phd student visa usa

• Get Dream Job

5 Visa Options International PhD Students Must Know To Work In The U.S.A.

Written by Arunodoy Sur, PhD

Like most PhD students preparing to graduate, I started applying for jobs early.

I felt lucky to receive some positive responses right away.

In a very short period of time, I had interviews lined up with 4 different companies.

I went through multiple rounds of interviews, and even reached the stage of salary negotiation in 3 of these cases.

It all seemed to be going well.

Being proactive was paying off and now I was going to have a new job lined up before graduation.

It didn’t take long for all 3 companies to retract their job offers.

All with similar vague and robotic responses that they decided to go a different route.

I thought I was a shoe-in for at least one of them!

I had received positive feedback from every person I met and I followed all the proper interview etiquette, down to the personalized thank-you letter.

I had done everything right.

Meanwhile, graduation was just around the corner and anxiety was building around my immigration status.

The immigration law states that international students attending school in the U.S. must have full-time employment within 90 days of graduation.

Three months might sound like ample time — but it’s not.

Getting a response after submitting your industry resume , going through multiple rounds of interviews, and then eventually receiving a job offer often takes much longer than 3 months.

I frantically applied to more positions and networked as much as possible with industry professionals.

Fortunately, about a month after my graduation, I caught my break and landed a job.

I accepted the offer even though it wasn’t my first choice and the starting salary was lower than what I would have preferred.

But waiting wasn’t an option, given the 60 days I had left, and I couldn’t risk holding off and looking into other companies with the immigration laws looming overhead.

I didn’t realize that the reason offers were retracted or withheld was because I was an international student.

The employers did not want to deal with the hassle of additional immigration paperwork when they could hire someone equally as qualified with American citizenship.

I might have been the right choice, but I was the harder choice, so someone else got the job.

Getting chosen over a U.S. citizen — or someone with established permission to work in the U.S. — is an uphill climb.

It’s so much easier for companies to go with a simple hire without the paper trail process they perceive as being time-consuming and uncertain.

My story is not unique.

It has been 3 years since I graduated.

I do not regret the first industry job I accepted but I wish someone had prepared me for the challenges I would face as an international student.

Why International PhDs Must Know Visa Policy

According to a report by the Global Cities Initiative in 2014 , the number of foreign students on F1 (student) visas in U.S. colleges and universities grew dramatically from 110,000 in 2001 to 524,000 in 2012, two-thirds of which study STEM and business fields.

45% of foreign student graduates extend their visas in order to remain in the same area as they studied.

And the trends show that international students can provide benefit to key metropolitan areas and can strengthen local economies.

Each fiscal year, the Migration Policy Institute reported that 55,000 diversity visas — otherwise known as green cards — are made available as part of a lottery system.

The demand for lottery visas is always much higher than the amount that are made available.

Like any lottery, the odds are not guaranteed and often slim.

In the 2016 program, close to 11.4 million qualified applicants were registered for the lottery, a 21% increase from the prior year.

Sound overwhelming?

You are not alone.

There are thousands of PhDs in your shoes, wanting to transition out of academia but struggling with visa requirements.

As a foreign PhD student, you have benefits that you need to leverage along with your knowledge of immigration policy.

Treat this like one of your courses you need to master so you can present yourself in the best light.

You have to arm yourself with knowledge.

Know your options.

Know your facts.

Get professional advice.

Only then can you start to properly prepare and strategize for your career transition.

If you want a company to sponsor you for a visa, you need to show that you are above and beyond any other available candidate.

You need to leverage your value to the company in ways that make your immigration status seem trivial.

Do the homework for them in terms of what visa you will need and the process that is involved.

Make it easy for them to hire you.

5 Visa And Citizenship Options For International PhDs

The American immigration process is not for the faint of heart or the impatient.

It’s an established system placed under high demand and strict policy.

This adds stress and frustration to your graduation process because it is so uncertain.

Multiple visa options exist and trying to sift through the best approach for you requires diligence, professional advice, and strategy.

The details of the steps and time taken to complete them will vary based on what kinds of jobs you apply for, whether you have relatives in the U.S., and which country you come from.

You should always seek help from legal professionals to ensure successful completion of immigration procedures.

Here are 5 of the most common visa options international PhD students must know to help get an early advantage while focusing on your career transition …

If you came to the U.S. as a graduate student, you must have started out on an F1 visa, also known as a student visa.

Once you are close to graduating from your program, you should apply for OPT (Optional Professional Training) through your school’s international student services office in order to be permitted to stay and work in the U.S.

The average time required to get an OPT from the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is 1-2 months.

IMPORTANT: Be careful when you apply to maximize the number of days that you have available following graduation.

Keep in mind that you will need to find full-time employment within 90 days of the start date printed on your OPT card.

Best case scenario is that you have something lined up before you graduate and are conscious of your start date.

You can find more detailed information about OPT at the USCIS website.

2. F1-OPT extension.

Your OPT will typically be valid for 12 months.

Those who graduate from an American university STEM program are eligible to apply for an extension of OPT if they have not already applied for another visa status.

Prior to May 10th, 2016 this extension was only valid for 17 months but has since been increased to 24 months.

In order to be eligible for this extension, you have to meet two criteria.

First, you should be employed in a field associated with your field of study, and second, your employer should be enrolled in the e-verify program.

Find out more details about the e-verify program and even check if a company is registered in this program here .

3. J1 visa.

This will be your most likely visa status if you decide to do a postdoc in academia after your PhD.

The official term used for this category is “work-and-study-based exchange visitor programs” and is reserved for non-profit or educational institutions.

Your institution must be accredited with the Exchange Visitor Program through the U.S. State Department.

Multiple programs exist and qualify under the J1 visa and the application must be sponsored by the institution.

The university where you are doing your postdoctoral research will apply for your J1 visa to the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Educational Cultural Affairs.

4. H1B visa.

This category of visa will typically be your option if you start a job in industry after your PhD , while you are still on OPT.

Your employer, whether in industry or academia, will have to sponsor your application for H1B to the USCIS.

Although you can get H1B through both academic and non-academic jobs, there are a few differences between them.

The H1B offered to academic positions, such as international postdoctoral scholars, falls under the cap-exempt H1B.

In order to be eligible for cap-exempt H1B, you should be employed by a “not-for-profit institution of higher education”, which covers all employees of universities.

The first obvious difference — as suggested by the name — is that there is no cap/quota in the number of applications, unlike non-academic H1B submitted through private companies.

As a result, you will not have to go through a lottery to be selected if you are a postdoc and your application is submitted by the university.

However, H1B offered by academia does not allow you to switch directly to employers in industry.

If you want to join a company after a few years as a postdoc, and you have a cap-exempt H1 visa, you will need to go through the lottery.

IMPORTANT: The cap for H1B visas is often reached within days.

The lottery requires further screening of relevant documents and waiting at least a few months to receive your approval from USCIS before you can officially receive H1B and become eligible to work for your employer.

5. Green card.

A green card gives you a more permanent status compared to J1 or H1 visas and it also makes it a lot easier to change jobs.

Everything else is a temporary fix for your immigration woes that can serve to extend your time while you work towards this.

Once you have a green card, your next employer will not have to do any immigration paperwork similar to what they will need to do to hire a professional on H1B.

There are several pathways to securing a green card, and exploring all the possibilities are beyond the scope of this article.

But the vast majority of STEM PhDs generally take two possible routes to securing a green card: the EB-1 or EB-2 category.

The EB-1 category is further divided into the following two types: EB-1A for extraordinary ability and EB-1B for applicants who can be classified as outstanding researchers.

Depending upon your professional track record, you can be eligible for either as a science PhD.

The advantage of EB-1 is that it has a much shorter waiting time compared to EB-2.

EB-2 visas are given to professionals who are employed full-time in the U.S. and have an advanced degree (Master’s degree or higher).

PhDs will qualify for this category and generally, your employer will have to file the application on your behalf.

As a STEM PhD, it is possible to apply for a residency from either a J1 or H1 status.

However, according to most legal professionals, there are some advantages for filing for permanent residence (green card) while on H1B status rather than when on J1.

Irrespective of which category you fall under and what route you wish to take, the process of applying for and securing a green card requires you to fulfill much more than just having a PhD and the outcome is hard to predict.

It is also expensive, complex, and time-consuming.

As with all of these options, professional legal advice is invaluable before pursuing a green card.

International PhDs do not have an easy ride to full-time employment. You will have to go that extra mile to prove you have what it takes to be the perfect job candidate. Give yourself the time to network and strategize your job search. On top of this, make sure to do your research about the types of visa options available to you. By knowing this information before graduation, you are taking the onus away from the employer to figure out what they need to do to hire you. Speak with a lawyer and start early. You are an incredibly talented PhD, so do not let bureaucracy stand in the way of your transition.

If you’re ready to start your transition into industry, you can apply to book a free Transition Call with our founder Isaiah Hankel, PhD or one of our Transition Specialists.  Apply to book a Transition Call here.

Hi, I'm Isaiah Hankel, PhD

I am CEO of Cheeky Scientist, the world's premier career training platform for PhDs. If you want free insights on resumes, LinkedIn, interviewing, careers and more, just enter your details below.

Get Free Job Search Content Weekly *

Free insights into industry resumes, interview questions and top careers for PhDs.

ABOUT ARUNODOY SUR, PHD

Arunodoy is a Ph.D. in Integrative Biology and has training in intellectual property, entrepreneurship, and venture capitalism. He also has experience with global biotechnology and biopharmaceutical companies, including clinical trial consulting. Arunodoy is passionate about the translation of academic research to the real world and commercialization of scientific innovation so that it can help solve problems and benefit people. He possesses in-depth understanding of both technological and commercial aspects associated with the life science industry.

Here's What Others Are Saying

"I'm excited to share that I'm starting a new position as Senior Filed Application Scientist at NanoString Technologies, Inc.!"

Alex Woychek

Senior Field Application Scientist

at NanoString Technologies, Inc.

"I signed the offer today! I am will be working as a technical support manager - it is what you call a field scientist within Cheeky. I am super excited and already feel welcomed!"

Maria Terra Terra

Technical Support Manager

"I am happy to share that I have started a new position!....I look forward to learning from experience colleagues and apply the"

Augustina Kwesie Osabutey

Water/Wastewater Engineer

at Barr Engineering Group

"I am happy to share I am starting a new position!"

Kamrul Hansen

Principal Scientist - Analytical Technology

at Servier Pharmaceuticals

"I am THRILLED to share that I am starting a new position... my sincerest thanks and gratitude to all the inspirational people who've I met along the way in my journey as an aspiring MSL, who helped make this happen."

Leandra Mangieri

Medical Science Liaison

at Allergan Aesthetics

"I want to notify you I have gotten an industry position...Thank you and Cheeky Scientist for the lessons which made my job search strategy and CV more competitive."

Michael Dioha

Senior Energy System Analyst

at Clean Air Task Force

"I'm happy to share that I'm starting a new position!"

Norhaziland Mohamed Zaid

Senior Development Scientist

"Good news...I've secured a job! Thank you for your support during the job search process and for giving me the courage to transition from academia to industry."

Marlyn Brookins

Regulatory Submissions Coordinator

"One thing I feel I did great was joining the association as a Diamond member. Modules and Classes helped me to prepare ahead of the search- to do and to go right. The other useful thing was the accountability forum....your classes and modules really helped me to believe in myself and have confidence in myself. I value myself as a PhD. I gave a shot for a senior scientist position, and got one!"

Nabina Paudyal

Senior Computational Scientist

at Colossal Biosciences

"I picked the Planet job! It ended up being the better fit for me... Thanks for all of your help!"

Emily Martin

Hardware Systems Engineer

"A new chapter begins! I'm thrilled to launch Wenwirth Scientific, where sincere meets creativity with a mission to make medical communication more engaging, impactful, and effective. I am ready to bring game-changing ideas to help you unleash the power of words and medicine. Many thanks to those who have supported me in this journey, I can't wait to work with you and start serving the healthcare community and patients."

Huey Wen Lee

Creative Medical Communications

at Wenworth Scientific

"I'm happy to share that I'm starting a new position as Founder at Relearning Earning!""

James Wadsworth

at Relearning Earning

"I'm excited to share that I am starting a new position as Senior Research and Development Engineer at CORMETECH!"

Carlos Garcia

Senior Research And Development Enginee

at CORMETECH

"'....all the modules and associates really helped me understand the job and interview aspects really well. Meera specially helped me a lot prepare for the 8 interviews (written, analytical, on-site, assessments). She was very prompt in responding to my questions and concerns and really helped me keep my morale whenever I felt I might loose this position.... This is something I was looking for in a job so it is perfect for me."

Haymanti Bhanot

at Elsevier

"I'm excited to announce that I have accepted a position as an Innovations Analyst at Cleveland Clinic. Looking forward to using my background to help commercialize healthcare innovations!"

Innovations Analyst

at Cleveland Clinic

Similar Articles

5 Miscalculations That Are Holding You Hostage In Academia

By: isaiah hankel, phd.

