to carefully read and follow the prompt instructions. Prompts can vary, but they typically ask students to defend, challenge, or qualify assertions on various topics. The use of appropriate evidence is emphasized, with prompts instructing students to support their arguments with specific references to reading, observation, or experience.

Here's What You'll Learn

To create a strong argumentative essay, students should follow certain strategies. Firstly, they need to clearly define their thesis or main argument and ensure it is rooted in evidence. Secondly, developing a well-structured essay with a logical flow of ideas is essential. Each body paragraph should present a separate piece of evidence and provide analysis to support the thesis. Students should also consider counterarguments and address them within the essay. Incorporating persuasive techniques such as ethos, pathos, and logos can enhance the effectiveness of the essay. Lastly, allocating enough time for revision and editing is crucial to ensure clarity and coherence in their writing.

Key Takeaways:

• Carefully read and follow the prompt instructions
• Clearly define the thesis and ensure it is supported by evidence
• Develop a well-structured essay with a logical flow of ideas
• Consider counterarguments and address them within the essay
• Incorporate persuasive techniques like ethos, pathos, and logos

By understanding the prompt, developing a clear thesis, providing relevant evidence, and utilizing persuasive techniques , students can create compelling argumentative essays in AP Lang. With practice and dedication, their writing skills will improve, leading to success in the AP Lang exam.

Strategies for Crafting a Strong Argumentative Essay

To create a strong argumentative essay, students should follow certain strategies. First, they need to clearly define their thesis or main argument and ensure it is rooted in evidence. The thesis statement should be concise and provide direction for the essay. Next, students should develop a well-structured essay with a logical flow of ideas. Each body paragraph should present a separate piece of evidence and provide analysis to support the thesis.

It is also important for students to consider counterarguments and address them within the essay. This shows a deeper understanding of the topic and strengthens the overall argument. In addition, incorporating persuasive techniques such as ethos, pathos, and logos can enhance the effectiveness of the essay. These techniques appeal to the reader’s emotions, logic, and credibility, respectively, making the argument more persuasive and convincing.

Finally, students should allocate enough time for revision and editing to ensure clarity and coherence in their writing. By reviewing and refining their essay, students can eliminate any inconsistencies or ambiguities and make their argument more compelling. Taking the time to revise also allows students to improve their use of language, grammar, and punctuation, resulting in a polished and professional essay.

Examples of Strong Argumentative Essays in AP Lang

To provide students with a clear understanding of what constitutes a strong argumentative essay in AP Lang, it is helpful to provide examples. One example is an essay that received a high score in the exam. The essay started with a strong introduction that grabbed the reader’s attention and clearly stated the thesis. The body paragraphs presented multiple pieces of evidence that were carefully analyzed and connected back to the thesis. The essay also made concessions to the opposing side, showing a balanced perspective. The conclusion effectively summarized the main points and restated the thesis in a compelling manner.

Another example is an essay that effectively used persuasive techniques to enhance the argument. The use of emotional appeals, logical reasoning, and credibility helped convince the reader of the essay’s validity. These examples demonstrate the skills and strategies needed to craft a successful argumentative essay in AP Lang.

These examples serve as inspiration for students aspiring to become top essay writers . By studying and analyzing these successful essays, students can gain insights into effective argumentative writing strategies. It is important to note that crafting such essays requires practice and dedication. Professional paper writers have honed their skills through years of experience, making them valuable resources for students seeking guidance. With the right support and practice, students can develop their own abilities as pro essay writers and excel in the AP Lang exam.

Crafting an AP Lang argumentative essay requires a combination of skills, strategies, and practice. By understanding the prompt, developing a clear thesis, providing relevant evidence, and utilizing persuasive techniques, students can create compelling essays. It is important to allocate enough time for preparation, revision, and editing to ensure a well-structured and coherent essay.

With dedicated study and practice, students can improve their argumentative writing skills and achieve success in the AP Lang exam. And if you’re looking for reliable dissertation writers or professional paper writers to guide and support you in crafting an effective AP Lang argumentative essay, look no further. At The Study Corp, we have a team of experts ready to assist you in your academic journey.

Our reliable dissertation writers and professional paper writers have years of experience in writing and can help you develop strong arguments, provide expert analysis, and deliver high-quality essays. Don’t let writing assignments overwhelm you – let us be your academic partner and help you excel in your AP Lang essays.

What skills are necessary to excel in the argumentative essay in AP Lang?

To excel in the argumentative essay, students must develop their analysis skills, understand the prompt, and provide relevant and convincing evidence to support their claims.

What strategies should students follow to create a strong argumentative essay in AP Lang?

Students should clearly define their thesis, develop a well-structured essay with a logical flow of ideas, consider counterarguments, incorporate persuasive techniques, and allocate enough time for revision and editing.

Can you provide examples of strong argumentative essays in AP Lang?

Yes, examples of strong argumentative essays include those that have a strong introduction, well-analyzed evidence, concessions to the opposing side, effective conclusions, and persuasive techniques that enhance the argument.

How can students improve their argumentative writing skills in AP Lang?

By understanding the prompt, developing a clear thesis, providing relevant evidence, utilizing persuasive techniques, and dedicating time for preparation, revision, and editing, students can improve their argumentative writing skills in AP Lang.

Source Links

• https://www.albert.io/blog/how-to-get-a-6-on-argument-frq-in-ap-english-language/
• https://www.albert.io/blog/master-ap-arguing/
• https://www.georgetownisd.org/cms/lib/TX01001838/Centricity/Domain/594/Argument essay.pdf

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How to Write the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay (With Example)

November 27, 2023

Feeling intimidated by the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay? We’re here to help demystify. Whether you’re cramming for the AP Lang exam right now or planning to take the test down the road, we’ve got crucial rubric information, helpful tips, and an essay example to prepare you for the big day. This post will cover 1) What is the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay? 2) AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Rubric 3) AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis: Sample Prompt 4) AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example 5)AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example: Why It Works

What is the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay?

The AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay is one of three essays included in the written portion of the AP English Exam. The full AP English Exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes long, with the first 60 minutes dedicated to multiple-choice questions. Once you complete the multiple-choice section, you move on to three equally weighted essays that ask you to synthesize, analyze, and interpret texts and develop well-reasoned arguments. The three essays include:

Synthesis essay: You’ll review various pieces of evidence and then write an essay that synthesizes (aka combines and interprets) the evidence and presents a clear argument. Read our write up on How to Write the AP Lang Synthesis Essay here.

Argumentative essay: You’ll take a stance on a specific topic and argue your case.

Rhetorical essay: You’ll read a provided passage, then analyze the author’s rhetorical choices and develop an argument that explains why the author made those rhetorical choices.

AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Rubric

The AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay is graded on just 3 rubric categories: Thesis, Evidence and Commentary, and Sophistication . At a glance, the rubric categories may seem vague, but AP exam graders are actually looking for very particular things in each category. We’ll break it down with dos and don’ts for each rubric category:

Thesis (0-1 point)

There’s nothing nebulous when it comes to grading AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay thesis. You either have one or you don’t. Including a thesis gets you one point closer to a high score and leaving it out means you miss out on one crucial point. So, what makes a thesis that counts?