As a PhD student, I felt more and more lost the closer I came to graduation. That’s because I had started to doubt that I knew what I wanted anymore. You could say I was torn, but that would be an understatement. I was absolutely wracked with indecision. My original plan had been to continue on in academia.  I was going to apply for a postdoc.  Then on to Assistant Professor.  And so on. However, I was starting to see a real pattern emerge among the PhD graduates I knew. I liked to check in periodically with those colleagues and…

Is Cheeky Scientist A Scam? Who Shouldn't Join The Association

Is Cheeky Scientist a scam?   Has anyone here had any experience with the Cheeky Scientist Association? Is Cheeky Scientist worth it?  What’s the deal with Cheeky Scientist? Is Cheeky Scientist legit? PhDs are trained to be critical.  In academia and in life, every decision they’re faced with is made with extreme prejudice. Examining facts, collecting resources, and determining what is a trustworthy source of information is one of their biggest strengths.  PhDs have superior critical thinking skills, so it makes sense for them to carefully consider any investment – even if it’s an investment in themselves. And in almost every…

Should You Delete Your PhD From Your Resume? The Answer May Surprise You

If you have a PhD, you’re overqualified for an industry job. PhDs are lab rats and can’t understand business. You can’t get a job without industry experience. Do any of these sentences sound familiar to you? Have you been looking for an industry job unsuccessfully and have reached a point where you ask yourself if your PhD has any value whatsoever? These sentences are myths, commonly said by either academics who don’t understand anything about industry, or by other job candidates who don’t want to compete with PhDs. Hiring managers for PhD-level industry positions want the best candidates possible. After…

4 Skills PhDs Have That Employers Are Desperately Seeking

The number of PhDs wanting to transition out of academia increases every year. Initially, most of these PhDs were recent graduates and postdocs.  But as the crisis in academia has gotten worse, we are seeing a lot of adjunct and even tenured professors wanting to leave. They feel professionally unfulfilled in academic positions because they are overworked, work in uninspiring roles, and/or are paid marginal academic stipends, fellowships, and wages.  Far too many PhDs are unable to find any meaning or joy in their academic careers, which negatively impacts both their professional and personal lives. Unfortunately, many of these PhDs end up…

The Exciting (or, Dreadful) First 90 Days Of A New Job. Here's What To Expect

Like many PhDs, I thought I could jump into my first industry position ready to hit the ground running. Much to my surprise, this was not the case.   During the first few months of my new position, I felt like I was drowning. Everything I thought I knew about my field, how research is conducted, and how companies operate was turned on its head. I was not prepared for this major shift, and it showed. I waivered between trying to impress my managers and sitting mute in meetings, intimidated by everyone in the room. If I had known what…

The Inside Scoop On The Industry Onboarding Process

Nothing could prepare me for the shock I received walking into my first industry onboarding experience. Literally, everything was different from what I had experienced in academia. The processes, the culture, the pace – absolutely everything. I also had no idea what onboarding meant. I heard the word tossed around but, to me, it was just the process you went through to get all the mandatory paperwork out of the way. That was so far from the truth. My first onboarding experience lasted almost 6 months. Yet, throughout that whole process, I had no idea that I was still being…

The One Productivity Hack Every PhD Needs To Get Hired In Industry

If your job search isn’t producing results, perhaps you’re doing too little. Or, just as likely, you’re doing too much… too much of the wrong things. You may think “If I just spent more hours of the day searching and applying for jobs, I’m sure to land a job eventually.” But investing more time into a job search without a strategy is time wasted. An effective job search strategy is one that conserves our most precious resource: our mental energy.   Protecting your mental energy is the one productivity hack that every PhD needs to get hired in industry. As…

3 Factors PhDs Must Consider When Deciding Company Fit

If you recently started your job search, you probably feel the pressure of proving that you’re a good fit for the industry roles you’re applying to.  You have to carefully craft your cover letter, resume, and LinkedIn profile, and prepare for countless interviews just to prove you’re  qualified for a position.  This pressure can make you feel that employers hold all the power, and the only thing that matters is convincing them that you’re the best candidate for the role. Don’t let this pressure make you neglect other key components of a successful career, like company fit.  You’ll likely accept…

8 Work Qualities PhDs Should Assess When Planning A Career Move

If you have a PhD, you’re among the 2% of the population who has committed to push a field of knowledge forward.  That makes you one of the most innovative people in the world. This is something special. As such, you deserve to work in a position where your tenacity and ability to solve problems are out of good use. Where you feel satisfied and are rewarded for your job. That’s why I encourage all PhDs to look for an industry position, because academia is a dead end where dreams go to die. However, you have to be strategic when…

Our Members Get Hired At Top Industry Companies

Top Industry Career eBooks

63 Best Industry Positions For PhDs

Isaiah hankel, phd & arunodoy sur, phd.

Learn about the best 63 industry careers for PhDs (regardless of your academic background). In this eBook, you will gain insight into the most popular, highest-paying jobs for PhDs – all of which will allow you to do meaningful work AND get paid well for it.

Industry Resume Guide for PhDs

Isaiah hankel, phd.

Learn how to craft the perfect industry resume to attract employers. In this eBook for PhDs, you will get access to proven resume templates, learn how to structure your bullet points, and discover which keywords industry employers want to see most on PhD resumes.

AI & ATS Resume Filters

Isaiah hankel.

In today's competitive job market, understanding the impact of AI is crucial for career success. This involves ensuring your resume stands out in the digital realm, mastering your online presence, and being aware of how AI assigns reputation scores. Discovering how to leverage AI to your advantage is essential, as it plays a pivotal role in shaping professional opportunities.

Complete LinkedIn Guide For PhDs

The LinkedIn tips & strategies within have helped PhDs from every background get hired into top industry careers.

5 Best US Visa Options For PhD Holders

by Gertrude Nonterah PhD | Nov 6, 2021

What’s the best US visa for PhD holders who are non-US citizens but want to work in the US?

For most international PhD students, there might not be family to depend on if you don’t land a job right after graduation. Thus finding work is crucial. But to find work , you need the right work visa – something that can literally be the reason why despite your qualifications, an organization may not offer you a role.

Needless to say, this can cause a lot of anxiety for an international PhD.

How do I know? Because, once upon a time, this was my story!

So if you’re drawing close to the end of your studies and are feeling some anxiety over this, trust me, you’re not alone.

I’ve talked about how I successfully adjusted my status from being an F1 international student to becoming a permanent resident. I did this through the Employment Based National Interest Waiver program for advanced degree holders.

There are however, other visa options you can explore as an international PhD student.

We’ll cover five of the best work visa options for international PhDs in this post. I’ll also touch on which work visa may be best depending on your long-term goals.

Want to watch this as a video? Click on the play button below.

Looking for the best US visa for PhD holders? Consider these five below.

Optional Practical Training for F1 international students

As an international student, you get twelve months of optional practical training (OPT) for each level of education you complete after graduation. If you are a student in STEM, you can apply to extend your OPT by 24 months after the original twelve. This provides you with a total of three years within which you can work legally.

I think this is a such a great opportunity especially if you want to gain some work experience in the US after school.

O-1 Visa for Individuals with Extraordinary Ability

According to the USCIS website, the O-1 visa is a non-immigrant visa for individuals who possess extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, business, education, athletics or in the film industry. These achievements should have been recognized nationally or internationally.

The USCIS approves the O-1 visa for three years and then you can renew it each year after that for as long as you need to. The drawback however is that because the O-1 is a non-immigrant visa, you are not considered a permanent resident of the US. Thus, you may not necessarily be on the path to citizenship. If this is not your long-term goal, this could be an excellent visa type for you. However, if it is your plan to later on become a citizen of the US, I recommend another visa type like the EB1 or EB2/NIW visa which I’ll touch on later.

The H1-B visa is another non-immigrant visa category that applies to individuals working in specialty occupations in the United States. Each year, the H1-B program has a cap of 65,000 visas. Of course, more people than that apply to the program. Thus there is a “lottery” system where the government randomly picks the recipients of these visas. An additional 20,000 H1-B visas are reserved for individuals with a master’s degree or higher from a US institution. This is exempt from the cap.

If you work at an accredited higher education institution or non-profit research or government organization, you can apply for an H1-B as well and be exempt from the H1-B cap.

The drawback to this visa type is that you need an US employer to get it and maintain it.

If you lose your job while on an H1-B, usually, this also means you lose your visa status or else you would need to find an employer willing to “transfer” your visa.

This happened to a colleague of mine once, and it was a very stressful time for him and his family.

Employment-Based (EB) Visa Categories

The “EB” visa categories are in my estimation, the best if you intend on becoming a permanent resident in the US.

The other great thing about this category is that you don’t necessarily need an employer to file one on your behalf. You can self-petition for this visa category within or from outside the United States as long as you satisfy the requirements.

As an international PhD, you can either file under the EB1-Extraordinary Ability category or under the EB2-National Interest Waiver category.

Both of these have immigrant intent. Once you file it successfully and the government approves your case, you become a permanent resident of the US.

The EB1 visa is similar to the O-1 visa in that you have to prove to the government that you have extraordinary ability in your field that has merited national or international acclaim.

The EB2 visa category will require that you prove that your work – usually your research – is of national importance.

In my opinion, this is the most suitable US visa for PhD holders who plan on saying in the US long-term.

So far, most of the visa types I’ve mentioned fit very well if you received a PhD in the United States.

If you received your PhD from a country outside the US and you plan on doing academic research, a visa option you may consider is the J-1 visa.

The USCIS considers this visa type, an “exchange visitor” program for the purpose of international scholars and experts to exchange knowledge with colleagues in the United States.

If you need to adjust your status to another visa type while on the J-1 visa, it is likely that you might have to return your home country to do so.

The best US visa for PhD holders: it’s different for everyone

Choosing the best US visa as a PhD holder depends on your goals and your situation.

I’ve known international students who have immediately left the US after graduation.

Some have stayed and worked for a while and then either relocated home or to another country.

For some, the goal might be to work and live in the US permanently.

There is a visa path for each one of these options. So I encourage you to ask yourself some deep questions on what your long-term goals are as you select a visa path.

For more information on each of the visa types, visit the links below.

• Optional Practical Training for F1 Students
• Employment-Based Categories ( EB1 and EB2 )

Each weekly issue of The Bold Career Newsletter contains helpful tools and strategies to help you grow your career as a PhD. Click the button below to get it in your inbox.

How to Apply for a U.S. Student Visa: 8 Key Steps

Attending college in the United States, whether at the graduate or undergraduate level, offers many strategic benefits to international students. But, studying in the U.S. requires more than simply making the decision to do so: There is a process that must be followed. One of the most important—and often one of the most intimidating—parts of that process is applying for a student visa that will allow you to study in the United States. 

Are you considering attending a U.S. college or university to earn your degree? Below, we explore the different types of student visas available to you, outline the key steps involved in applying for your student visa, and offer some tips that can help you make the process easier and less stressful.

Determining which student visa is right for you

Before studying in the U.S. as an international student, you must apply for and receive a U.S. student visa. By receiving a student visa, you are allowed to temporarily reside in the U.S. for the purposes of completing your education. 

According to the U.S. Department of State , there are three different types of U.S. student visas available to international students, each better suited to different circumstances: the F-1 visa, the M-1 visa, and the J-1 Visa.

The F-1 visa is the one most international students will need to attend either high school or college in the U.S. This includes language training programs and applies to both graduate and undergraduate studies. If you would like to earn your degree from a U.S. institution, this is the visa for you.

The M-1 visa is required for international students who will be attending a vocational or other nonacademic institution, such as a trade school. These programs are typically career-focused and are often short-term. 

The J-1 visa is required for any international student who wishes to enter the U.S. in order to participate in an exchange visitor program, such as those who are spending a semester studying abroad or interning in the U.S. If you want to spend a semester or two studying abroad in the U.S., this is the visa you should apply for.

It is important to note that international students cannot study in the U.S. with a visitor visa or as a part of the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) . 

Steps to Applying for a U.S. Student Visa

1. apply for—and be admitted to—an american university..

In order to apply for your U.S. student visa, you must first apply to and be accepted by a U.S. college or university. 

This means that as soon as you know you would like to study in the United States, you should begin researching potential universities and find the school that best aligns with your personal and career goals . We typically recommend choosing a program that features industry-sourced faculty, challenging academics, and plenty of opportunities for experiential learning, such as co-ops and internships . 

Learn More : How to Organize  Your Grad School Search

It is also important to note that the school must be certified by the Student Exchange and Visitor Program (SEVP) . You can search a database of these schools here . 

Once you have been admitted to a U.S.-based university, you can begin the visa application process. You must receive your visa before your program officially starts, but the earliest that you can receive your visa is 120 days prior to the program’s official start date. 

2. Obtain a Form I-20 from your college or university.

Upon acceptance to a university, international students seeking their F-1 visa will receive a Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status (typically referred to as a Form I-20 ) from their school. 

This form will be signed by your designated school official (DSO) and must also be signed by you. A parent signature is required for students under the age of 18. If you intend to bring any eligible dependents with you during your academic studies (such as children), you must receive a Form I-20 for each of them as well. 

3. Submit the I-901 SEVIS fee payment.

After receiving your Form I-20, you will be required to pay the I-901 Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) fee. At a cost of $350 for F-1 and M-1 visa applicants, this fee is required of all student visa applicants and is used to cover the costs of processing each application. 

Unless you reside in a few select countries (Cameroon, Gambia, Ghana, or Kenya, or Nigeria), you can pay the I-901 SEVIS fee online using a credit card by visiting FMJFee.com . Those residing in one of the countries listed above will be required to pay by money order, certified check, or Western Union money transfer.

To pay the I-901 SEVIS fee, you will need to provide the following information, so be sure to gather any required forms before beginning the process:

• Your name, address, and date of birth
• Your email address
• Your country of birth and your country of citizenship (if different)
• The School Code listed on your Form I-20
• The SEVIS Identification number provided on the Form I-20

Because you must bring proof of payment to your visa interview appointment (a step you’ll take later in the process), it is important that you print your payment confirmation page. It is also important to keep in mind that the I-901 SEVIS Fee is different from your visa application fee, which you will be required to pay later in the application process. 

4. Find the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate.

Once you have paid the I-901 SEVIS Fee, you can begin preparing for your visa interview. Since this interview must take place at a U.S. embassy or consulate in your home country, you should start this preparation by identifying the location closest to you. Depending on your country or region, the embassy may be a significant distance from your home, so you should choose a location that you know you will be able to reach for your interview.

You should start by identifying the location because you will need to list this embassy when you submit your DS-160 Application Form (below). If you don’t know which location you will be applying to, you may make a mistake while completing your form, which you will then need to correct.

You can search the U.S. Department of State’s database to find the embassy closest to you. 

5. Complete the Form DS-160 visa application.

Form DS-160 is also known as the Online Nonimmigrant Visa Application Form, and it is something that you must complete in order to apply for your student visa. Your answers on this form must be submitted in English.

It is critical that you answer each question on this form completely, accurately, and truthfully, or else you may need to correct your file, adding additional time to the process that you may not have. For this reason, be sure that you have gathered your passport, a visa photograph, and your completed Form I-20. 

Other information you may be required to supply (depending on the agreement your country has with the U.S.) includes your travel itinerary, the dates of your last five visits to the U.S. (if you have visited in the past), and/or a record of your other international travel history. 

As noted above, you will indicate which embassy or consulate you plan to visit to conduct your visa interview on this form.

After completing Form DS-160, be sure to print the barcode page, as you will need to bring this with you to your visa interview. 

6. Schedule a visa interview at your chosen consulate or embassy.

Upon completion of Form DS-160, you should contact the U.S. embassy or consulate which you indicated on the form and schedule your visa interview. Because wait times can vary substantially from country to country and from embassy to embassy, it is important to contact them as quickly as possible to ensure that you will be seen. Depending on how far you will need to travel to attend the interview, you may need to make travel arrangements, so be sure to factor this into your budgeting and scheduling.

After scheduling your interview, you will be required to pay the Visa Application Fee. Some embassies will require you to pay this fee before attending your interview, while others may not. If your embassy does require you to pay beforehand, be sure to bring proof of payment to your actual interview. This fee is $160 . 

7. Attend the interview.

The visa interview is the final procedural step involved in obtaining your student visa, and it is also one of the most important. 

When you attend the interview, be sure to bring any forms or documentation which may be required, including your:

• Printed DS-160 barcode page
• Printed I-901 SEVIS Fee confirmation page
• Visa application fee payment confirmation page

Specific embassies may require additional documents, so be sure to determine what else you may be required to bring before your visit.