• Make sure your thesis argues something about the author’s rhetorical choices. Making an argument means taking a risk and offering your own interpretation of the provided text. This is an argument that someone else might disagree with.
• A good test to see if you have a thesis that makes an argument. In your head, add the phrase “I think that…” to the beginning of your thesis. If what follows doesn’t logically flow after that phrase (aka if what follows isn’t something you and only you think), it’s likely you’re not making an argument.
• Avoid a thesis that merely restates the prompt.
• Avoid a thesis that summarizes the text but does not make an argument.

Evidence and Commentary (0-4 points)

This rubric category is graded on a scale of 0-4 where 4 is the highest grade. Per the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis rubric, to get a 4, you’ll want to:

• Include lots of specific evidence from the text. There is no set golden number of quotes to include, but you’ll want to make sure you’re incorporating more than a couple pieces of evidence that support your argument about the author’s rhetorical choices.
• Make sure you include more than one type of evidence, too. Let’s say you’re working on your essay and have gathered examples of alliteration to include as supporting evidence. That’s just one type of rhetorical choice, and it’s hard to make a credible argument if you’re only looking at one type of evidence. To fix that issue, reread the text again looking for patterns in word choice and syntax, meaningful figurative language and imagery, literary devices, and other rhetorical choices, looking for additional types of evidence to support your argument.
• After you include evidence, offer your own interpretation and explain how this evidence proves the point you make in your thesis.
• Don’t summarize or speak generally about the author and the text. Everything you write must be backed up with evidence.
• Don’t let quotes speak for themselves. After every piece of evidence you include, make sure to explain your interpretation. Also, connect the evidence to your overarching argument.

Sophistication (0-1 point)

In this case, sophistication isn’t about how many fancy vocabulary words or how many semicolons you use. According to College Board , one point can be awarded to AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis essays that “demonstrate sophistication of thought and/or a complex understanding of the rhetorical situation” in any of these three ways:

• Explaining the significance or relevance of the writer’s rhetorical choices.
• Explaining the purpose or function of the passage’s complexities or tensions.
• Employing a style that is consistently vivid and persuasive.

Note that you don’t have to achieve all three to earn your sophistication point. A good way to think of this rubric category is to consider it a bonus point that you can earn for going above and beyond in depth of analysis or by writing an especially persuasive, clear, and well-structured essay. In order to earn this point, you’ll need to first do a good job with your thesis, evidence, and commentary.

• Focus on nailing an argumentative thesis and multiple types of evidence. Getting these fundamentals of your essay right will set you up for achieving depth of analysis.
• Explain how each piece of evidence connects to your thesis.
• Spend a minute outlining your essay before you begin to ensure your essay flows in a clear and cohesive way.
• Steer clear of generalizations about the author or text.
• Don’t include arguments you can’t prove with evidence from the text.
• Avoid complex sentences and fancy vocabulary words unless you use them often. Long, clunky sentences with imprecisely used words are hard to follow.

AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis: Sample Prompt

The sample prompt below is published online by College Board and is a real example from the 2021 AP Exam. The prompt provides background context, essay instructions, and the text you need to analyze. For sake of space, we’ve included the text as an image you can click to read. After the prompt, we provide a sample high scoring essay and then explain why this AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis essay example works.

Suggested time—40 minutes.

(This question counts as one-third of the total essay section score.)

On February 27, 2013, while in office, former president Barack Obama delivered the following address dedicating the Rosa Parks statue in the National Statuary Hall of the United States Capitol building. Rosa Parks was an African American civil rights activist who was arrested in 1955 for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama. Read the passage carefully. Write an essay that analyzes the rhetorical choices Obama makes to convey his message.

In your response you should do the following:

• Respond to the prompt with a thesis that analyzes the writer’s rhetorical choices.
• Select and use evidence to support your line of reasoning.
• Explain how the evidence supports your line of reasoning.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the rhetorical situation.
• Use appropriate grammar and punctuation in communicating your argument.

AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example

In his speech delivered in 2013 at the dedication of Rosa Park’s statue, President Barack Obama acknowledges everything that Parks’ activism made possible in the United States. Telling the story of Parks’ life and achievements, Obama highlights the fact that Parks was a regular person whose actions accomplished enormous change during the civil rights era. Through the use of diction that portrays Parks as quiet and demure, long lists that emphasize the extent of her impacts, and Biblical references, Obama suggests that all of us are capable of achieving greater good, just as Parks did.

Although it might be a surprising way to start to his dedication, Obama begins his speech by telling us who Parks was not: “Rosa Parks held no elected office. She possessed no fortune” he explains in lines 1-2. Later, when he tells the story of the bus driver who threatened to have Parks arrested when she refused to get off the bus, he explains that Parks “simply replied, ‘You may do that’” (lines 22-23). Right away, he establishes that Parks was a regular person who did not hold a seat of power. Her protest on the bus was not part of a larger plan, it was a simple response. By emphasizing that Parks was not powerful, wealthy, or loud spoken, he implies that Parks’ style of activism is an everyday practice that all of us can aspire to.

AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example (Continued)

Even though Obama portrays Parks as a demure person whose protest came “simply” and naturally, he shows the importance of her activism through long lists of ripple effects. When Parks challenged her arrest, Obama explains, Martin Luther King, Jr. stood with her and “so did thousands of Montgomery, Alabama commuters” (lines 27-28). They began a boycott that included “teachers and laborers, clergy and domestics, through rain and cold and sweltering heat, day after day, week after week, month after month, walking miles if they had to…” (lines 28-31). In this section of the speech, Obama’s sentences grow longer and he uses lists to show that Parks’ small action impacted and inspired many others to fight for change. Further, listing out how many days, weeks, and months the boycott lasted shows how Parks’ single act of protest sparked a much longer push for change.

To further illustrate Parks’ impact, Obama incorporates Biblical references that emphasize the importance of “that single moment on the bus” (lines 57-58). In lines 33-35, Obama explains that Parks and the other protestors are “driven by a solemn determination to affirm their God-given dignity” and he also compares their victory to the fall the “ancient walls of Jericho” (line 43). By of including these Biblical references, Obama suggests that Parks’ action on the bus did more than correct personal or political wrongs; it also corrected moral and spiritual wrongs. Although Parks had no political power or fortune, she was able to restore a moral balance in our world.

Toward the end of the speech, Obama states that change happens “not mainly through the exploits of the famous and the powerful, but through the countless acts of often anonymous courage and kindness” (lines 78-81). Through carefully chosen diction that portrays her as a quiet, regular person and through lists and Biblical references that highlight the huge impacts of her action, Obama illustrates exactly this point. He wants us to see that, just like Parks, the small and meek can change the world for the better.

AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example: Why It Works

We would give the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis essay above a score of 6 out of 6 because it fully satisfies the essay’s 3 rubric categories: Thesis, Evidence and Commentary, and Sophistication . Let’s break down what this student did:

The thesis of this essay appears in the last line of the first paragraph:

“ Through the use of diction that portrays Parks as quiet and demure, long lists that emphasize the extent of her impacts, and Biblical references, Obama suggests that all of us are capable of achieving greater good, just as Parks did .”

This student’s thesis works because they make a clear argument about Obama’s rhetorical choices. They 1) list the rhetorical choices that will be analyzed in the rest of the essay (the italicized text above) and 2) include an argument someone else might disagree with (the bolded text above).

Evidence and Commentary:

This student includes substantial evidence and commentary. Things they do right, per the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis rubric:

• They include lots of specific evidence from the text in the form of quotes.
• They incorporate 3 different types of evidence (diction, long lists, Biblical references).
• After including evidence, they offer an interpretation of what the evidence means and explain how the evidence contributes to their overarching argument (aka their thesis).

Sophistication

This essay achieves sophistication according to the AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis essay rubric in a few key ways:

• This student provides an introduction that flows naturally into the topic their essay will discuss. Before they get to their thesis, they tell us that Obama portrays Parks as a “regular person” setting up their main argument: Obama wants all regular people to aspire to do good in the world just as Rosa Parks did.
• They organize evidence and commentary in a clear and cohesive way. Each body paragraph focuses on just one type of evidence.
• They explain how their evidence is significant. In the final sentence of each body paragraph, they draw a connection back to the overarching argument presented in the thesis.
• All their evidence supports the argument presented in their thesis. There is no extraneous evidence or misleading detail.
• They consider nuances in the text. Rather than taking the text at face value, they consider what Obama’s rhetorical choices imply and offer their own unique interpretation of those implications.
• In their final paragraph, they come full circle, reiterate their thesis, and explain what Obama’s rhetorical choices communicate to readers.
• Their sentences are clear and easy to read. There are no grammar errors or misused words.

AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay—More Resources

Looking for more tips to help your master your AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay? Brush up on 20 Rhetorical Devices High School Students Should Know and read our Tips for Improving Reading Comprehension . If you’re ready to start studying for another part of the AP English Exam, find more expert tips in our How to Write the AP Lang Synthesis blog post.

Considering what other AP classes to take? Read up on the Hardest AP Classes .

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Christina Wood

Christina Wood holds a BA in Literature & Writing from UC San Diego, an MFA in Creative Writing from Washington University in St. Louis, and is currently a Doctoral Candidate in English at the University of Georgia, where she teaches creative writing and first-year composition courses. Christina has published fiction and nonfiction in numerous publications, including The Paris Review , McSweeney’s , Granta , Virginia Quarterly Review , The Sewanee Review , Mississippi Review , and Puerto del Sol , among others. Her story “The Astronaut” won the 2018 Shirley Jackson Award for short fiction and received a “Distinguished Stories” mention in the 2019 Best American Short Stories anthology.

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AP® English Language

How to get a 6 on the argument frq in ap® english language.

• The Albert Team
• Last Updated On: March 1, 2022

What We Review

Introduction: How to Get a 6 on the Argument FRQ in AP® English Language

Wondering how to get a 6 on the argumentative essay in AP® English Language? 

To score an 5 on the AP® English Argument FRQ question, the CollegeBoard scoring guidelines outline that students need to write an essay that effectively argues a position, uses appropriate and convincing evidence, and showcases a wide range of the elements of writing. Essays that score a 6 do all of that and, additionally, demonstrate sophistication in their argument.

An essay that does all of that is an incredibly well-constructed essay. Such an essay needs a solid framework and excellent support. To do this, it is important to have a clear idea of what you are being asked, to not waffle, to spend time and care with your thesis and outline, and to support every claim you make.

We know the best way to write an AP® English FRQ that does everything right is to understand what you are going to see on the AP® English Language test. Read on to prepare yourself for exam day and earn that 6!

What to Expect from the AP® English Language Argument Free Response Questions

The AP® English argument FRQ is the most straightforward of the AP® English FRQs because it is the most similar to the essays you’re already used to writing. It’s exciting to have free reign and make your own argument, unrestrained from rhetorical analysis devices or documents. But, like most AP® writing, it also can be a little overwhelming.

There’s nothing to read and analyze to provide evidence or help you form an argument. Whether you’re feeling excited or overwhelmed by the AP® writing argument FRQ, consider the rhetorical situation. Be strategic about forming your thesis, craft a strong, chronological argument, and utilize good, supportive evidence to earn a better overall essay response.

Determine the question.

The first question to ask yourself is what am I being asked to do ? This may seem obvious, but it’s surprising how tricky it can be to figure out. Look for keywords and phrases that will answer that question.

Here’s an example from the 2019 AP® English Language argumentative essay.

Though there are just two short paragraphs, there is a lot of room for confusion here. In this case, “Then, write a well-developed essay in which you explain your judgment.” is the key sentence you are looking for. In 2019, AP® English Language test takers were asked to select a concept, place, role, etc. that they believed was “overrated,” and explain why.

If you cannot determine what the question is, go back and reread the prompt. Focus on the last few sentences, as that’s where you’ll usually find it.

Knowing the question you are answering is the most important part of AP® writing. You will not be able to answer the question effectively if you aren’t certain what the question is. Pick out a specific sentence or two to determine the question, and thereby ensure that you aren’t just writing an essay that responds to the general sense of the argument essay prompts

Pick an opinion and stick to it.

The next step is both simple and difficult. Identify your own opinion on the subject.

But remember — the AP® argumentative essay exam format is designed to test how well you can craft an argument. Questions like the 2019 question seem so daunting, because claiming anything to be “overrated” is such a broad topic. It is a bigger question than students are used to encountering on an AP® test.

But, always remember, there is no right or wrong answer for this AP® English FRQ. And whatever argument you choose will not come back later in the exam or in your final grade in the class. This is not to say that you shouldn’t believe in what you are writing. Only that you should remember that both sides are arguable, pick one, and stick to it. Don’t waffle.

Below we break down two sample student answers from this same 2019 prompt. 

In this AP® Lang argument essay example, the student jumps from describing places, to people, to outfits. The prompts asked for only one example and the student gives three.  By doing this, it shows they were not only unable to grasp what the prompt was asking, but that they couldn’t stick to their opinion.  Instead of deeply strengthening one choice, the student gives vague, half-reasons for too many choices. When writing your FRQs, choose just one concept and stick to it.

The following example demonstrates a strong student response:

This student picks one clear concept, capitalism, and clearly outlines their support for it.  They write with clear language that opens the door for the deeper analysis coming later in the essay.

Like this student, choose just one clear argument to delve into when writing your FRQ.

Craft a thesis statement.

The thesis statement should be both simple and elegant. Students often find it one of the more difficult writing skills to master, but we’re here to help. Just remember that it should encompass your entire essay in just one sentence.  So, for the 2019 argument FRQ :

Good thesis: While capitalism undeniably has its upsides, it has many downsides that are rarely recognized. When considering the downsides, capitalism is clearly overrated as it commodifies humanity and uplifts a minority at the expense of the majority.