And what about the interview itself? 

“The questions that they are going to ask you will mainly be focused on your reason for wanting to enter the United States,” says Allison Hogan, assistant director of customer service for the Office of Global Services at Northeastern University. “They might ask general questions about what university you will be attending, what degree you will be pursuing, where you will be staying, and so on, so that they can better understand your purpose for traveling to the U.S.”

The more detailed and accurate you can be in your answers, the better: “The more information you are able to give, the faster the process will go and the less likely you are to hit roadblocks along the way.”

Following the interview, if you have been approved for a visa then you will be required to leave your passport with the embassy, which will later return it to you with your student visa. 

8. Pay the visa issuance fee.

Depending on your country and the reciprocity agreement that it has in place with the U.S., you may be required to pay an issuance fee in order to finally receive your visa. This fee, if required, will vary by country. 

Some final advice to help you through the visa process

While the process of applying for your U.S. student visa can be a long and sometimes complicated process, there are steps that you can take to increase your chances of success.  Hogan specifically recommends that applicants practice patience.

“If you really want to study in the U.S. and earn a particular degree, you should absolutely go for it,” she says. “Just make sure that you are being very careful in following all of the steps and instructions so that the process goes as quickly as possible.”

She notes that applicants should be sure to make use of all of the resources available to them from the college or university that they will be attending, which can be substantial.

“We are constantly learning from our students about what the process of applying for a visa is like and how it differs from country to country,” she says. “ With everything we learn from our students, we are better equipped to guide people through the process.”

Jessica Perolio, director of Academic Services and Student Support at Northeastern’s Office of Global Services , agrees, adding, “Because we have such a large international student population, there is a really robust structure of resources that Northeastern offers to students. We are able to assist students in areas beyond the application process like finding housing, adjusting to academics and cultural differences, and other aspects of transitioning to American student life.”

Are you an international student interested in studying at Northeastern University? Contact the Office of Global Services to speak with a member of the team who can answer your questions.

Editor’s Note: This post was originally published in December 2019. It has since been updated for accuracy and relevance.

Subscribe below to receive future content from the Graduate Programs Blog.

About shayna joubert, related articles.

5 Benefits of Studying in the U.S. for International Students

Studying in the USA: A Guide for International Students

Tips for International Graduate Students

Did you know.

Advanced degree holders earn a salary an average 25% higher than bachelor's degree holders. (Economic Policy Institute, 2021)

Northeastern University Graduate Programs

Explore our 200+ industry-aligned graduate degree and certificate programs.

Most Popular:

Tips for taking online classes: 8 strategies for success, public health careers: what can you do with an mph, 7 international business careers that are in high demand, edd vs. phd in education: what’s the difference, 7 must-have skills for data analysts, in-demand biotechnology careers shaping our future, the benefits of online learning: 8 advantages of online degrees, how to write a statement of purpose for graduate school, the best of our graduate blog—right to your inbox.

Stay up to date on our latest posts and university events. Plus receive relevant career tips and grad school advice.

By providing us with your email, you agree to the terms of our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Keep Reading:

Top Higher Education Conferences To Attend in 2024

Grad School or Work? How To Balance Both

Is a Master’s in Computer Science Worth the Investment?

Should I Go to Grad School: 4 Questions To Consider

Office of Global Services

PhD Students

Georgetown’s classrooms and academic life benefit from an exceptionally talented community of international doctoral students. In addition to the many University resources available to our international Hoyas in F-1 and J-1 status, the PhD website and Frequently Asked Questions provide targeted information to help students maintain legal status and maximize immigration benefits as they pursue their unique academic and professional objectives.

Considerations for F-1/J-1 PhD Students

    f-1 status.

• The majority of Georgetown doctoral students study in F-1 status.
• Students who apply for F-1 work authorization after completion of the dissertation remain in F-1 status while waiting for their authorization to be approved and throughout the 12-month OPT (and when applicable the 24-month STEM OPT) period.
• Doctoral students in F-1 status receive a Form I-20 for 7 years. The document is always shortened when a student defends earlier than expected.
• It is the student’s obligation to contact OGS if the source of funding changes during the period. OGS does not search out the student to present new documentation at the end of the five-year funding period.
• Extending beyond the 7-year period is rare, however, if there are extraordinary circumstances beyond a student’s control, the justification must be presented by the dissertation advisor in writing and the student must submit sufficient funds to cover the length of the extension.
• OGS only keeps F-1 records and related documents for 3 years following completion of studies or any post-completion work authorization period. It is essential that students safeguard their immigration documents with their other government documents.
• F-1 students must enroll in the normative credit requirement on record with the GSAS for their program of study. As part of that normative courseload requirement, only one course can be taken online. Students in the dissertation phase of their studies must enroll in a section of thesis research that makes them full time.

    J-1 Status

• Very few Georgetown students study in J-1 status. It is essential that students review the  F-1/J-1 Comparison Chart (PDF)  prior to selecting J-1 status.
• J-1 status is part of the Department of State’s  Exchange Visitor Program .
• Students in J-1 status are expected to take advantage of the many opportunities available to interact with Americans and learn about the United States.
• J-1 students must submit an evaluation at the end of every internship opportunity.
• Eligibility requirements and restrictions are available on the  Admitted F-1 and J-1 Students page.
• J-1 students cannot research or study abroad outside the United States and leave their SEVIS record active. This means that to return to the United States after each research or study experience would require a new immigration document and a new SEVIS 1-901 Fee. It may also impact the number of months available for Post-Completion Academic Training (AT).
• J-1 students must be authorized for each and every on-campus work position as well as all off-campus work positions. J-1 dependents are allowed to apply to the government for work authorization.
• Some J-1 students have a two-year home residence requirement before they can change their immigration status to a more permanent immigration status.
• J-1 students must enroll in the normative credit requirement on record with the GSAS for their program of study. No online courses may be counted toward the full-time courseload.
• Health insurance is required for all Exchange Visitors and their dependents. The insurance must meet the U.S. State Department’s  health insurance requirements .

    Renewing the F-1/J-1 Visa

• Students are not obligated to renew an expired visa if they do not intend to travel outside the United States. While pursuing a full course of study and making normal progress toward degree, students may remain in the United States with an expired visa stamp.
• All visas must be renewed at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate outside the United States. If you would like to renew the visa prior to its expiration, the Embassy or Consulate will generally accept an application to renew a visa that is expiring within 6 months.
• OGS recommends renewing the visa in the student’s home country to avoid any distress if there is a delay in processing. At the time of the consular interview to renew the visa, the consular officer will ask to see updated funding documents from either Georgetown University or the student’s personal or family funds. Bank statements from family members must be accompanied by a support letter from the person listed on the bank account.
• Students must be prepared to reiterate their nonimmigrant intent at each visa interview.
• OGS recommends bringing a letter from the department confirming the student is making normal progress toward degree completion if renewing a visa after year 5.
• OGS recommends bringing an unofficial transcript to show full-time enrollment each semester.
• Some students wish to renew their expired visas in Canada. Students must check the Canadian website to see if a visa is required to enter Canada as a tourist for the interview at the US embassy. They must also check the U.S. Embassy in Canada website to see if visa applications are considered by citizens of the student’s country.

    Work Authorization

• All off-campus paid and unpaid positions require work authorization prior to the start of the internship/training.
• All GU-funded students with service obligations need a Social Security Number (SSN).
• All first-year students who do not have an SSN but have been awarded a Georgetown non-service stipend will need an ITIN for taxes. To apply for an ITIN, you should wait to file your federal tax return via Sprintax (promo codes available from OGS mid-February to mid-April). Sprintax will assist with preparing your ITIN application in tandem with your federal tax return. Please review our Tax Website for more information .
• Students with a non-service stipend are not permitted to work on-campus, in paid or unpaid positions.
• Students with a service stipend are restricted to a  combined total  of 20 hours per week, for all on- and off-campus positions.
• F-1 PhD students may work on campus without any special authorization and are limited to 20 hours per week during required academic terms. During summer vacation, there is no limit to the number of hours a student can work on campus.
• J-1 PhD students must get OGS authorization to work in each and every on-campus position. Students are limited to 20 hours per week during the academic year and may work full-time during summer vacations.
• Work for any organization other than Georgetown requires authorization prior to beginning the internship/training. Working without proper authorization jeopardizes a student’s legal status.
• Work with an International Organization (IO) is a specific type of off-campus authorization available to students who wish to work with one of the approved international organizations. While an excellent alternative to CPT, the timing is always complicated because these applications are adjudicated by USCIS and take 3-4 months for approval. Students cannot work until they have the application is approved and they have received the Employment Authorization Document (EAD).
• Optional Practical Training (OPT) (3-4 month processing with USCIS)
• Curricular Practical Training (CPT) (Please review our Work Authorization processing times .)
• Work with an International Organization (IO) (3-4 month processing with USCIS)
• CPT is highly scrutinized by the U.S. government. Students may enroll in internship courses up to 3 times if new skills are being learned each time.
• Many doctoral students use CPT during the program of study if the work is required for completion of the dissertation. In these cases, there is no course enrollment and no limit to the number of times a student can apply for CPT. However, a justification letter is required from the dissertation advisor for each authorization period.
• Students are encouraged to keep detailed and accurate records of the work performed with each authorization to prove that it is integral to the student’s curriculum.

    Dissertation Research Abroad

• Students who wish to keep their F-1 record active and will be engaged in dissertation research abroad must report the foreign address and research dates to their IS Advisor within the first 5 days of each semester. The IS Advisor will report the research abroad in SEVIS. Students are responsible for making sure their I-20 Form has a valid travel signature at every entry to the United States. Travel signatures are valid for 12 months during the program of study. If a student needs a new travel signature while outside the United States, they must register and pay for a FedEx shipment to have the Form I-20 shipped.
• J-1 students must end their J-1 SEVIS record upon departure for any research or study abroad experience longer than 30 days.

    Living Out of the DC/MD/VA Area

• PhD students who conduct dissertation research outside the Washington, DC, metro area for more than a few weeks during the Fall or Spring semester must update their Local Off Campus address in GU Experience .

    Dependents

• Students must submit sufficient financial documentation for each of their dependents.
• Children born in the United States to F-1 or J-1 students have American citizenship and do not need a dependent Form I-20 or DS-2019.
• F-2 dependents can study part-time, can volunteer with a charitable or humanitarian organization but cannot be employed in any paid or unpaid capacity.
• J-2 dependents can study full time and apply for work authorization through USCIS. Once they receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD), J-2s may begin employment.
• Dependents are generally welcome at all University events. If you are unsure, ask!
• The Premier Plan allows for dependent coverage. The coverage is excellent but expensive.
• If your dependent makes a final departure from the United States, contact OGS to end the SEVIS record to avoid any future problems entering the United States.
• J-2 dependents cannot remain in the United States if the J-1 will be out of the country for more than 30 days. 

    Completion of Studies/Graduation

• Many students complete their doctoral degrees before the end of the 7-year Form I-20 period.
• Graduation and completion are two separate events. Graduation is the administrative conferral of the degree. Completion is either the date of the defense or the date of submission of the dissertation to the Graduate School.
• Students must contact the IS Advisor when setting a defense date.
• Students who complete before the Form I-20 end date must report their early completion to OGS and OGS is required to shorten the immigration document accordingly.
• Students who complete their program early but have a teaching or research obligation as part of their funding in the semester they complete the dissertation, will be shortened to the end of that semester.
• Students who do not have a teaching or research obligation must be shortened to either the defense date or the dissertation submission date.
• Students must declare a completion of studies date to OGS before they will be permitted to apply for post-completion work authorization.
• Students in certain fields may be eligible for the  24-Month STEM OPT Extension . Review the list of applicable programs to determine eligibility.
• View the  PhD OP T Advising Timeline .

    How to Obtain More Information

• PhD specific sessions each semester
• Appointments with IS Advisor
• OGS Employment  page
• OGS Tax  page
• Study in the States  website
• Graduate Career Modules
• J-1 Exchange Visitor  page

Questions about other special PhD considerations? What happens after year 5?  What are my responsibilities if I must depart the United States for more than 30 days for research or study abroad?

Jump to navigation

• Buildings & Facilities
• CommuterChoice
• Energy & Utilities
• Real Estate
• Sustainability
• Transit & Fleet

Departments

• Energy & Facilities
• Events Management
• Global Support Services
• Harvard Faculty Club

Harvard International Office

• Harvard Real Estate
• Harvard University Housing
• Office for Sustainability

Transportation

• Student Visa Options
• Applying for your Visa
• Transfer to Harvard and Change of Level
• Arriving in the U.S., HIO Registration, & Orientations
• New Student Welcome Guide
• Scholar Visa Types
• J-1 Transfer to Harvard
• New Scholar Welcome Guide
• J-1 Student Intern Visa
• New Student Intern Welcome Guide
• Dependent Visas
• Employment of J-2 Dependents
• Inviting Friends and Family Members to the U.S.
• Resources for Dependents
• Change of Address Form
• HIO Dependent Data Sheet
• HIO Registration Form
• Travel Signature Request Form
• F-1 OPT Application Forms
• F-1 OPT Cap Gap Request Form
• F-1 Post-Completion OPT Reporting Form
• F-1 STEM OPT Application Forms
• F-1 STEM OPT Reporting Form
• Host Program for International Students
• J-1 Academic Training Application Form
• J-1 Academic Training Evaluation Form
• J-1 On-Campus Employment Reporting Form
• Transfer-In Form For Students
• J-1 Scholar Occasional Lecture Authorization Form
• J-1 Student Intern Certification of Enrollment and Expected Degree Completion
• J-1 Student Intern Evaluation Form
• Transfer-In Form For Scholars
• HIO Notice of Extension or Departure (eNED)
• J-1 Certification of English Language Proficiency
• J-1 Student Intern Checklist
• J-1 Student Intern Intake Form
• Travel Within the U.S.
• Travel Outside the U.S.
• Travel on Post-Completion OPT, STEM OPT, or AT
• Renewing a Visa
• Issues While Traveling & Emergencies
• eShipGlobal Instructions
• Your Immigration Responsibilities
• Working in the U.S.
• F-1 Employment with an International Organization
• F-1 STEM OPT
• J-1 Academic Training
• Leave of Absence
• Leaving Harvard and Transferring Out
• Your Immigration Responsibilities (J-1 Scholars)
• Your Immigration Responsibilities (all other visas)
• J-1 Scholar Occasional Lectures & Consultations
• Scholar Extensions
• Student Intern Extensions
• Ending Your Internship
• Bank Accounts & Credit Cards
• Cell Phones
• Health Care & Insurance
• HIO Orientations
• Host Program
• J Exchange Visitor Guide
• Safety, Scams, & Identity Protection
• Spouses, Partners, & Children
• State Issued ID
• Tax Filing Overview
• FAQ for Tax Filing
• Additional Tax Resources
• Social Security Number (SSN)
• Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN)
• Academic Life
• Athletic Facilities
• Counseling Services
• Harvard's International Community
• Libraries and Museums
• On-Campus Dining
• Religious Services
• About Visa Sponsorship at Harvard
• Step 1: Academic Appointments and Funding
• Step 2: Initiate Visa Sponsorship Request
• Step 3: Informing the HIO
• Step 4: Extending Visa Status & Leaving Harvard

Types of Scholar Visas

• J-1 Research Scholar and Professor Visa
• H-1B Specialty Occupation Visa
• O-1 Extraordinary Ability Visa
• TN Visa for Canadians and Mexicans
• E-3 Visa for Australians
• Hiring International Students
• 212e and 12/24 Month Bars for J Visa Holders
• Notice of Filing of Labor Condition Applications
• Placeholder

Serving Harvard's International Community

There are several visa types that Harvard University may sponsor, depending on a multitude of factors. The most common visa type used for new and incoming scholars is the J-1 Research Scholar visa. Arrangements to sponsor alternative types of visas must be discussed with the HIO . 