This thesis breaks down a) that the author clearly states his claim that capitalism is overrated, b) that the author will support that claim with examples on how it commodifies humanity and how it hurts the majority in favor of the minority.

Good thesis: While the Electoral College was created in the name of equality for smaller states, it is ultimately overrated because it undercuts the popular vote, it is an archaic practice that is unsuitable for the modern era.

This thesis claims the Electoral College is overrated by claiming it doesn’t do what it was created to do in the first place- support equality.  It also introduces two supporting examples for the rest of the essay- it undercuts the popular vote and it doesn’t work in the modern era.

Not a good thesis: Kicking a ball in a net and scoring, is not as important as saving lives. Soccer to me would be considered overrated.

This thesis doesn’t give clear direction for the rest of the essay.  The author claims soccer is overrated, but doesn’t tell us why. The example that “it’s not as important as saving lives” is unrelated and also not touched on again later in the essay. This thesis isn’t specific and doesn’t give you a clear idea of what the author will be saying next.

Not a good thesis: The term “overrated” has been used in conversation to diminish the value of roles. In unusual circumstances the term “overrated” should be applied to the idea of freedom in regards to social change, but overall it should not be applied in regards to global devastation and cruel treatment.

This thesis does not directly answer the question.  Is the author arguing that freedom is overrated? They also claim that the term overrated doesn’t apply to global devastation and cruel treatment. This second claim is both unrelated to the first and doesn’t work to answer the initial prompt.

Looking at these four examples, can you see the difference between a strong and weak thesis?

After you’ve determined your thesis, use it as a jumping point to sketch a quick outline. Then, follow your outline, bringing in your own concrete examples and evidence. Doing so will improve your AP® writing.

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Craft a chronological argument.

A good argument builds as you move through the essay. It does not simply repeat the same points. Instead, the different points of the argument build off one another and work together to advance the author’s point.

Let’s look at the 2018 AP® English argument FRQ for an example.

In this case, students are being asked to argue a position on the value of choosing the unknown. 

All students are likely to have their own definitions of what “choosing the unknown” might mean. You first want to consider what this phrase means to you, and how it applies to the real world.  Could it mean breaking out of your comfort zone in daily routines, or could it mean going to theater school to follow your dreams?  There’s no wrong answers, but try to pin down one. Consider Lindbergh’s quote the prompt gives you, and how shock, disappointment, and enrichment play into choosing the unknown.

Once you’ve nailed down your definition, you can begin to form your arguments. A chronological argument builds off itself. So, in this question’s case, an outline would look something like this:

• Choosing the unknown is necessary for the development of the human race.
• Scientific advancements cannot be made without testing the boundaries of the unknown.
• Cultural and artistic growth can only occur through exploring the unknown.

First, a student must define what choosing the unknown means, and what makes it difficult. Next the student argues for the value of choosing the unknown, in that the human race could never develop without it.  Finally, the student will argue for the invaluable scientific and cultural/artistic advances made throughout history by breaking known boundaries.

When you sketch your outline, quickly ask yourself if the outline would make just as much sense if you rearranged it. If the answer is no, start writing your essay. If the answer is yes, try to structure your argument so that your points build off one another.

Support your claims.

All arguments need evidence. This is the proof you need to support your thesis. And in the case of the AP® English argument FRQ, the evidence all comes from you. What exactly that evidence is will vary from question to question and from student to student. But make sure that every point you make is supported by evidence.

Here’s some good news — you already know quite a bit about effective evidence from what you have learned in AP® English about rhetorical devices. Your main purpose in this essay is to persuade. What have you learned in class about effective ways to persuade? What rhetorical devices can you utilize? Try to pick the best devices to support your argument that you can.

Here are some examples of supportive and non-supportive evidence that students could use to support their claims.

The 2017 AP® English language argument FRQ asked students to argue a position if the most essential skill is artifice. The example student answers given below are from here .

Supportive evidence:   “Throughout history, rulers have utilized countless different methods of achieving power, however none have been so successful as mastering the art of lying.

In his advice to future rulers, Niccolo Machiavelli encouraged them to lie and maintain the illusion of sympathy to the common struggles in order to retain power. He asserts that it is imperative for a ruler to appear caring and sympathetic even if he has no objective but power.

Machiavelli argues that to be sincere and honest is akin to being vulnerable. A ruler must be skilled in the art of deception if he is not to fall prey to usurpers. Thus, it is essential that he appear humble and morally upright to his constituents as he is to appear idealistic, despite his nature being identical to his citizens.”

In this paragraph, the student chooses to discuss the role of artifice in politics. The student claims that mastering lying is essential to achieving political power. The student uses Machiavelli’s leadership and beliefs as specific examples to support this, by analyzing and connecting each point back to his/her claim.

Non-supportive evidence: “Another example would be actors on red carpets or at interviews they sound generous and relatable, but in reality they could be selfish people who don’t care about anyone. To the public they act charming, honest, and sincere. They do this so they can get famous and rich. They do this so they will never get ignored.”

In this paragraph, the student chooses to discuss the role of artifice in the culture of entertainment and celebrities. However, the student does not utilize supportive evidence to do so. The paragraph is full of claims about how actors lie, but does not provide a concrete example to anchor the claims. The student provides a lot of very vague generalizations, but no clear evidence or examples of specific celebrities and how they used artifice to succeed.

There is so much variance in prompts and students’ prior knowledge; it’s impossible to provide a checklist of what makes evidence supportive. But a good trick to decide if you’ve supported your claims well enough is to talk to yourself. No really, it’s a good idea.

Picture yourself discussing your essay with someone. Imagine that this person disagrees with everything that you say. Every time you make a claim, like that it’s important to be polite in an email, your imaginary person shakes their head and tells you no. How would you try to convince them? What examples would you use? Make sure that for each opinion you put forward; you have provided an answer to someone who would disagree with you.

The evidence is an important part of your essay. If your outline and your argument are a framework, your evidence is the brick and mortar. A house without brick and mortar won’t fall, but it won’t be a very nice house to inhabit. Tie every claim you make to a piece of evidence to ensure the best essay possible.

Wrapping Things Up: Scoring a 6 on the Argument FRQ for AP® English Language

The AP® English argument FRQ varies quite a bit. But it is ultimately about how well you can put forth an argument. So, don’t be afraid to spend some time crafting that argument. We’ve covered a lot in this article- here are the main points to remember:

• Determine the question. Figure out what the prompt is asking you to do.
• Pick an opinion and stick to it. Choose one side of the argument and one clear claim to support all the way through.
• Craft a thesis statement. Your thesis should be clear, concise, and introduce the content of your essay.
• Craft a chronological argument. Make an argument that builds on its prior points.
• Support your claims. Support yourself with concrete, specific evidence and examples. 

But most of all, have fun. This essay is the one you should be looking forward to, where you have the freest rein. Enjoy it and earn yourself a 6.

Do the examples shown make sense to you? Can you picture yourself moving through the AP® writing argument FRQ with ease now?

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8 thoughts on “how to get a 6 on the argument frq in ap® english language”.

Thank you for explaining this so eloquently. Excellent post, I will keep this handy and refer to it often from now on. It’s so educative. Great post!

Sure, glad it helped.

I’m an AP® Language teacher and the title of your article caught my eye because the essays aren’t scored on a 0-9 scale anymore. The max score for an essay now is a 6. Essays are now scored in 3 categories: Thesis: 0 or 1 point Evidence and commentary: 0-4 points Sophistication: 0 or 1 point I just wanted to let you know! I saw this was last updated in 2020 and just thought it should reflect the current AP® exam.

Thank you for the heads up! This is an older blog post that must have had something else updated to it this year. We’ve gone ahead and revised the post.

Hi, my AP® Language teacher emphasized on a counterargument at the end of the supporting paragraphs. Could you elaborate on it? Also, how exactly do we get the sophistication point?

Hi Stephanie, thanks for reaching out! Making a solid counter-argument is definitely one way to make sure that you earn the Sophistication point. We recommend having a look at our AP® English Language Review Guide for 2021 for more tips! The College Board’s Free-Response Question and Scoring Information Archive also provides authentic examples of student writing — many of which successfully make counterarguments and rebuttals to earn the Sophistication point.

Hi can I get a 6?

Hi Roy, we certainly believe that earning a 6 on your FRQs is possible with practice and dedication! I’d recommend having a look at our AP® English Language Review Guide for tips and tricks, and you can also browse our AP® English Language and Composition Resource Page and Free Response practice questions for targeted practice.

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Beyond Persuasion: Unlocking the Nuances of the AP Lang Argument Essay

May 7, 2024 //  by  Lindsay Ann //   Leave a Comment

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As if there wasn’t enough for students to deal with their junior and senior year – college or career planning, senioritis, prom drama – we have to go and layer in high-stakes, high-stress standardized tests like the SAT, ACT, and even the AP Language and Composition test for the brave souls who choose to face the AP Lang synthesis essay, respond to the AP Lang rhetorical analysis essay, and approach the AP Lang argument essay on the AP Lang exam.  Ah, to be a student again!

So, then, how do we get students ready for AP Language, particularly when it comes to the AP Lang argument essay?  Read on to learn about unlocking the nuances of the AP Lang argument essay.

AP Lang Rubric–Sophistication

Let’s start with the fact and, I hope, common knowledge that AP Language is a challenging course, replete with rigorous reading and writing activities .  

This rigor translates to high standards and high expectations that students need to meet to pass the AP Lang exam.  (You can see an AP Lang score calculator like this one here to see what scores students need to earn to pass the AP Lang exam.)   

With this in mind, one thing we need to prepare our students for (and accept ourselves) is that on the AP Lang rubric – and this goes for the AP Lang rhetorical analysis essay, the AP Lang synthesis essay, and the AP Lang argument essay – most students will not earn the sophistication point (Row C). It’s a fact.  

Students could take an AP Lang practice test a hundred times over and still not earn this point.  

Students could look at a hundred AP Lang essay examples and see just a few that have earned this point.  

In AP Language and Composition circles, this sophistication point on the AP Lang rubric is often called the “unicorn point,” for it’s a rare and special thing .  

Now, this shouldn’t be discouraging; this should be encouraging .  

It should free students up from trying too hard for a reach point on the AP Lang rubric and calibrate them, instead, to secure the most accessible points .

AP Lang Rubric–Thesis

So few students earn the sophistication point on the AP Lang rubric – but j ust about every student earns the thesis point (Row A) on the AP Lang rubric , no matter if it’s the AP Lang rhetorical analysis essay, the AP Lang synthesis essay, or the AP Lang argument essay.  

AP Raters – those high school and college educators who score the AP Lang exam over the summer – read “generously” when it comes to a thesis.  

What this means is that they are broadly accepting of thesis statements , no matter their place in the essay or the construction of the sentence(s).  

Here’s what the thesis must do: it must 1) respond to the prompt and 2) provide a claim that requires proof or defense. If a student does that in one sentence or five, in the introduction or the conclusion , the student earns the point on the AP Lang rubric.  

For the AP Lang rhetorical analysis essay, then, the student must include some interpretation of the writer’s message/idea/purpose and some implicit or (preferably) explicit statements of the writer’s choices (which often are AP Lang rhetorical devices like appeals, tone, etc.).  

For the AP Lang synthesis essay and the AP Lang argument essay, the student must take a position that responds to the prompt or issue at hand .  

Where students fall short sometimes is that they will summarize the issue or both sides of an answer. For example, they might say “Nuclear power can be good and bad” rather than taking a stance. 

This stance is the essential foundation for the evidence and commentary to come that develops their ap lang argument essays.

AP Lang Rubric–Evidence and Commentary

So between the thesis and the sophistication strands of the AP Lang Rubric and what students are likely to earn, it’s a bit of a wash: 1 point for thesis, 0 points for sophistication.  

That leaves, then, where most of the students’ attention should be, where most of our teaching should center, and where the most opportunity is: the evidence and commentary strand (Row B) of the AP Lang rubric .  

This strand of the AP Lang rubric is worth between 0 and 4 points, a wide spread.  

Most students find themselves earning a 2 or 3 here on the AP Lang rubric , and this gives them a clear path forward.  

While the thesis and sophistication points are all or nothing, the evidence and commentary strand gives students shades of development and effectiveness to move through.  

So, then, how can we help students move from that 2 to the 3 and the 3 to the 4? 

Here are some ideas for the AP Lang argument essay:

Include specific, relevant evidence to support every claim in a line of reasoning.   

Oftentimes, students who score lower on the AP Lang rubric for the AP Lang argument essay do so because they write in generalities. They share an opinion, but not an informed opinion . They state a claim, but fail to offer evidence to prove it or support it .  

As educators, then, we can teach students the art of “for instance” and “for example.” 

These phrases are helpful and, for many students, necessary ingredients in an argument’s line of reason to transition from claim to concrete, specific evidence .  

By helping students follow their ideas with a “for example,” they are more likely to share a specific piece of evidence from their readings, observations, or experiences to support their assertions.

Strengthen commentary connecting the evidence to the claim and argument.  

Sometimes students will offer that “for instance” discussed above, but then they leave it there.  They lay the evidence out on the table for all to see . . . but that’s it .  

It’s like they are attorneys walking into the courtroom, pronouncing the defendant is guilty, showing a fingerprint to the jury, and then sitting back down.  

Where’s the commentary connecting the evidence to claim?  Where’s the logical connection that proves what they’re out to prove?  

Indeed, evidence is not evidence until a writer connects it to the point of introducing it to the audience . As such, students can strengthen their commentary oftentimes by expanding it or being more detailed with it.  

A good rule of thumb is a 1-2 ratio of evidence to commentary: for every sentence of evidence, the students should plan on at least two sentences of commentary in their ap lang argument essay.

Develop a clear, effective line of reasoning.  

By using specific and relevant evidence as well as strengthening commentary, students will inevitably strengthen their line of reasoning. 

Line of reasoning is the thread that’s pulled through the essay from introduction to body paragraphs to conclusion, from sentence to sentence, word to word.  