The HIO advisors will determine the most appropriate visa to use for each individual scholar. The type of visa chosen depends on many factors: the source and amount of the scholar's salary or funding, the nature and duration of the appointment, how soon the appointment will begin, and whether the individual is currently in the U.S. or has recently been in the U.S. and is therefore subject to certain restrictions. Scholars must not plan to enter the U.S. without the appropriate visa documents processed by the HIO.

• Residential Dining
• Retail Dining
• Crimson Catering
• Shuttle Information
• Evening Van Service
• Living in HUH
• Graduate Commons
• Leasing/Property Management

• Exam Prep >
• Prepare for Business School >
• Business School & Careers >
• Explore Programs >
• Connect with Schools >
• How to Apply >
• Help Center >
• About the Exam
• Register for the Exam
• Plan for Exam Day
• Prep for the Exam
• About the Executive Assessment
• Register for the Executive Assessment
• Plan for Assessment Day
• Prepare for the Assessment
• NMAT by GMAC
• Shop GMAT™ Official Prep
• About GMAT™ Official Prep
• Prep Strategies
• Personalized Prep Plan
• GMAT Mini Quiz
• Executive Assessment Exam Prep
• NMAT by GMAC Exam Prep

Prepare For Business School

• Business Fundamentals
• Skills Insight

Business School & Careers

• Why Business School
• Student Experience
• Business Internships
• B-School Go
• Quiz: Are You Leadership Material?
• MBA Return on Investment (ROI) Calculator
• Estimate Your Salary
• Success Stories
• Diversity and Inclusion
• Women in Business
• Explore Programs
• Top Business School Programs
• Quiz: Which Post Graduate Program is Right for You?
• Quiz: Find the Best Program for Your Personality
• Business School Rankings
• Business Master's Programs
• MBA Programs
• Study Destinations
• Find Programs Near Me
• Find MBA Programs
• Find Master's Programs
• Find Executive Programs
• Find Online Programs

Connect with Schools

• About GradSelect
• Create a GradSelect Profile
• Prep Yourself for B-School
• Quiz: Can You Network Like An MBA?
• Events Calendar
• School Events
• GMAC Tours Events
• In-Person Events
• Online Events

How to Apply

• Apply to Programs
• The Value of Assessments
• Admissions Essays
• Letters of Recommendation
• Admissions Interviews
• Scholarships and Financing
• Quiz: What's Your Ideal Learning Style?

Help Center

• Create Account

US Graduate Student Visas Explained

Thomas Nugent - BusinessBecause

Are you an international candidate considering business schools in the United States? You must have a valid student visa before you start business school and, as an international candidate, you should get familiar with US graduate student visas—the different types of visas and how to apply—before enrolling in MBA or business master’s programs in the US.

Here’s everything you need to know:

US graduate student visas: F-1 vs J-1

To apply for a student visa, you’ll first need a valid, up-to-date passport for the duration of your degree. You’ll also need to have secured a place on a program of study in the US.

There are two types of US graduate student visa that are valid for international candidates: The F-1 visa and the J-1 visa.

The F-1 visa is the nonimmigrant graduate student visa you’ll need if you’re planning to study full-time at a US business school.

For new students, F visas can be issued up to 120 days in advance of the start date for your course; you’ll not be allowed to enter the US on your student visa more than 30 days before the start date of your course.

If you’re on an F-1 visa, you can also undertake an internship after completing at least one full academic year of study. This will likely be completed as Curricular Practical Training (CPT).

Employment for 20 hours or more a week counts as a full-time internship . You should be aware that 12 months or more of full-time CPT will eliminate your eligibility for Optional Practical Training (OPT) . OPT is often used by students to remain in the US for 12 months to work after graduation.

If you’re travelling to the US with immediate family, they will need to apply for an F-2 nonimmigrant visa, which will allow them to remain in the US for the duration of your F-1 visa.

The J-1 visa is the visa you’ll need if you’re travelling to study full-time in the US on an exchange program from another business school, typically for one or two semesters. The J-2 visa is the F-2 equivalent your dependents will need to apply for if they are travelling to the US with you.

Your visa application

Applying for an F-1 visa is a nuanced process that can vary based on the program you’re applying to, your individual circumstances, and your home country. While business schools support you, they are not directly involved in the visa application process.

The admissions team at NYU Stern recommend beginning your visa application as early as possible. At Stern, once accepted, international students receive a Form I-20 from NYU’s Office of Global Services (OGS), which proves you’re legally enrolled in a US education program, before getting to work on the visa application.

Danielle Richie, who leads admissions for the full-time MBA program at UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School , encourages candidates to go directly to source—US embassies or consulates—if they have questions about the required documentation.

“We recommend that students start the process to apply for a visa as soon as they can, which means requesting the documentation from the school needed for visa application as early as possible,” she adds. “For best possible planning, check visa wait times for the US Embassy or Consulate closest to you to find out how long it will take to get a visa appointment and how long visa processing will take.”

Your 6-step visa application

🌎 Step 1. You can start to apply for your graduate student visa as soon as you’ve been granted a place at an SEVP-approved business school. You’ll be registered for the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS ) . You’ll need to pay the I-901 SEVIS fee , which is US$350 for F visas, and US$220 for J visas.

🌎 Step 2. If you’re an F-1 visa applicant, you’ll be given a Form I-20 by your school. After completing this, you can then apply for your visa at a US Embassy or Consulate. If you have dependents travelling with you on F-2 visas, they need to also complete this process. However, they don’t need to pay the SEVIS fee. J visa applicants skip the Form I-20 stage.

🌎 Step 3. Complete your online visa application, Form DS-160 .

🌎 Step 4. Schedule a visa interview at your local US Embassy or Consulate .

🌎 Step 5. Prepare for your interview. As an F-1 visa applicant, you may be required to pay your non-refundable visa application fee before your interview. If your visa is approved, you may also pay a visa issuance fee. This varies depending on your nationality.

🌎 Step 6. Attend your interview. Your consular officer may inform you that your application requires further administrative processing after your interview. Once your visa is approved and you’ve paid your issuance fee (if required), you must make arrangements for the return of your passport and visa.

Important documents

You’ll need the following when applying for your US graduate student visa:

• Passport—this must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the US
• Nonimmigrant visa application—Form DS-160
• Application fee payment receipt, if required to pay before your interview
• Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant (F-1) student status, Form I-20

You may also need:

• Academic transcripts, diplomas, degrees, or certificates from schools you attended
• Standardized test scores required by your US school
• Your intent to depart the US upon completion of your course of study
• How you will pay all educational, living, and travel costs

Remember to keep up with the news, as the visa application process is something that can change depending on government action. “Policies can and do change, so prospective students are wise to monitor these areas during their application process,” warns Danielle of UNC Kenan-Flagler.

But don’t let the visa application process put you off. Thousands of international MBA and master’s students secure student visas each year.

The best way to ease yourself through the visa application process is to keep in regular touch with both the admissions team at your business school and your local US Embassy or Consulate.

The GMAT exam is your passport to international opportunity

Earning your best GMAT exam  score is a great way to stand out in competitive applicant pools and qualify for MBA scholarships . Do you have a GMAT prep plan that suits your individual preferences and study style? Take our short quiz and get matched to your personalized GMAT prep plan.

TAKE THE QUIZ

Thomas is an experienced writer who has written articles covering business education, management, careers, and the future of work. He earned an MA in English from the University of Aberdeen before completing an MSc in Journalism at Robert Gordon University.

Don't have an Account?

Register Now!

• International Student
• Study Centers
• Study in the USA
• Visa Options

Visa Options in the US After Graduation

If you think that you want to stay and work in the United States after completing your undergraduate degree, make sure that you know your visa requirements and restrictions. Navigating the American immigration process is often stressful and confusing because there are as many visas as there are letters in the alphabet. The eligibility requirements and legal rulings are constantly changing, which does not make the process any easier.

Here are a few of the most common options applicable to graduates looking for a post study work visa. For a full list of all non-immigrant and immigrant visas, visit VisasToUSA.com where you can view other types of visas that may be applicable to you. You will also be able to have your immigration questions answered for free via email by an immigration attorney.

Practical Training on an F1 Visa

• Non-Immigrant H3 Visa (Trainee)
• Non-Immigrant H-1B Visa Specialty Occupation
• Non-Immigrant R-1 Visa Religious Worker
• Non-Immigrant E1/E2 Visa
• Non-Immigrant L-1 Visa
• Non-Immigrant Obtaining a Green Card
• Employment Based Immigration

An F1 student is generally entitled up to one year of post-completion practical training. Authorization for this type of practical training may be granted for a maximum of 12 months and starts once you have graduated or completed your course of study.

Speak to the international students department of your university to get the necessary forms and to find out how to apply for a post study work permit. They will inform you of the different practical training options available to you. Find out about your practical training options when you start to study so you can adequately prepare for the future.In order to stay in the USA after OPT you may be able to apply for an OPT extension if you are eligible due to your field of study, i.e. STEM.

Non-Immigrant H-3 Visa (Trainee)

An H-3 trainee visa is suited to those individuals who do not have appropriate education or work experience. It is for those who would like to come to the U.S. to train in a particular field with the intention of transporting the knowledge and training back to their home country upon completion of their visa. The H-3 visa is valid for 2 years and cannot be extended or transferred to H-1B/L-1 status. To qualify for an H-3 visa, the applicant needs to secure training from a U.S. employer who has an established training program.

Non-Immigrant H-1B Visa (Specialty Occupation)

The minimum requirements for obtaining this classification are: (1) a U.S. employer to sponsor the applicant, (2) a U.S. Bachelors Degree or its equivalent, and (3) a correlation between the job duties and the applicant’s education and work experience. In addition to the above requirements, it is also necessary to obtain an approval of a labor condition attestation from the Department of Labor prior to filing the H-1B petition with the Immigration & Naturalization Service. A LCA is required to ensure that foreign workers are not exploited by U.S. employers and are paid the same salaries and obtain the same benefits as their American counterparts.

The H-1B is granted for an initial period of 3 years and can be extended for an additional 3 years, but cannot be extended beyond 6 years. Spouses and minor children automatically obtain H-4 visas, which entitle them to accompany the applicant to the U.S. and to attend school, but not work, in the U.S.

Non-Immigrant R-1 Visa (Religious Worker)

The R-1 religious worker category is designed for ministers, persons working in a professional capacity in a religious occupation, or persons working for a religious organization in a religious occupation. The applicant must demonstrate that he/she had been a member of the religious denomination for at least 2 years preceding the application. Initial admission is for 3 years with an extension of up to 2 years. The U.S. employer is required to demonstrate that it has tax exemption status.

Non-Immigrant E-1/E-2 Visa (Treaty Trader/Treaty Investor)

Certain countries have entered into treaties with the United States, which allows their nationals to obtain treaty trader/treaty Investor visas. A fundamental requirement for an E-1 visa is that at least 51% of the company’s trade must be between the U.S. and the treaty country. An E-2 visa requires a "substantial investment" to be made into a new or existing enterprise. Managers, executives and other essential employees are eligible for these visas. The visa is usually granted for a 5-year period with 2-year increments upon each entry. It is possible to extend these visas as long as there is a need for the individual to direct and control the U.S. enterprise and the concern remains viable.

Non-Immigrant L-1 Visa (Intracompany Transfer)

The L-1 intracompany transferee visa is used for companies abroad who have offices in the U.S. and would like to transfer certain employees here on temporary employment assignments. This visa is designed for managers and executives (maximum admission: 7 years) or people possessing specialized knowledge (maximum admission: 5 years).

If the U.S. subsidiary is a newly established office, the applicant will only be admitted for an initial period of 1 year. It is possible to apply for extensions, which must be accompanied by documentation showing major business activity or future business activity and an increase in personnel. It is possible to apply for permanent residency through this category as a multinational executive/manager.

Non-Immigrant Obtaining a "Green Card"

A person granted permanent residency ("green card status") is permitted to reside and work in the U.S. Depending on their classification, an immigrant may be eligible to file for U.S. citizenship either three years or five years from date of acquiring permanent residency (providing they are not otherwise deemed ineligible).

There are four main categories under which it is possible to acquire permanent residency status in the U.S. The easiest and quickest way is through a family relationship where the petitioner is either a U.S. citizen or permanent resident. The other categories involve employment sponsorship, diversity immigrants and refugees and asylees.

You might also take your chances with the Green Card Lottery .

The most common asked question from graduates is: “How do we get a green card through employment?”

Employment-Based Immigration

To obtain an employment-based immigrant visa, there is usually a requirement that an applicant applies and obtains labor certification. This process, designed to ensure that no qualified U.S. workers exist for the position, is often difficult and can take several years to complete (depending on jurisdiction). It is therefore desirable to apply under an alternative category, which lacks this labor certification requirement. Most graduates will fall under:

First Preference: Priority Workers

This category includes the following: (a) persons of extraordinary ability in sciences, art, education, business or athletics; (b) outstanding professors and researchers, and (c) multinational executives and managers.

Under the extraordinary ability subcategory above, the applicant does not require a job offer and the application can be processed fairly expeditiously. Only those applicants who have reached the top of their field can apply under this category and must intend to continue to work in the particular area of extraordinary ability. In addition, the applicant must show that his or her entry will benefit the U.S.

Under the category of outstanding professors and researchers, the standards are more lenient. However, the applicant must have three years of teaching or research experience, as well as a job offer for a permanent position from an appropriate U.S. institution. No Labor Certification application is required for this category.

Multinational Executives and Managers

In order to qualify for permanent residence under this category, managers or executives of companies must have been employed for one of the three years preceding their transfer to the United States. Additionally, their employment at the overseas company must have been in an executive or managerial capacity. The U.S. sponsoring employer must also have been in existence for at least one year and the overseas company must be operating.