The clearer and more developed a line of reasoning is, oftentimes the more successful the essay is (and the higher score it earns on the AP Lang rubric for AP Language and Composition).  

Here’s a good test of the strength of a students’ line of reasoning at the paragraph level : ask students to imagine swapping the positions of two paragraphs . To what degree does it make a difference to the argument?  The organization?  The persuasion?  

If this swap makes little difference, then the writer can strengthen the line of reasoning . For example, if I swap two body paragraphs in my ap lang argument essay and it doesn’t make my writing awkward to read with a jarring transition or less effective because my points are out of order, then that tells me I need to make more purposeful choices.

I hope, then, by using the strategies above you and your students will appreciate the awesome experience that is AP Language and Composition and your students will earn all the success possible on the AP Lang exam , giving them a foundation of success to build on for years to come.

About Lindsay Ann

Lindsay has been teaching high school English in the burbs of Chicago for 19 years. She is passionate about helping English teachers find balance in their lives and teaching practice through practical feedback strategies and student-led learning strategies. She also geeks out about literary analysis, inquiry-based learning, and classroom technology integration. When Lindsay is not teaching, she enjoys playing with her two kids, running, and getting lost in a good book.

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Hey y'all, I'm prepping for the AP Lang exam and I'm focusing on the argument essay right now. Does anybody know what the scoring rubric is like for this section? I want to make sure I'm hitting all the key points.

Hello! The AP Lang Argument Essay rubric has been designed to assess various aspects of your ability to write in a clear and organized way. Here's a breakdown of what the College Board's rubric looks like for the argument essay:

1. Thesis (1 point): Your thesis statement needs to be clear, defensible, and nuanced, and indicate the position you're taking on the issue. Essentially, it should give a roadmap of your essay to the reader.

2. Evidence and Commentary (4 points): You must provide relevant and persuasive evidence to support your claims and arguments. The evidence can be from different sources, but it should be accurate, credible, and convincing. Along with evidence, your analysis and commentary should be insightful and adequately explain how your chosen pieces of evidence support your thesis.

a. 4 points: Providing strong evidence and well-developed analysis that convincingly demonstrates the skills required to create a successful argument.

b. 3 points: Providing a good variety of evidence and relatively solid analysis, but not quite as thorough or convincing as a 4-point essay.

c. 2 points: Using some evidence and limited analysis that, while present, does not quite form a convincing argument.

d. 1 point: Providing minimal evidence or analysis that does not create a solid argument.

3. Sophistication (1 point): This point is awarded for effectively crafting a persuasive essay that demonstrates a deep understanding of the topic, an underlying complexity in your thought process, and strong rhetorical skills. Having a well-structured argument, addressing counterarguments, and using a nuanced tone can help you earn this point.

To prepare for your argument essay, make sure you practice crafting clear thesis statements, gathering relevant and persuasive evidence, providing insightful analysis and commentary, and refining your writing to have an overall sophisticated tone. Analyzing previously successful essays and understanding the rubric criteria will help you ensure that you're hitting all the key points. Good luck with your AP Lang exam!

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How to Write the AP Lang Rhetorical Essay

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What’s Covered:

What is the ap lang rhetorical essay, tips for writing the ap lang rhetorical essay.

• AP Lang Rhetorical Essay Example

How Will AP Scores Affect College Chances?

The AP English Language Exam is one of the most common AP exams you can take. However, the average score on the exam in 2020 was a 2.96 out of 5. While this may seem a bit low, it is important to note that over 550,000 students take the exam annually. With some preparation and knowing how to study, it is totally possible to do well on this AP exam.

The AP Lang Rhetorical Essay is one section of the AP English Language Exam. The exam itself is 3 hours and 15 minutes long, and is broken into two sections. The first part of the exam is a 60 minute, 45-question multiple-choice section. The questions on this part of the exam will test your ability to read a passage and then interpret its meaning, style, and overall themes. After the multiple-choice section, there is a section lasting 2 hours and 15 minutes with three “free response” essays. This includes the synthesis essay, the rhetorical analysis essay, and the argument essay. 

• In the synthesis essay , you will have to develop an argument using pieces of evidence provided to you. 
• The argumentative essay will have you pick a side in a debate and argue for or against it.
• The rhetorical essay requires that you discuss how an author’s written passage contributes to a greater meaning or theme. 

The rhetorical essay is perhaps the most unique of all AP Lang exam essays because it requires the test taker to analyze and interpret the deeper meanings of the passage and connect them to the author’s writing style and writing syntax in only 40 minutes. This essay can be the trickiest because it requires you to have knowledge of rhetorical strategies and then apply them to a passage you’ve never seen before.

1. Outline Your Essay Before Writing

One of the most important parts of the AP Lang essays is structuring your essay so that it makes sense to the reader. This is just as important as having good content. For this essay in particular, you’ll want to read the passage first and write a brief outline of your points before you begin the essay. This is because you will want to write the essay using the passage chronologically, which will be discussed in detail below.

2. Understand Rhetorical Strategies 

If you feel like you don’t know where to start as you prepare to study for the rhetorical essay portion of the exam, you aren’t alone. It is imperative that you have a grasp on what rhetorical strategies are and how you can use them in your essay. One definition of rhetoric is “language carefully chosen and arranged for maximum effect.” This can include types of figurative language (metaphor, simile, personification, pun, irony, etc.) elements of syntax (parallelism, juxtaposition, anthesis, anaphora, etc), logical fallacies, or persuasive appeals. Overall, there are many elements that you can analyze in an essay and having a good grasp on them through practice and memorization is important.

3. Keep the Essay Well Structured 

Even if you understand the various rhetorical strategies you can use, where do you begin? First of all, you’ll want to write a strong introduction that outlines the purpose of the piece. At the end of this introduction, you will write a thesis statement that encapsulates all the rhetorical strategies you discuss. Perhaps these are style elements, tone, or syntax. Be sure to be specific as you list these.

Next, you will create your body paragraphs. As you discuss the rhetorical elements in the piece and tie them back to the work’s meanings, be sure to discuss the points in chronological order. You don’t have to discuss every single strategy, but just pick the ones that are most important. Be sure to cite the line where you found the example. At the end of the essay, write a short conclusion that summarizes the major points above.

4. Be Sure to Explain Your Examples

As you write the essay, don’t just list out your examples and say something like “this is an example of ethos, logos, pathos.” Instead, analyze how the example shows that rhetoric device and how it helps the author further their argument. As you write the rhetorical essay, you’ll want to be as specific and detail-focused as possible. 

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AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example

Below is a prompt and example for a rhetorical essay, along with its score and what the writer did well and could have improved:

The passage below is an excerpt from “On the Want of Money,” an essay written by nineteenth-century author William Hazlitt. Read the passage carefully. Then write an essay in which you analyze the rhetorical strategies Hazlitt uses to develop his position about money.

Student essay example:

In his essay, Hazlitt develops his position on money through careful use of adjectives and verbs, hypothetical situations, and images. His examples serve to impress upon the reader the highly negative consequences of being in “want of money.”

Hazlitt’s word choice in his opening phrase provides an example of his technique in the rest of the essay. It is not necessary to follow “literally” with “truly” yet his repetition of the same ideas emphasizes his point. In his next sentence, one that lasts forty-six lines, Hazlitt condignly repeats similar ideas, beating into his audience the necessity of having money in this world. The parallelism throughout that one long sentence, “it is not to be sent for to court, or asked out to dinner…it is not to have your own opinion consulted or sees rejected with contempt..” ties the many different situations Haziltt gives together. What could have become a tedious spiel instead becomes a melodious recitation, each example reminding you of one before it, either because of the similarities in structure or content. Hazlitt addresses many different negative effects of not having money but manages to tie them together with his rhetorical strategies. 

The diction of the passage fully relays Hazlitt’s position about money. In every example he gives a negative situation but in most emphasizes the terrible circumstance with strong negative adjectives or verbs. “Rejected,” “contempt,” “disparaged,” “scrutinized,” “irksome,” “deprived,” “assailed” “chagrin;” the endless repetition of such discouragement shows how empathetically Hazlitt believes money is a requisite for a happy life. Even the irony of the last sentences is negative, conveying the utter hopelessness of one without money. Through one may have none in life, pitiless men will proceed to mock one’s circumstances, “at a considerable expense” after death! 

In having as the body of his essay one long sentence, Hazlitt creates a flow that speeds the passage along, hardly giving the reader time to absorb one idea before another is thrown at him. The unceasing flow is synonymous with Hazlitt’s view of the life of a person without money: he will be “jostled” through life, unable to stop and appreciate the beauty around him or to take time for his own leisure. 

The score on this essay was a 6 out of 6. This essay started out very strong as the student had a concrete thesis statement explaining the strategies that Hazlitt used to develop his position on money as well as Hazlitt’s belief on the topic. In the thesis statement, the student points out that adjectives, verbs, hypothetical situations, and images help prove Hazlitt’s point that wanting money can be problematic. 

Next, the student broke down their points into three main subsections related to their thesis. More specifically, the student first discusses word choice of repetition and parallelism. When the student discusses these strategies, they list evidence in the paragraph that can be found chronologically in Hazlitt’s essay. The next paragraph is about diction, and the student used specific adjectives and verbs that support this idea. In the last paragraph, the student emphasized how the speed and flow of the essay helped describe Hazlitt’s viewpoint on life. This last concluding sentence is particularly thoughtful, as it goes beyond the explicit points made in the essay and discusses the style and tone of the writing. 

It is important to remember that in some ways, the rhetorical essay is also an argumentative essay, as the student must prove how certain rhetorical strategies are used and their significance in the essay. The student even discussed the irony of the paragraph, which is not explicit in the passage.

Overall, this student did an excellent job organizing and structuring the essay and did a nice job using evidence to prove their points. 

Now that you’ve learned about the AP Lang rhetorical essay, you may be wondering how your AP scores impact your chances of admission. In fact, your AP scores have relatively little impact on your admissions decision , and your course rigor has much more weight in the application process.

If you’d like to know your chances of admission, be sure to check out our chancing calculator! This tool takes into account your classes, extracurriculars, demographic information, and test scores to understand your chances at admission at over 600 schools. Best of all, it is completely free!

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AP English Language and Composition Exam: A Know-It-All Guide

• August 21, 2024
• Difficulty level of AP English Language exam
• Important topics to cover while preparing for the AP English Language test
• Best resources for preparing for the AP English Language test
• Benefits after clearing the AP English Language test

Language is more than just a means of communication; it’s a powerful tool for persuasion, a vehicle for ideas, and a lens through which we interpret the world. In an age where words are as influential as ever—whether in politics, media, or everyday interactions—being able to craft compelling arguments and analyze complex texts is a skill of immense value. The AP English Language and Composition Exam offers high school students the opportunity to develop and demonstrate these abilities, preparing them not only for college-level coursework but also for the broader challenges of a world where effective communication is key.

The AP English Language and Composition course is unlike any other. It’s not just about reading and writing; it’s about learning to see how language shapes our thoughts and influences our decisions. This course pushes students to think critically about the texts they encounter, to recognize the nuances of rhetoric, and to articulate their own ideas with clarity and precision. Whether you’re analyzing the eloquence of a political speech, deconstructing the arguments in a thought-provoking essay, or crafting a persuasive piece of your own, the skills you develop in this course will serve you in countless aspects of life.

But with great opportunity comes great challenge. The AP English Language and Composition Exam is known for its rigor, testing students’ ability to read critically, write effectively, and think analytically under pressure. It’s a test that requires not only a deep understanding of language but also the ability to apply that understanding in a variety of contexts. From multiple-choice questions that probe your reading comprehension to essay prompts that demand nuanced argumentation, the exam is designed to stretch your intellectual limits.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know to conquer the AP English Language and Composition Exam. Whether you’re aiming for a 5 or simply looking to improve your writing skills, this guide will provide you with the insights, strategies, and resources you need to succeed. Get ready to dive into the world of rhetoric, sharpen your analytical skills, and discover the power of language as you prepare to ace the AP English Language and Composition Exam.

Check out this link to know more about- advantages-of-the-ap-program

Difficulty Level of the AP English Language Exam

The AP English Language and Composition Exam is widely recognized as one of the more challenging AP exams, primarily due to its rigorous demands on reading comprehension, writing proficiency, and critical thinking. The difficulty of the exam stems from several key factors:

• Complexity of Texts: The exam includes passages from a wide range of sources, including nonfiction, essays, journalism, and literary works. These texts often feature sophisticated vocabulary, dense syntax, and complex rhetorical strategies. Students must quickly comprehend these challenging texts and analyze their meaning, purpose, and rhetorical techniques.
• Variety of Writing Styles: The exam requires students to produce three different types of essays: a rhetorical analysis, an argumentative essay, and a synthesis essay. Each essay demands a distinct approach and writing style, testing students’ versatility in writing under pressure. Crafting well-structured, coherent, and persuasive essays within a limited time frame is a skill that takes significant practice to master.
• Time Management: One of the most difficult aspects of the AP English Language exam is managing the limited time effectively. The exam is divided into a multiple-choice section and a free-response section, with a total time of three hours and 15 minutes. Students must read passages, analyze them, and respond to essay prompts within this time, making efficient time management crucial to success.
• Analytical Thinking: The exam doesn’t just test your ability to understand what a text says; it tests your ability to analyze how the text works. This involves recognizing the author’s purpose, identifying rhetorical strategies, and understanding how these strategies affect the audience. The ability to think critically and analyze deeply under exam conditions is what makes the test challenging.
• High Expectations: Scoring well on this exam often requires students to go beyond surface-level analysis. The College Board expects students to demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of language and rhetoric, as well as the ability to craft nuanced, well-argued essays. This high level of expectation can make the exam feel daunting for many students.