Note: If an applicant obtains an L-1B Intracompany visa (based on their specialized knowledge) labor certification will be necessary.

Second Preference: Advanced Degree Professions / Exceptional Ability

Members of the professions holding advanced degrees (e.g. masters degrees or bachelors degrees, plus five years of work experience) or aliens of Exceptional Ability. Although Labor Certification is usually required, it is possible to obtain a waiver, if it can be shown that the applicant’s employment will be in the "national interest".

Third Preference: Labor Certification

This category usually requires a Labor Certification except in certain cases. Three separate subcategories exist:

• Professionals (with a Bachelors Degree);
• Individuals performing a job requiring two years of education, experience or training;
• Other workers.

Fourth Preference: Special Immigrants

This category is designed for "special immigrants" and is limited to 10,000 visas per year. Certain religious workers qualify under this category, which does not require Labor Certification.

Fifth Preference: Employment Creation - Investors

This category allows for two-year conditional residency for people who invest either $1 million (or $500,000 in underdeveloped areas or areas of high unemployment) in a new commercial enterprise that employs 10 U.S. citizens or permanent residents on a full-time basis and manages the business on a day-to-day basis.

The applicant can either create an original business or the purchase of an existing business, which results in a new commercial enterprise, or the expansion of an existing business so that its net worth or employees increase by 40%.

The investment can be a combination of cash, equipment, inventory, but an unsecured promissory note is unacceptable. Multiple investors are acceptable, but each investor must independently meet the capital and employee requirements.

If you are a current student interested in working in the US, check out our Working in the US page.

Learn about Working After Graduation in Australia .

You might be interested in How to Apply for an F1 Student Visa .

Related Content:

Get the international student newsletter.

• Travel Advisories |
• Contact Us |
• MyTravelGov |

Find U.S. Embassies & Consulates

Travel.state.gov, congressional liaison, special issuance agency, u.s. passports, international travel, intercountry adoption, international parental child abduction, records and authentications, popular links, travel advisories, mytravelgov, stay connected, legal resources, legal information, info for u.s. law enforcement, replace or certify documents.

Tourism & Visit

Study & Exchange

Other Visa Categories

U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country

Share this page:

Student Visa

Exchange Visitor Visa

Generally, foreign nationals who wish to travel to the United States must first obtain a visa, either a nonimmigrant visa for a temporary stay, or an immigrant visa for permanent residence. You must have a student visa to travel to the United States to study. Your course of study and the type of school you plan to attend determine whether you need an F visa or an M visa.

Students cannot travel on the Visa Waiver Program or with Visitor Visas You must have a student visa (F or M visa) to travel to the United States to study. You may not study after entering on a visitor (B) visa, unless you are eligible for and have obtained a change of status from USCIS, or through the Visa Waiver Program (VWP), except to undertake recreational (non-credit) study as part of a tourist visit. For more information on the VWP, see  Visa Waiver Program .

For short periods of recreational study, a Visitor (B) visa may be appropriate A visitor (B) visa permits enrollment in a short recreational course of study, which is not for credit toward a degree or academic certificate. Learn more about  Visitor Visas .

Study leading to a U.S. conferred degree or certificate is not permitted on a visitor (B) visa, even if it is for a short duration. For example, a student in a distance learning program that  requires a period of time on the institution’s U.S. campus must obtain a student (F or M) visa prior to entering the United States.

Student Acceptance at a SEVP Approved School The first step to studying in the United States is apply to a SEVP-approved school in the United States.  If the SEVP-approved school accepts your enrollment, you will be registered for the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) and must pay the SEVIS I-901 fee.  The SEVP-approved school will issue you a Form I-20.  After you receive the Form I-20 and register in SEVIS, you may apply at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate for a student (F or M) visa.  You must present the Form I-20 to the consular officer when you attend your visa interview.

If your spouse and/or children will live with you in the United States while you study, they must also enroll in SEVIS, obtain individual Form I-20s from the SEVP-approved school, and apply for a visa (but they do not pay the SEVIS fee).

Visit the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)  Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)  website to learn more about SEVIS and the SEVIS I-901 Fee.

Visit the Department of State  EducationUSA  website to learn about educational opportunities for undergraduate and graduate study, and an overview of the application process.  You can also visit the DHS  Study in the States  school search page to search for SEVP-certified schools.

How To Apply

There are several steps to apply for a visa. The order of these steps and how you complete them may vary by U.S. Embassy or Consulate. Please consult the instructions on the  embassy or consulate website . 

Complete the Online Visa Application

• Online Nonimmigrant Visa Application,  Form DS-160  –  Learn more  about completing the  DS-160 . You must: 1) complete the online visa application, and 2) print the application form confirmation page to bring to your interview.
• Photo  –You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. Your photo must meet the  Photograph Requirements .

Schedule an Interview

Visa applicants generally require an interview, with certain limited exceptions below. Consular officers may require an interview of any visa applicant.

You should schedule an appointment for your visa interview at the  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  in the country where you live. You may schedule your interview at another U.S. Embassy or Consulate, but be aware that it may be more difficult to demostrate that you qualify for a visa outside of the country where you live. 

Wait times for interview appointments vary by location, season, and visa category, so you should apply for your visa early. Review the interview wait time for the location where you will apply:

Appointment Wait Time

Check the estimated wait time for a nonimmigrant visa interview appointment at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate.

Note:  Please check the individual Embassy or Consulate website to determine if your case is eligible for a waiver of the in-person interview.

Applicants scheduling visa appointments in a location different from their place of residence should check post websites for nonresident wait times.

Select a U.S. Embassy or Consulate:

New Students  – Student (F and M) visas for new students can be issued up to 365 days before the start date of a course of study.  However, you will not be allowed to enter the United States on your student visa more than 30 days before the start date.

Continuing Students  - Student (F and M) visas for continuing students may be issued at any time, as long as the student is currently enrolled at a SEVP-approved school or institution and in SEVIS.  Continuing students may enter the United States at any time before classes start.

Prepare for Your Interview

• Fees - Pay the non-refundable visa application fee , if you are required to pay it before your interview. If your visa is approved, you may also pay a visa issuance fee, if applicable to your nationality. Fee information is provided below: 

Application Fee

Select your nationality to see issuance fee.

• Review the instructions available on the website of the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you will apply to learn more about fee payment.

Gather Required Documentation

Gather and prepare the following required documents before your visa interview:

• Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements ). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
• Nonimmigrant Visa Application, Form DS-160 confirmation page.
• Application fee payment receipt, if you are required to pay before your interview.
• Photo – You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. If the photo upload fails, you must bring one printed photo in the format explained in the Photograph Requirements . 
• Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant (F-1) Student Status-For Academic and Language Students, Form I-20 or Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant (M-1) Student Status for Vocational Students, Form I-20  – Your school will send you a Form I-20 once they have entered your information in the SEVIS database. You and your school official must sign the Form I-20.  All students must be registered in the Student and Exchange Visitor System (SEVIS). Your spouse and/or minor children, if they intend live in the United States with you, will each receive an individual Form I-20.

Additional Documentation May Be Required

A consular officer will interview you to determine your qualifications for a student visa, and may request additional documents, such as evidence of:

• Transcripts, diplomas, degrees, or certificates from schools you attended; and
• Standardized test scores required by your U.S. school;
• Your intent to depart the United States upon completion of the course of study; and
• How you will pay all educational, living and travel costs. 

Review the instructions for how to apply for a visa on the website of the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you will apply.

Attend Your Visa Interview

A consular officer will interview you to determine whether you are qualified to receive a student visa. You must establish that you meet the requirements under U.S. law to receive a visa.

Ink-free, digital fingerprint scans are taken as part of the application process. They are usually taken during your interview, but this varies based on location.

After your visa interview, the consular officer may determine that your application requires further  administrative processing .  The consular officer will inform you if this is required.

After the visa is approved, you may need to pay a visa issuance fee (if applicable to your nationality), and make arrangements for the return of the passport and visa to you.  Review the  visa processing times  to learn more.

Entering the United States

A visa does not guarantee entry into the United States.  A visa only allows a foreign citizen to travel to a U.S. port-of-entry (generally an airport) and request permission to enter the United States. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials at the port-of-entry have authority to permit or deny admission to the United States.

After you present your passport, visa, and Form I-20 at the port-of-entry, a CBP official will make this decision.  Upon admission, the CBP official will provide an admission stamp or paper Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record.

Learn about procedures for students (with F or M visas) entering the United States on the CBP website under  Arrival Procedures for Students or Exchange Visitors .  Learn about admissions and entry requirements, restrictions about bringing food, agricultural products, and other restricted/prohibited goods, and more by reviewing the  CBP website .

Extending Your Stay

Foreign students in the United States with F visas must depart the United States within 60 days after the program end date listed on Form I-20, including any authorized practical training.

Foreign students may request an extension through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website (see the USCIS Extend Your Stay page). Additional information to maintain student status is on the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement SEVP website under  Maintaining Your Immigration Status While a Student or Exchange Visitor .

Failure to depart the United States on time will result in being  out of status . Under U.S. law, visas of individuals who are out of status are automatically voided ( Section 222(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ).  Any multiple entry visa that was voided due to being out of status will not be valid for future entries into the United States. 

Failure to depart the United States on time may also result in you being ineligible for visas in the future in certain cases. Review  Visa Denials  and  Ineligibilities and Waivers: Laws  to learn more.

Change of Status

If your plans change while in the United States (for example, you marry a U.S. citizen or receive an offer of employment), you may be able to request a change in your nonimmigrant status to another category through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). See  Change My Nonimmigrant Status  on the USCIS website to learn more.

While you are in the United States, receiving a change of status from USCIS does not require you to apply for a new visa.  However, once you depart the United States you must apply for a new visa at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate in the appropriate category for your travel.

Additional Information

• There is no guarantee you will be issued a visa. Do not make final travel plans or buy tickets until you have a visa.
• For information about working in the United States during your study, review Students and Employment and Form I-765 Work Authorization Instructions on the USCIS website.
• If you have a temporary break in your study, view the information on the SEVP website under  Do Students Returning from Temporary Absences Need New Visas?  If your student visa is still valid, but you are outside the United States, you should consult with your Designated School Officials. 
• Your spouse and unmarried, minor children who intend to reside with you during your study may apply for F-2 or M-2 visas. Although SEVIS fee payment is not required, your school must issue them an individual Form I-20, which is required to apply for their visas. You must provide a copy of your F-1 or M-1 visa and provide proof of relationship.
• Your minor children are permitted to attend school in the United States while accompanying you.
• U.S. Embassies and Consulates adjudicate visa applications for same-sex spouses in the same way that we adjudicate applications for opposite gender spouses.
• A valid U.S. visa in an expired passport is still valid. Unless canceled or revoked, a visa is valid until its expiration date. If you have a valid visa in your expired passport, do not remove it from your expired passport. You may use your valid visa in your expired passport along with a new valid passport for travel and admission to the United States.

Can I enter the United States more than 30 days in advance?

Students on F or M visas are not permitted to enter the United States earlier than 30 days before the start date of their program.  If you wish to enter earlier than 30 days before your start date, you must separately apply and qualify for a visitor (B) visa.  

After you are admitted to the United States by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials in visitor (B) visa status, you must separately apply to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) for a  change of status  to student (For M) status prior to the start of your program.  You may not begin your course of study until the change of status is approved, and you may encounter lengthy processing times.  You may also depart the United States and re-enter on your student (F or M) visa.

Optional Practical Training

Students who are authorized Optional Practical Training (OPT) must have a Form I-20 endorsed for OPT and must apply to USCIS for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD).  OPT is temporary employment that is directly related to the eligible F-1 student's area of study. To learn more about OPT, please visit the  USCIS Website  and the  ICE International Students  webpage.

Attending Public Secondary School

There are restrictions on students in F-1 nonimmigrant status attending public school in the United States. See  Foreign Students in Public Schools to learn more.

Visa Renewal

Whether you are applying for the first time or renewing your visa, you will use the same application process (please review How to Apply , above).

Visa Denial and Ineligibility

Review  Visa Denials  for detailed information about visa ineligibilities, denials, and waivers.

I was refused a visa under section 214(b). May I reapply?

You may reapply if you believe you have additional evidence of your qualifications for a student (F or M) visa, or you believe your circumstances have changed. Review  Visa Denials  to learn more. 

Misrepresentation or Fraud

Attempting to obtain a visa by the willful misrepresentation of a material fact, or fraud, may result in the permanent refusal of a visa or denial of entry into the United States.

Review  Ineligibilities and Waivers: Laws.

Citizens of Canada and Bermuda

Citizens of Canada and Bermuda generally do not require visas to enter the United States as students, although they must present a valid Form I-20 at the time of admission. For more information see  information for Citizens of Canada and Bermuda .

Additional resources for Canadian visitors to the United States can be found on the  U.S. Embassy and Consulate websites in Canada .

Further Questions

• Case-Specific Questions  - Contact the U.S. Embassy or Consulate handling your visa application for status information. Select  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  for contact information.
• General Questions  - review  Contact Us .

More Information

A-Z Index Lost/Stolen Travel Documents Denials SEVIS-ICE DHS-Study in the States Visa Expiration Date Automatic Revalidation Nonimmigrants in the United States–Applying for Visas in Canada or Mexico Find a U.S. Embassy or Consulate Student Advising Center Visa Applicants - State Sponsors of Terrorism Customer Service Statement

External Link

You are about to leave travel.state.gov for an external website that is not maintained by the U.S. Department of State.

Links to external websites are provided as a convenience and should not be construed as an endorsement by the U.S. Department of State of the views or products contained therein. If you wish to remain on travel.state.gov, click the "cancel" message.

You are about to visit:

Insider's guide: PhD requirements in USA for international students

Pursuing a PhD in the United States can be a life-changing experience for international students looking to enhance their academic qualifications, advance their careers, and expand their horizons. However, before embarking on this journey, it's important to understand the requirements and expectations of the US doctoral education system.

In this article, we'll delve into the essential PhD requirements in the USA for international students, covering academic qualifications, English language proficiency, standardised tests, funding, and visa procedures.

Table of Contents

Academic qualifications, english language proficiency, standardised tests, visa procedures, frequently asked questions.

Academic qualifications are an important requirement for international students seeking to pursue a PhD in the USA. Students are typically required to hold a bachelor's or master's degree from a recognised university, with a strong academic record and relevant coursework.

The specific academic qualifications required for admission to PhD programs can vary depending on the university and program. Some programs may require a bachelor's degree in a specific field, while others may accept students with a bachelor's degree in a related field. Some programs may also require a master's degree, while others may allow students to earn a master's degree as part of the PhD program.

In addition to the degree requirements, international students may be required to provide official transcripts and diplomas from all institutions attended, as well as a course-by-course evaluation of their academic credentials from a recognised credential evaluation service.