Check out this link to know more about- which-ap-courses-should-you-take-in-high-school

Important Topics to Cover While Preparing for the AP English Language Test

Preparing for the AP English Language and Composition exam requires a focused study of several key topics and skills. Here’s what you should prioritize in your preparation:

• Rhetorical Strategies:
• Understanding Rhetoric: Gain a deep understanding of rhetoric, including the rhetorical triangle (ethos, pathos, logos) and how authors use these elements to persuade or inform their audience.
• Rhetorical Devices: Familiarize yourself with common rhetorical devices such as metaphors, analogies, allusions, and parallelism. Recognizing and analyzing these devices in texts will be crucial for the rhetorical analysis essay.
• Essay Writing:
• Rhetorical Analysis: Practice analyzing texts to identify the author’s purpose and the rhetorical strategies used. Develop the ability to write a clear, focused analysis that explains how these strategies contribute to the text’s effectiveness.
• Argumentative Essay: Learn how to craft a strong thesis statement and support it with logical reasoning and evidence. Focus on developing coherent arguments that are well-organized and clearly articulated.
• Synthesis Essay: Practice synthesizing information from multiple sources to support a central argument. This essay requires you to integrate different perspectives and use evidence effectively, so honing your ability to analyze and synthesize information is key.
• Reading Comprehension:
• Close Reading: Develop the ability to read passages closely, identifying the main ideas, themes, and arguments presented by the author. Pay attention to how the author’s choices in diction, tone, and structure contribute to the overall meaning of the text.
• Annotation: Practice annotating texts as you read, marking key points, rhetorical strategies, and areas that require deeper analysis. This will help you engage with the text and better prepare for writing essays.
• Multiple-Choice Strategies:
• Question Types: Familiarize yourself with the types of questions typically asked in the multiple-choice section, such as questions about the main idea, author’s purpose, tone, and rhetorical strategies.
• Practice: Regularly practice with multiple-choice questions to improve your ability to quickly and accurately identify the correct answers. Focus on understanding why the correct answers are right and why the incorrect ones are wrong.
• Time Management:
• Timed Essays: Practice writing essays within the allotted time to simulate exam conditions. This will help you become comfortable with the pace you need to maintain during the actual test.
• Strategic Reading: Learn to read passages efficiently, identifying key points and strategies without getting bogged down in every detail. This will allow you to manage your time effectively during the multiple-choice section.

Best Resources for Preparing for the AP English Language Test

Effective preparation for the AP English Language and Composition exam involves utilizing a range of high-quality resources. Here are some of the best tools and materials to guide your study:

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• Textbooks and Study Guides:
• The Language of Composition: This popular textbook offers in-depth coverage of rhetorical strategies, with a wide variety of reading selections and practice exercises that mirror the exam’s content.
• Barron’s AP English Language and Composition: A comprehensive study guide that includes detailed content reviews, practice exams, and strategies for tackling each section of the exam.
• The Princeton Review’s Cracking the AP English Language & Composition Exam: Known for its accessible explanations and test-taking strategies, this guide is excellent for students seeking a clear overview of the exam.
• Online Resources:
• Khan Academy: Offers free lessons on rhetoric, writing, and analysis, along with practice exercises that can help reinforce your understanding of key concepts.
• College Board Website: Provides official practice exams, sample questions, and scoring guidelines. These are invaluable for familiarizing yourself with the exam format and expectations.
• io: An online platform with practice questions tailored to the AP English Language exam. It’s a great resource for honing your skills with multiple-choice questions and essays.
• Practice Exams:
• Official College Board Practice Tests: Taking full-length practice exams under timed conditions is one of the best ways to prepare. These tests give you a realistic sense of the exam’s difficulty and help you identify areas where you need further study.
• Third-Party Practice Tests: In addition to the College Board, resources like Barron’s and The Princeton Review offer practice tests that can provide additional opportunities to practice.
• Writing and Feedback:
• Essay Feedback: Seek feedback from teachers, peers, or online forums where experienced writers can critique your essays. Understanding your strengths and areas for improvement is essential for refining your writing skills.
• Writing Centers and Tutors: If available, utilize school writing centers or consider hiring a tutor to provide personalized guidance on improving your essays and understanding complex texts.
• Study Groups and Peer Review:
• Study Groups: Collaborating with peers can provide fresh perspectives on difficult concepts and motivate you to stay on track with your study schedule.
• Peer Review: Exchange essays with classmates for review. Peer feedback can offer new insights and help you see your writing from a reader’s perspective.

Benefits After Clearing the AP English Language Test

Successfully passing the AP English Language and Composition exam offers several significant benefits, both academically and personally. Here’s why achieving a high score on this exam can be incredibly rewarding:

• College Credit and Advanced Placement:
• Earn College Credit: Many colleges and universities award college credit for high AP exam scores, allowing you to bypass introductory composition courses. This can save you time and money as you pursue your degree.
• Advanced Placement: Scoring well on the AP English Language exam can place you in more advanced writing or literature courses in college, enabling you to dive deeper into subjects that interest you.
• Enhanced College Applications:
• Strengthened Applications: A high score on the AP English Language exam signals to colleges that you are capable of handling college-level coursework. It demonstrates strong reading, writing, and analytical skills, which are highly valued in the admissions process.
• GPA Boost: AP courses are often weighted more heavily in GPA calculations, meaning a good grade in the AP English Language course can positively impact your overall GPA, making you a more competitive applicant.
• Improved Writing and Communication Skills:
• Versatile Writing Skills: The skills developed in preparing for the AP English Language exam—such as crafting persuasive arguments, analyzing complex texts, and synthesizing information—are applicable across all academic disciplines. These skills will enhance your performance in other AP courses, college classes, and beyond.
• Effective Communication: Strong writing and communication skills are essential in almost every career. By excelling in the AP English Language exam, you lay the foundation for clear, persuasive, and effective communication in professional settings.
• Preparation for Future Academic Challenges:
• Critical Thinking: The exam’s emphasis on analysis and argumentation helps develop critical thinking skills that are crucial for success in college and life. These skills will enable you to tackle complex problems, make informed decisions, and engage thoughtfully with diverse perspectives.
• Confidence in Writing: Successfully preparing for and passing the AP English Language exam builds confidence in your ability to express ideas clearly and persuasively. This confidence will serve you well in future writing-intensive courses and any situation where strong communication is key.
• Long-Term Benefits:
• Career Readiness: The ability to analyze information critically and communicate effectively is highly sought after in virtually every profession. Whether you pursue a career in law, business, journalism, or any other field, the skills honed through the AP English Language course will be invaluable.
• Lifelong Learning: The analytical and rhetorical skills you develop while studying for the AP English Language exam foster a mindset of lifelong learning. You’ll be better equipped to understand and engage with the complex

Rostrum Education offers a comprehensive and personalized approach to helping students excel in the AP English Language and Composition exam. With a team of seasoned educators who are experts in English and rhetoric, Rostrum provides tailored study plans that focus on each student’s unique needs. Through one-on-one tutoring sessions, students receive targeted instruction on key topics such as rhetorical analysis, essay writing, and critical reading strategies. Rostrum’s educators work closely with students to refine their writing skills, offering detailed feedback on practice essays and helping them develop strong, persuasive arguments.

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