It is also important for international students to have relevant coursework and research experience in their field of study. PhD programs in the USA typically require students to conduct independent research and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their field. Therefore, having a strong academic background and relevant research experience can increase a student's chances of being admitted to a PhD program.

International students should carefully review the academic qualifications required for each program they are interested in and ensure that they meet the requirements. If their qualifications do not meet the requirements, they may need to take additional coursework or earn a higher degree before applying to PhD programs.

Also read: Ultimate guide PhD in the UK

English language proficiency is also one of the essential PhD requirements in USA for international students. The ability to communicate effectively in English is crucial to succeed in academic and professional settings in the US.

Most universities require international students to demonstrate their proficiency in English by taking an English language proficiency exam. The most commonly accepted exams are the TOEFL, IELTS.

The minimum scores required for admission to PhD programs can vary depending on the university and program. Typically, a minimum score of 80 on the TOEFL or 6.5 on the IELTS is required, but some programs may require higher scores.

In addition to the TOEFL or IELTS, some universities may accept other English language proficiency exams, such as the PTE Academic or the Cambridge English: Advanced (CAE) exam.

Also read: PhD Scholarship for Pakistani Students

Standardised tests are an important requirement for international students seeking to pursue a PhD in the USA. Standardised tests are used to assess an applicant's academic abilities and potential for success in a PhD program. The most commonly required standardised tests for PhD programs in the USA include the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT).

The GRE is a standardised test that assesses a student's verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills. The test is typically required for admission to graduate programs in a wide range of disciplines, including science, engineering, social sciences, and humanities.

The GMAT is a standardised test that assesses a student's analytical writing, integrated reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and verbal reasoning skills. The test is typically required for admission to graduate programs in business and management.

The minimum scores required for admission to PhD programs can vary depending on the university and program. Typically, a minimum score in the 50th percentile or higher is required for the GRE, while a minimum score of 600 or higher is required for the GMAT.

The specific standardised tests required for admission to PhD programs can vary depending on the university and program. Some programs may require the GRE or GMAT, while others may require a different test, such as the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) for programs in the health sciences.

Funding can be a critical consideration for international students pursuing a PhD in the USA. Pursuing a PhD in the USA can be quite expensive, with tuition and living expenses often exceeding $50,000 per year. While federal financial aid is not available to international students, there are a variety of funding options that may be available to help cover the cost of tuition, living expenses , and research-related expenses.

One common source of funding for PhD students is through teaching or research assistantships. These positions typically provide a stipend or salary in exchange for work done in support of the department or faculty member providing the funding. Assistantship opportunities can be competitive, but they can provide valuable experience and financial support for students throughout their program.

Scholarships and fellowships can also be a valuable source of funding for international students pursuing a PhD in the USA. These awards may be offered by the university, private foundations, or other organisations, and can cover some or all of the cost of tuition and living expenses.

International students may also be eligible for funding from their home country or through external sources such as grants or fellowships. It's important for students to research these opportunities and understand any restrictions or requirements that may apply.

Finally, some students may choose to fund their PhD program through personal savings or by taking out student loans. While these options can provide flexibility in terms of funding, it's important for students to carefully consider the long-term financial implications of taking on debt to fund their education.

Also read: PhD in USA without GRE

The visa application process is an important step for international students seeking to pursue a PhD in the USA. International students who are accepted into a PhD program in the USA will typically need to obtain an F-1 student visa.

To begin the visa application process, students will need to provide proof of acceptance into a program, typically in the form of an acceptance letter from the university. In addition, students will need to demonstrate proof of financial support to cover the cost of tuition and living expenses in the USA. This can be done by providing bank statements or other documentation showing that the student or their sponsor has sufficient funds to cover these costs.

Once the initial documentation has been submitted, students will need to complete the DS-160 form, pay the visa application fee, and schedule an appointment at a US embassy or consulate in their home country. During the appointment, students will need to provide biometric data (such as fingerprints) and participate in an interview with a consular officer. The interview is an important part of the visa application process and can be a deciding factor in whether the student is approved for the visa.

It's important for international students to begin the visa application process well in advance of the start of their PhD program, as it can take several weeks or even months to complete all of the necessary steps. Students should also consult with the international student office at their university for guidance and support throughout the process.

Also read: PhD in abroad with scholarships (for Indian students)

Pursuing a PhD in the USA as an international student can be a challenging and rewarding experience. While the requirements for admission can be rigorous, they are designed to ensure that students have the academic qualifications, language proficiency, and aptitude needed to succeed in a doctoral program. With careful planning and research, international students can find funding opportunities and navigate the visa application process to achieve their academic and professional goals.

What is the typical academic qualification required for international students to apply to PhD programs in the USA?

International students are typically required to hold a bachelor's or master's degree from a recognised university, with a strong academic record and relevant coursework.

Do international students need to take the GRE or GMAT to apply to PhD programs in the USA?

Yes, in many cases international students are required to take the GRE or GMAT as part of the application process for PhD programs in the USA. The specific requirements can vary depending on the university and program.

Are there any language proficiency tests required for international students to apply to PhD programs in the USA?

Yes, international students whose native language is not English may be required to take an English language proficiency test, such as the TOEFL or IELTS, as part of the application process for PhD programs in the USA.

Study Abroad Expert

Disclaimer: The views and opinions shared in this site solely belong to the individual authors and do not necessarily represent t ...Read More

Most affordable cities in USA for Indian students

Top 12 highest paying US majors 2024

Go Greek - Your guide to Greek life in the USA

University welcome week around the world: USA

Why are college sports so popular in the USA?

5 things you should know about applying to study in the USA

Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( A locked padlock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

• Create Account

Students and Employment

ALERT: On Aug. 27, 2024, USCIS updated its  policy guidance regarding when students may be eligible for optional practical training (OPT) for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The update also clarifies guidance concerning online study, school transfers, the grace period, and study abroad.

ALERT: Please remember that photos submitted to USCIS must be unmounted and unretouched. Unretouched means the photos must not be edited or digitally enhanced. The submission of any mounted or retouched images will delay the processing of your application and may prompt USCIS to require that you appear at an Applicant Support Center to verify your identity.

If you would like to study as a full-time student in the United States, you will generally need a student visa. There are two nonimmigrant visa categories for persons wishing to study in the United States. These visas are commonly known as the F and M visas.

You may enter in the F-1 or M-1 visa category provided you meet the following criteria:

• You must be enrolled in an "academic" educational program, a language-training program, or a vocational program
• Your school must be approved by the Student and Exchange Visitors Program, Immigration & Customs Enforcement
• You must be enrolled as a full-time student at the institution
• You must be proficient in English or be enrolled in courses leading to English proficiency
• You must have sufficient funds available for self-support during the entire proposed course of study
• You must maintain a residence abroad which you have no intention of giving up.

F-1 Student Visa

The F-1 Visa (Academic Student) allows you to enter the United States as a full-time student at an accredited college, university, seminary, conservatory, academic high school, elementary school, or other academic institution or in a language training program. You must be enrolled in a program or course of study that culminates in a degree, diploma, or certificate and your school must be authorized by the U.S. government to accept international students.

M-1 Student Visa

The M-1 visa (Vocational Student) category includes students in vocational or other nonacademic programs, other than language training.

F-1 students may not work off-campus during the first academic year, but may accept on-campus employment subject to certain conditions and restrictions. After the first academic year, F-1 students may engage in three types of off-campus employment:

• Curricular Practical Training (CPT)
• Optional Practical Training (OPT) (pre-completion or post-completion)
• Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Optional Practical Training Extension (OPT)

F-1 students may also be eligible to work off-campus on a case-by-case basis as a result of  special situations  such as severe economic hardship or special student relief. M-1 students may engage in practical training only after they have completed their studies.

For both F-1 and M-1 students any off-campus training employment must be related to their area of study and must be authorized prior to starting any work by the Designated School Official (the person authorized to maintain the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS)) and USCIS.

In general, only noncitizens who have permission from DHS to work can apply for a Social Security number.

Special Instructions

If you are interested in changing to F or M Student Status, see the Changing to a Nonimmigrant F or M Student Status page.

Additional Resources

For more information on the nonimmigrant student (F and M) classifications, see the  USCIS Policy Manual .

For more information on the residence abroad requirement, see 9 FAM 402.5-5(E)(1) of the U.S. Department of State Foreign Affairs Manual .

For more information on the Student and Exchange Visitors Program, see the  Student & Exchange Visitor Program, Immigration & Customs Enforcement  and the  Study in the States Training Opportunities in the United States  pages.

For more information on  International Students and Social Security Numbers (PDF) , see the  Social Security Administration  website.

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Lock Locked padlock icon ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Welcome to USA.gov

Benefits.gov has been discontinued. USA.gov is the new centralized place for finding government benefits for health care, housing, food, unemployment, and more.

• Continue to USA.gov

Get a student visa to study in the U.S.

To study in the U.S. as an international student, you must get a student visa. Learn about the types of student visas, how to apply, and if you can work while you study.

Types of student visas

F-1 and m-1 visas for full-time students.

The most common student visas are F-1 and M-1.

• F-1 visas are for full-time international students pursuing academic studies.
• M-1 visas are for full-time international students pursuing vocational studies.

J-1 visa for exchange students

The J-1 exchange visitor visa is for foreign nationals who have been approved to take part in work-and-study-based exchange programs. Examples include visiting scholars, camp counselors, au pairs, and research assistants. Learn about the educational programs that J-1 visa holders can participate in .

How to apply for, extend, or renew a student visa

Visit the Department of State’s website to learn more details about F-1 or M-1 visas and J-1 visas . Get information about:

• Eligibility rules
• How to apply
• Appointment wait times
• Application fees
• Extending your stay in the U.S.
• Student visa renewals

Can you work in the U.S. with a student visa?

If you have an F-1, M-1, or J-1 visa, you may be eligible to work in the U.S. But you may only qualify for work on-campus or at a job related to your studies.

• Learn more about employment for students with F-1 and M-1 visas.
• J-1 visa holders must contact their responsible officer to find out if they qualify for work outside their program of study.

LAST UPDATED: June 26, 2024

Have a question?

Ask a real person any government-related question for free. They will get you the answer or let you know where to find it.

• EN Action Another action
• Free Counselling

Thanks for visiting TopUniversities.com today! So that we can show you the most relevant information, please select the option that most closely relates to you.

• Looking for undergraduate studies
• Looking for postgraduate studies
• Student but not looking for further education at the moment
• Parent or Guardian
• University administrator
• Professional

Thanks for sending your response.

Your input will help us improve your experience. You can close this popup to continue using the website or choose an option below to register in or login.

Already have an account? Sign in

Graduate Study in the US: Guide for International Students

Hasna Haidar

Share this Page

Table of contents

• Introduction

How to apply for graduate study in the US

How to apply for a us student visa, tuition fees, living costs, post-graduation work in the us, meet us grad schools in a city near you.

This article is adapted from the QS Top Grad School Guide, available to read online  here .

The planet’s third-largest country by both area and population, the US is a world leader across pretty much every sphere of human activity – business, technology, science, politics, media, and of course education. The US is home to many of the world’s most prestigious universities (including half of the  global top 10 ), and hosts more international students than any other country – around 1.1 million by the latest count.

Read on for information about studying in the US at graduate level – including how to apply, student visas, fees and funding, and staying to seek work.

To be eligible for graduate study in the US, you should have completed a bachelor’s degree or equivalent qualification from an internationally recognized institution. Along with your degree certificate, you will also typically need to provide:

• One or more letters of recommendation;
• A research proposal (for PhD and postdoctoral applicants);
• A graduate admissions test result, if required (e.g. GRE / GMAT );
• Proof of proficiency in English (e.g. TOEFL/IELTS) if you are not a native speaker;
• A statement of purpose, outlining your aspirations and demonstrating your suitability for the course.

While some institutions accept applications on an ongoing basis, most colleges offer an early deadline (usually December to January) and a regular deadline (usually March to April). You can apply to as many US universities as you like, but many students select a shortlist of six. US universities often charge an application fee, usually between $50 and $100, though online applications can be cheaper or free.

Thinking of studying a PhD in the US? Read our guide on  how to find and fund a PhD .

International students will need to obtain an F-1 non-immigrant visa. You can only apply for this after securing a place at an SEVP-approved university, and you’ll need to provide proof of sufficient funds for the course duration and a confirmation of your intention to leave the US after completing your studies. You’ll be asked to attend an interview at your local US embassy, bringing your application and supporting documents with you.

If you’re a Canadian or Bermudian citizen you won’t need a visa to study in the US, but you will still need to obtain an I-20 Certificate of Eligibility form and pay for SEVIS (the student database and tracking system) registration. The non-immigrant visa application fee is currently $160 and the registration fee for SEVIS is $200.

Read more advice on applying for your US student visa .

Tuition fees at US universities are well known for being on the high side. Private universities tend to charge higher fees, and usually have a single rate for both local and international students. Public universities will have a lower rate for students from within their state, and a higher rate for international students and out-of-state residents. If you wish to undertake a professional degree such as an MBA, JD, LLM or MD, you should also expect to pay considerably more than for other postgraduate programs.

All US universities are legally required to include a fees and financial aid calculator on their websites. Use this to get a quick estimate of how much your intended course of study would cost, and what funding you may be eligible for. You can access all net price calculators in one place here .

The good news is that many students are able to benefit from some form of financial aid, and often the most competitive institutions offer the most generous support. For example, five major US universities are entirely “ need blind ”, pledging to offer sufficient financial assistance for all students (both domestic and international) who are selected for admission, regardless of their financial situation. These schools are  Harvard , Amherst,  Yale ,  Princeton  and  MIT .

As US government aid schemes and loans are often not available to international students, you’ll probably find your best sources of funding are those offered by your chosen university and/or other organizations.  Scholarships  and grants may be awarded based on financial need, academic achievements and/or other talents, and may also take into account factors relating to your background and field of study.

While the largest funding packages are often found at the top end of the private sector, many public universities offer alternative support. An example is the Curricular Practical Training (CPT) scheme, which allows students with F-1 visas to gain paid, off-campus internships. Another funding option is the Fulbright Program , an initiative led by the US Department of State Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs.

View a range of scholarships to study in the US .

Depending on where you decide to study in the US, the cost of living can vary considerably. Believe it or not, living costs in the US can often be lower than those in other popular study destinations. Suburban and rural areas in the South and Midwest generally have the lowest cost of living, with big urban centers like New York City entailing considerably higher living expenses ( New York University  gives an average annual estimate of $24,000). To supplement your income, you may like to seek  part-time work on campus . However, work off-campus in your first year is restricted by visa regulations.

Testimonials

"CUHK’s MBA programme provided me with the stepping stone into a larger sports Asian market wherein I could leverage the large alumni network to make the right connections for relevant discussions and learning."

Read my story

Abhinav Singh Bhal Chinese University of Hong Kong graduate

"I have so many wonderful memories of my MBA and I think, for me, the biggest thing that I've taken away was not what I learned in the classroom but the relationships, the friendships, the community that I'm now part of."

Alex Pitt QS scholarship recipient

"The best part of my degree is getting to know more about how important my job as an architect is: the hidden roles I play, that every beautiful feature has significance, and that even the smallest details are well thought out."

Rayyan Sultan Said Al-Harthy University of Nizwa student

"An MBA at EAHM is superior due to  the nature of the Academy’s academic and  industry strength. The subject  matter, the curriculum structure and the  access to opportunities within the hospitality industry is remarkable."

Sharihan Al Mashary Emirates Academy of Hospitality Management graduate

After graduation, F-1 visa holders are generally entitled to stay in the country for up to one year of post-graduation practical training. In order to do this you’ll need to apply for a change in visa status within 60 days after graduation, or risk being deported. There are two types of practical training, known as optional (OPT) and curricular (CPT). Both can be completed either during your degree or after graduation, but must not exceed 12 months and must be in a role directly related to your field of study. Some STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) students may also be eligible to extend their practical training period by an additional 24 months.

The  QS World Grad School Tour  is your chance to meet representatives of leading grad schools from across the US, and around the world. Get personal answers to your questions, attend free seminars about grad school admissions, and gather all the information you need. Attendees are also eligible to apply for exclusive scholarships.  

This article was originally published in January 2015. It was last updated in November 2018. 

Want more content like this?  Register for free site membership  to get regular updates and your own personal content feed.

+ 216 others saved this article

+ 217 others saved this article

Recommended articles Last year

Top universities in Australia

How Future17 inspired me to work for human rights and social justice

How to get a full scholarship

Discover top-ranked universities!

universities

events every year

Sign up to continue reading

Ask me about universities, programs, or rankings!

Our chatbot is here to guide you.

QS SearchBot

Phd-Study-In-Usa

• Living in the USA – A Guide for PhD Students

Written by Ben Taylor

As the world’s most popular study abroad destination, the USA needs little introduction. Sprawling cities, idyllic college towns and hi-tech campuses – the USA has something to offer PhD students of every type.

But what’s it actually like to study and research in America? This page will give you a guide to some student essentials, from culture and transport to accommodation and work visas.

On this page

Student life.

America’s 50 states are endlessly diverse, encompassing arid deserts, rugged coastlines, rolling plains and ancient forests. Sophisticated cities like New York and Boston are world-renowned higher education hubs, while specialist research institutes can be found across the country.

Realistically, as a PhD student you could find yourself based anywhere in the USA – we’ll do our best to sum up what makes the United States such a great place to study and live.

Culture and tourism

Thanks to Hollywood, we’re all pretty familiar with what the USA has to offer tourists. Iconic sights like the Grand Canyon, Yosemite National Park and Niagara Falls are among the most visited natural attractions in the world, while Disneyland(s), the glitz of Las Vegas and the lively back-alleys of New Orleans represent less sedate ways to experience America.

The USA is blessed with countless significant cultural institutions, galleries and museums, and it would be impossible to do them justice here. New York City alone has the cutting-edge MoMA, the venerable Metropolitan Museum of Art and the spellbinding American Museum of Natural History.

Of course, the USA is a relatively young country but you can experience its revolutionary past in vibrant cities like Boston and Philadelphia. Meanwhile, Washington DC has a world-class collection of museums with several excellent universities and research institutes.

Sport and leisure

Sport is inescapable in America – especially at its universities, many of which boast huge stadiums that rival (or even eclipse!) the biggest ‘soccer’ stadiums over the pond in Europe.

American football, ice hockey, baseball, basketball. . . wherever you study your PhD, it’s likely that you’ll be able to adopt a nearby sports team and maybe even give it a go first-hand. If you’re unsure of the rules, friendly locals will usually be more than happy to explain what everything means.

In terms of non-competitive leisure activities, everything depends on the region you’re living in. You could go hiking in the Pacific Northwest’s lush rainforests, experience New England’s glorious autumnal leaves or camp out in the woods of upstate New York. Over on the West Coast, give surfing a go and catch some gnarly Californian waves (in between long stints in the lab, of course). The Rocky Mountains are renowned for snowboarding and skiing, while the Florida Keys are perfect for scuba-diving.

Food and drink

American cuisine is a reflection of the country’s diverse nature, taking inspiration from the immigrants – past and present – that have made America their home. The Chicago deep-pan style of pizza is a product of Italian-Americans, while Tex-Mex food is heavily influenced by Mexican delicacies.

Up in New England, you can try out clam chowder and freshly-caught lobster. Twin Peaks fans shouldn’t pass up the chance to enjoy a slice of cherry pie with a pipin’ hot cup of joe at a quaint roadside diner in Washington state.

It’s also worth bearing in mind that attitudes to alcohol vary widely across the States and may be quite different to what you’re used to back home. The minimum age for the consumption of alcohol is 21, although unless you’re a child prodigy this probably won’t affect you. Many states have strict curfews for the sale of alcohol. And, if you’re at a bar, it’s important to tip the bartender at least a dollar per drink!

Accommodation

There’s likely to be a range of accommodation to suit every taste – and budget – wherever you choose to study your PhD in America.

University dormitories

Most universities will have their own accommodation buildings, some of which may be aimed specifically at mature graduate students. This could take the form of a self-contained studio, a shared apartment or a series of bedrooms with a shared bathroom and kitchen area. If you have a family, you may be able to apply for special accommodation.

It’s fairly common for undergraduates to share a bedroom with a fellow student but this is less likely to be the case for graduate accommodation.

University-owned housing will usually be cheaper than private alternatives, but competition will be tough so it pays to apply as early as possible.

There will often be a choice between on- and off-campus housing, each with their own benefits.

Private rentals

If you aren’t able to secure suitable university accommodation, there will usually be a good selection of private housing – often aimed at students. You may want to rent a single apartment by yourself or share a house with likeminded individuals to split the bills.

Be aware that tenants’ rights vary greatly from state to state. If you’re unsure about a particular landlord, ask your university’s international student office for advice.

Living costs

The sheer size and diversity of the USA means that living costs differ widely from state to state (and even within states). In general, the North East is the most expensive region in which to live, with New York City in particular renowned for being costly. Over on the West Coast, California can be pricy.

If you’re on a budget, parts of the South and the Midwest are more affordable.

Prices in the USA

This table lists some average prices for typical expenses that you’ll encounter during your time in the USA.

Working during your PhD

According to the conditions of your F-1 student visa, you can work on-campus for up to 20 hours a week during term-time and full-time during the holidays.

If you want to work off-campus , you’ll have to satisfy strict employment conditions dictated by your student visa and wait until you’ve completed your first academic year. Your employment must fall under one of the following categories:

• Optional Practical Training (OPT) – This is temporary work that is closely related to your studies, authorised for a period of up to 12 months
• Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Optional Practical Training Extension – This is an extension of OPT available to STEM students for up to 24 months
• Curricular Practical Training (CPT) – This includes work placements and opportunities that are a compulsory part of your PhD programme

In terms of working hours, you must only engage in off-campus employment for 20 hours a week during term-time and full-time during vacation.

For more information, please visit the US Government’s page on student visas and employment .

It’s a good idea to open an American bank account as soon as possible upon your arrival in the States. It’ll make paying for bills and groceries a lot easier, and you won’t have to worry about the fluctuations in the exchange rate between the dollar and your home currency.

Most major banks offer student accounts, with perks and waived fees for those attending university. It should be fairly easy to open an account once you’ve arrived. Banks will usually require the following documents:

• Student visa
• An acceptance letter from your university
• Proof of your US address

ATMs are widespread in the USA, although they do charge a transaction fee for withdrawals (often $2.50).

America’s huge size can make travelling interstate seem daunting. However, the country’s extensive highway network provides plenty of opportunities for iconic road trips. If you don’t drive, Greyhound buses (and plenty of other bus companies) are a cheap way of travelling between cities.

Rail travel

The USA’s railways aren’t as developed as those in Europe or parts of Asia. However, the famous Amtrak trains serve most major American cities (and a handful of Canadian ones), making for a comfortable way to experience the oft-stunning scenery of the American countryside.

Domestic flights are often the best way to travel the vast distances between American cities. It takes around six hours to fly from coast to coast.

Inner-city travel

Urban transit options vary widely from city to city. Some – like New York City, Washington DC and Boston – have well-developed metro systems, while others are disappointingly reliant on the automobile. In general, you’ll find that American cities are much more car-centric than their European counterparts. If you don’t drive, there will usually be a relatively extensive bus network, or you can make use of local taxis and ride-hailing apps like Uber and Lyft.

Find a PhD in the USA

Ready to start browsing some current PhD opportunities in America ? Alternatively, you can look at our other guides to PhD study abroad .

Want More Updates & Advice?

Ben worked in the FindAPhD content team from 2017 to 2022, starting as an Assistant Content Writer and leaving as Student Content Manager. He focused on producing well-researched advice across a range of topics related to postgraduate study. Ben has a Bachelors degree in English Literature from the University of Sheffield and a Masters from the University of Amsterdam. Having also spent a semester at the University of Helsinki through the Erasmus programme, he’s no stranger to study abroad (or cold weather!).

Everything you need to know about part-time and full-time work as a student or recent graduate in the USA.

Why you'll need health insurance as an international student in the USA and how to find the right plan for you.

Our guide tells you everything about the application process for studying a PhD in the USA.

Our guide to PhD funding in the USA has information on fully-funded PhD scholarships, as well as other funding options for international and domestic students.

Our guide tells you exactly what kind of visa you need to study a study in the USA and what you need to apply for it.

We cover everything you need to know about studying in New York, including top universities, living costs, accommodation and more.

FindAPhD. Copyright 2005-2024 All rights reserved.

Unknown    ( change )

Have you got time to answer some quick questions about PhD study?

Select your nearest city

You haven’t completed your profile yet. To get the most out of FindAPhD, finish your profile and receive these benefits:

• Monthly chance to win one of ten £10 Amazon vouchers ; winners will be notified every month.*
• The latest PhD projects delivered straight to your inbox
• Access to our £6,000 scholarship competition
• Weekly newsletter with funding opportunities, research proposal tips and much more
• Early access to our physical and virtual postgraduate study fairs

Or begin browsing FindAPhD.com

or begin browsing FindAPhD.com

*Offer only available for the duration of your active subscription, and subject to change. You MUST claim your prize within 72 hours, if not we will redraw.

Create your account

Looking to list your PhD opportunities? Log in here .

• Skip to main navigation
• Skip to main content

The Office of International Affairs

Spouses and partners of international students, scholars, and employees.

• About / Contact
• F-1 and J-1 Students
• Visiting Students
• Employees and Researchers
• Administrators and Faculty
• J-2 Work Authorization

OIA Newsletters:

Sign up here

Student Quick Links

Request a Travel Signature

Tax Info for F-1/J-1 Students

Admitted Students: Request an I-20 or DS-2019

Work Authorization for F-1/J-1

Travel Information

Check-In for New Students

Visa vs. Status - Learn More!

OPT Reporting Links:

• F-1 OPT Update Form
• F-1 STEM OPT Update Form
• SEVP OPT Reporting Portal Reset Request

Scholar/Employee Quick Links

J-1 Check-in Form

J-1 Occasional Lecture Short-Term Consult Request

H-1B/TN/E-3 Check-in Form

Travel Re-entry Form

Travel Guidance

J-1 and H-1B Orientations @ OIA

Tax Info for International Students and Scholars

Labor Condition Applications

Administrator Quick Links

H-1B TN E-3 Sponsorship Request

J-1 Request Form

Checklist J-1 English Language Requirement

AEPA Instructions

Deemed Export Control Attestation (for H-1B and O-1)

Graduate NDVS Request

J-1 Funding Requirements

Related Links

Campus and Student Life

Career Advancement

International House

UChicagoGRAD

Office of Multicultural Student Affairs

Student Manual

Welcome to Chicago! This page is a resource for spouses, partners, and family members of international students, scholars and employees.

• Spouses and Partners Group

Resources and Activities

Adding a dependent, other visa options, join the international spouses and partners group.

To network with current and incoming international partners, join the International Spouses and Partners Group.  You may connect with this group by joining the International Spouses and Partners mailing list . You do not need an UChicago email address to subscribe.

Dual Career Services

The Dual Career Services Office serves University faculty and their spouses and partners.

Campus Card for Student, Scholar and Employee Spouses Student, scholar, and employee  spouses can apply for a Campus Card to enter the library, but are not able to borrow materials * or ride the CTA for free.  To apply, the spouse will need to present a photo ID, such as a passport, and be accompanied by the student, scholar, or employee, who will also be required to present his/her UChicago ID.  You can apply at the Regenstein Library ID & Privileges Office .

* Tenure track faculty members and upper level academic staff can request a card for a spouse with the privileges to borrow books.

English Corner is a free, informal Conversational English Class offered to H-1B Employees, J-1 Scholars, and all Spouses. The instructors are native English speakers who engage participants in cultural discussions while promoting communication skills. English Corner offers a warm learning environment that strives to promote fellowship and friendship.

Volunteering Volunteering is a great option for those who are not allowed to work in the U.S., or who want to gain U.S. work experience before finding a job. Volunteering is also a good way to become familiar with the community. The University Community Service Center can help you find volunteer opportunities that match your skills, availability and interests.

Working at the University of Chicago Spouses in J-2 with work authorization can contact the Human Resources Department for employment opportunities at the University of Chicago. In order for J-2 dependents to apply for an Employment Authorization Document/Card, the application materials include:

• Form I-765 ;
• Form I-765 fee;
• 2 passport-style photos
• Copy of the current DS-2019 of the J-2;
• Copy of the current DS-2019 of the J-1;
• Copies of Forms I-94 of both the J-1 and J-2;
• Letter from the J-2 stating why the employment is desired, indicating the source and amount of support for the principal participant, and specifically how the income derived from employment will not be used for the support of the J-1 exchange visitor. A J-2 does not need to demonstrate financial need to receive employment authorization.
• Although not specified in the instructions to Form I-765 , some applicants have also reported receiving RFEs asking the applicant to submit evidence of the J-2's relationship to the J-1 (e.g., marriage certificate for J-2 spouse or birth certificate for J-2 child).

If permission for employment is granted, an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) is issued and is valid for any kind of full-time or part-time employment for the period of time stated on the EAD. Although the regulations permit employment authorization to be granted for up to 4 years at a time, USCIS may decide to grant a shorter period. J-2 employment authorization expires with the expiration of the EAD, and the mere filing of an application for new authorization does not permit employment during the adjudication process. J-2 EAD applicants are not eligible for the automatic 180-day extension of their EAD while a renewal EAD is pending

A J-2 spouse or dependent child must file Form I-765 with all supporting documentation each time an extension of employment authorization is necessary. Since the EAD will generally not be issued for longer than the validity of the DS-2019, any necessary extension of stay of the J-1 must be processed prior to the application for extension of J-2 employment authorization. To avoid interruptions in J-2 employment authorization, the J-2 applicant must file the Form I-765 for extension of employment authorization sufficiently in advance (but no more than 180 days in advance) of the current grant of authorization, so that the EAD extension application is approved before the expiration. If the current EAD expires while the Form I-765 is pending, the J-2 must cease employment until receiving the new EAD

Working in Higher Education Institutions in the Chicago Area Those interested in working in higher education can also use look at postings on the Greater Chicago Midwest Higher Education Recruitment Consortium .  

Dependent Spouse Visa Information

Per U.S. government regulations, only married spouses can obtain a dependent visa status. The student, scholar or employee can add a dependent spouse to his or her record, and the spouse can then obtain a dependent visa status (F-2, J-2 or H-4). 

These dependent statuses do have certain restrictions :

• F-2 spouses cannot work and also cannot study unless the study is “vocational or recreational in nature.”  Recreational classes may include things like language, cooking, or writing courses, but cannot lead to academic objective or degree.
• J-2 spouses can study, and work if they first obtain work authorization .
• H-4 spouses of H-1B workers are allowed to study, but they cannot work.

For students, the choice between F-1 and J-1 status will affect their spouses’ work and study options. Please visit our admitted student website to explore qualification requirements and other differences between F and J status.

To add a dependent spouse to your F-1 or J-1 student status, please review the steps on our Adding a Dependent page . To add a dependent spouse to your J-1 scholar status, please complete this J-1 Scholar Request to Add Dependent form . 

Spouses and partners can also apply for an independent visa status.  Options may include: 1) Visit in B status . For partners who do not want to stay in the U.S. long-term but do want to visit, the B visitor visa is an option. Stays are limited in duration and B visitors must demonstrate non-immigrant intent. 2) Study full-time and obtain a student visa. Many partners choose to study at the same time, so that both partners can obtain independent student visa statuses. The international student office at the school where the partner will attend will sponsor the student visa. - Learn more about studying at University of Chicago .  Note that most programs at the Graham School of of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies do not qualify students for an F-1 or J-1 visa./ - Learn more about studying at other universities in Illinois 3) Find a job and obtain a work visa . Though not particularly easy, some partners have found jobs that sponsored them for a work visa.  The work visa paperwork will be done by an immigration attorney or experienced human resources department at the employer.

Popular work visa options include: a. Transfer visa (L-1): Partners currently working for multinational companies could look into transferring to a local office, and obtaining an L-1 visa. b. H-1B visa : Partners with at least a bachelor’s degree equivalent or higher can obtain an H-1B visa for work within their field. c. TN visa : A work visa for citizens of Canada and Mexico d. E-3 visa : A work visa for citizens of Australia

OIA does not provide immigration advice for work visas outside of the University of Chicago, but we will provide a reference list of immigration attorneys in the Chicago area upon request.

Jump to navigation

United States Department of State

• American English
• EducationUSA
• StudyAbroad

Search form

• The Experience of Studying in the USA

• Student Emergencies

• Your 5 Steps to U.S. Study

• Find an Event
• Find an Advising Center
• Why Internationalize
• EducationUSA Centers
• Washington D.C. and U.S. Embassies
• Regional Educational Advising Coordinators (REACs)
• EducationUSA Advisers
• Policies for Services
• Campus Visits
• Special Programs
• Open Doors Report
• Global Guide
• Student Mobility Fact Sheets
• Leveraging Scholarships
• U.S. Higher Education Monthly Newsletter
• Social Media
• Social Media Terms and Conditions
• Submit Content
• Joint Statement of Principles
• The U.S. Department of State
• The U.S. Department of Commerce
• The U.S. Department of Education
• The Federal Bureau of Investigation
• Department of Homeland Security U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
• National Science Foundation (NSF)
• EducationUSA Assistance
• International Student Visas
• The EducationUSA Network
• Regional Education Advising Coordinators (REACs)
• US Government Agencies
• Campus Hosting
• U.S. Events Sponsored by Education Associations
• Student Mobility Data
• Non-EducationUSA Overseas International Events
• Partnering with U.S. Universities

Step 4: Apply for Your Visa

Find an advising center

Official website of the Department of Homeland Security

Resources for Students

Students and the form i-20.

All F and M students that study in the United States need a  Form I-20, “Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status.”  Once accepted into a  Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)-certified school , international students will receive a Form I-20 from their  designated school official (DSO) . 

You must also obtain a Form I-20 for any eligible dependents you plan to bring to the United States with you. However, please note that the name (i.e., Academic and Language students vs. Vocational Students) on the Form I-20 an SEVP-certified school issues you will dictate the type of student visa you may obtain from the U.S. Department of State and the status you will need to maintain in the United States. You and your DSO must both sign the Form I-20. If you are under age 18, your parents must sign the Form I-20 for you.

Form I-20 Uses

The Form I-20 is an important document that you should keep safe, as you will need it throughout the international student life cycle.

Paying the I-901 SEVIS Fee

Before you pay the I-901 Student and  Exchange Visitor  Information System (SEVIS) Fee, you must receive the Form I-20 from a DSO at the school you plan to attend. You will need information from the Form I-20 to pay the fee. The  I-901 SEVIS Fee  is mandatory and must be paid before you enter the United States. 

In order to pay the I-901 SEVIS fee, all prospective F and M students will need to provide their:

• Name, address, date of birth and email address.
• Country of birth and country of citizenship.
• School Code as listed on the Form I-20 “Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status.”
• SEVIS Identification Number as listed on the Form I-20.

Applying for a nonimmigrant visa

The Form I-20 lists your program start date, 30 days before which you are allowed to enter the United States.  F-1 and M-1 student visas  can be issued up to 365 days in advance of your course of study start date. Your type of student visa must match the type of Form I-20 you have (e.g., F-1 or M-1). You are expected to have the original Form I-20 at your visa interview. The consular officer may accept a copy of the Form I-20 in limited circumstances that warrant visa issuance prior to you receiving the original Form I-20.

Entering the United States

You are expected to have the signed Form I-20 on hand as you enter the country. Do not pack it away in your suitcase. A  U.S. Customs and Border Protection  officer will instruct you to present your Form I-20 at the  port of entry . You may arrive up to 30 days before the start date listed on your Form I-20; or

Changing status to F or M while in the United States

You need a Form I-20 if you are already in the United States as another type of nonimmigrant and you are applying to USCIS to change your status to F or M.

Applying for benefits

Your Form I-20 proves that you are legally enrolled in a program of study in the United States. Therefore, it may be needed when you apply for the benefits available to F and M students. If you are eligible to apply for a  driver’s license  or a  social security number , remember to bring your Form I-20 with you.

When to Get a New Form I-20

After receiving the initial Form I-20 upon program acceptance, students may receive a new Form I-20 from their DSO in the following circumstances:

• If the physical copy of the form is destroyed or misplaced.
• For travel endorsement.
• When the student’s SEVIS status changes (e.g., from Initial to Active).
• For any substantive change to student information, such as changes to a student’s personal information, program of study, optional practical training, etc.

Redesigned Form I-20

As of July 1, 2016, the redesigned Form I-20 is required for all F and M nonimmigrant visa applications, entry into the United States, travel and applications for nonimmigrant benefits. The previous version of the Form I-20 (with a barcode) is now invalid. Students please note that your DSOs were responsible for providing an updated, hard copy of the Form I-20 with original signatures to all F-1 and M-1 students at their schools.

Related Tags: Form I-20

Ireland Post-Study Work Visa: Requirements, Rules, Fee

Link Copied

Share on Facebook

Share on Twitter

Share on LinkedIn

Work, Live, and Thrive in Ireland!

Ireland has a strong economy that creates a wealth of opportunities and attracts international graduates. Out of all the EU nations, Ireland’s economy grew by 12.2% in 2023. Recently, Ireland introduced a post-study work visa, which allows all international students to stay and work in Ireland for 1-2 years (based on the course selection) under the level graduate scheme. Ireland post-study work visa will enable international students to work and contribute to its robust economy. The duration of the applicant’s stay depends upon their qualification level. The National Framework for Qualification (NFQ) divides the Irish degrees into ten levels based on competence and skill standards. However, the Higher education qualification for the post-study work visa begins from level 6. The table below clearly explains the level of education and duration for obtaining post-study work visa duration.

Who is Eligible For an Ireland Post-Study Work Visa?

Let's look at the key eligibility criteria for Ireland's post-study work visa.

• Must have completed a course from a recognised Irish university
• Must have a statement or a letter from the university stating they have completed the course
• Permission to hold a valid stamp 2 student visa with an updated immigration card
• The immigration permission should not exceed eight years.
• Must comply and adhere to the laws of the state.
• Students must have a good and clean background

Types of Ireland Post-Study Work Visas

1. critical skills employment permit.

This Ireland post-study work visa was previously known as a green card and is provided so that individuals can work in the understaffed sectors. With the critical skills employment permit, individuals can stay and work in Ireland for two years before they apply for Permanent Residency .

Eligibility Criteria for the Critical Skills Employment Permit 

• The employer must be registered in Ireland and have an Irish license
• Must have a two-year job offer or have worked in the current company for at least a year
• Job profiles must have a bachelor’s degree and a  minimum compensation of £32,000 each year

2. General Employment Permit

This Ireland post-study work permit allows you to work in all kinds of occupations unless prohibited. The employee should pay £30,000 a year. You can work with this permit under a 12-month employment contract. The general employment permit is issued for two years and can be issued for another two to three years. After five years of work experience in Ireland, you can also apply for permanent Residency through Immigration service delivery.

Eligibility Criteria for the General Employment Permit 

• Must have a job offer in Ireland
• Graduation should have been completed in the last 12 months
• As determined by the Labor Market Needs test, the candidates must have the required qualifications and experience
• Must have a minimum income of £30,000 a year

3. Internship Employment Permit

Students who are studying in Ireland and looking for full-time courses can apply for this permit. This allows them to work in a company to gain work experience after completing their master’s degree. A six-month permit costs up to 500 euros, and a twelve month cost £1000.

Eligibility Criteria for Internship Employment Permit 

• The job role must be on the list of critical skills employment .
• The remuneration must match the national minimum wage or higher.
• The study program must be completely concerned with the skill shortages that are on the Critical skills employment list.
• The employment should help in the progression of the subject researched.
• Upon completing the internship, the student must leave Ireland and return to the institution to finish the course.

4. Third-level Graduate Scheme

If you want to stay in Ireland after completing your education, the third-level graduate scheme allows international graduates to remain in Ireland, given they should be holding an award from the Irish-recognised awarding body. The duration for the same is two years for Postgraduate holders and 3-4 years for undergraduate students. The awarding bodies are as follows:

• 7 Irish universities 
• Dublin Institute of Technology
• Institutes of Technology
• Quality and Qualifications Ireland (QQI)
• Royal College of Surgeons Ireland

Eligibility Criteria for Third-Level Graduate Scheme

• Notified in writing by the rewarding body that they have achieved the award as a student enrolled in the university.
• Must apply within six months of notification given by the awarding body
• Must not exceed the seven-year limit of their permission as an international student in Ireland.
• The program is not permitted on two different occasions.
• Must bear a good character and comply with the immigration rules imposed by the state

Documents Needed for Ireland Post-Study Work Visa

Find out which documents are essential when applying for an Ireland Post-Study Work Visa. 

• A valid passport
• Passport-sized photographs
• A signed copy of the employment contract.
• Details of the company or the employer or the company (Contact, Registration, Address)
• Medical Insurance
• Current valid IRP card
• Receipt of fee payment for registration

Cost of Ireland Post-Study Work Visa

The Ireland post-study work visa costs € 300, which can be refunded if the application is denied. Ensure you retain proof of payment for reference when applying. The costs for the other types of permits are as follows:

Processing Time For Ireland Post-Study Work Visa

The time taken to process an Ireland post-study work visa is 2-4 weeks; however, it can vary. Once the application is successful and you have applied online, you will receive a new IRP card within 10-15 working days. If an application is unsuccessful, you will receive an explanation and a refund of the fee payment.

Looking to stay in Ireland after your studies? Secure your student accommodation hassle-free with us!

Book through amber today!

Step-By-Step Process of Getting an Ireland Post-Study Work Visa 

Step 1: Collect and gather all of the required documents, including a valid passport, letter stating qualification, and stamp two visas.

Step 2: Carefully complete the form and apply for the Ireland post-study work visa online through the Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service (INIS) by providing accurate and complete details.

Step 3: Before submitting the document and application, make sure you keep the proof of payment as a receipt. Ensure your application is filled out and submitted. You may also have to provide biometrics to verify your identity.

Step 4: Await your approval: Once the application is processed, you will receive the decision in writing and a stamp of 1G permission, which allows you to work in Ireland. If the application is denied, the fee will be refunded.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can my family accompany me on ireland post-study work visa, are there any tax implications for international graduates working in ireland, can international professional network in ireland, what are the future expectations for entrepreneurship in ireland after graduation, what kind of assistance is provided to international graduates who face workplace challenges in ireland, can the international graduates who are on post-study work visa access the public healthcare, is it easy to travel to europe while working in ireland as an international graduate.

Your ideal student home & a flight ticket awaits

Follow us on :

Related Posts

What is a Layover Flight? Tips for Turning Flight Breaks into Fun

Top 10 UK Student Visa Rejection Reasons

30 Tips For Travelling Solo For An Unforgettable Experience In 2024

amber © 2024. All rights reserved.

4.8/5 on Trustpilot

Rated as "Excellent" • 4800+ Reviews by students

Rated as "Excellent" • 4800+ Reviews by Students

• Skip to main content

We use cookies

Necessary cookies.

Necessary cookies enable core functionality. The website cannot function properly without these cookies, and can only be disabled by changing your browser preferences.

Analytics cookies

Analytical cookies help us improve our website. We use Google Analytics. All data is anonymised.

Clarity helps us to understand our users’ behaviour by visually representing their clicks, taps and scrolling. All data is anonymised.

Privacy policy

• Careers, Employability & Opportunity
• International students and work in the UK

Graduate Route

• Getting a National Insurance number
• Where do I look for work?
• How do I write my previous qualifications from outside the UK? 
• How do I give myself the best chance of success?

The new Graduate Route opened for applications on 1 July 2021 to international students who successfully complete a degree at undergraduate level or above in the UK. It allows students on the Graduate Route to work or look for work after their studies for a maximum period of 2 years or 3 years for doctoral students.  More information can be found on our International Student Support webpages .