• Engineering
  • Write For Us
  • Privacy Policy

drug trafficking essay conclusion

Essay on Drug Abuse

essay on drug abuse

Here we have shared the Essay on Drug Abuse in detail so you can use it in your exam or assignment of 150, 250, 400, 500, or 1000 words.

You can use this Essay on Drug Abuse in any assignment or project whether you are in school (class 10th or 12th), college, or preparing for answer writing in competitive exams. 

Topics covered in this article.

Essay on Drug Abuse in 150 words

Essay on drug abuse in 250-300 words, essay on drug abuse in 500-1000 words.

Drug abuse is a global issue that poses serious risks to individuals and society. It involves the harmful and excessive use of drugs, leading to physical and mental health problems. Drug abuse can result in addiction, organ damage, cognitive impairment, and social and economic difficulties. Prevention efforts should focus on education, raising awareness about the dangers of drug abuse, and promoting healthy lifestyles. Access to quality healthcare and addiction treatment services is crucial for recovery. Strengthening law enforcement measures against drug trafficking is necessary to address the supply side of the problem. Creating supportive environments and opportunities for positive engagement can help prevent drug abuse. By taking collective action, we can combat drug abuse and build healthier communities.

Drug abuse is a growing global concern that poses significant risks to individuals, families, and communities. It refers to the excessive and harmful use of drugs, both legal and illegal, that have negative effects on physical and mental health.

Drug abuse has severe consequences for individuals and society. Physically, drug abuse can lead to addiction, damage vital organs, and increase the risk of overdose. Mentally, it can cause cognitive impairment, and psychological disorders, and deteriorate overall well-being. Additionally, drug abuse often leads to social and economic problems, such as strained relationships, loss of employment, and criminal activities.

Preventing drug abuse requires a multi-faceted approach. Education and awareness programs play a crucial role in informing individuals about the dangers of drug abuse and promoting healthy lifestyle choices. Access to quality healthcare and addiction treatment services is vital to help individuals recover from substance abuse. Strengthening law enforcement efforts to curb drug trafficking and promoting international cooperation is also essential to address the supply side of the issue.

Community support and a nurturing environment are critical in preventing drug abuse. Creating opportunities for individuals, especially young people, to engage in positive activities and providing social support systems can serve as protective factors against drug abuse.

In conclusion, drug abuse is a significant societal problem with detrimental effects on individuals and communities. It requires a comprehensive approach involving education, prevention, treatment, and enforcement. By addressing the root causes, raising awareness, and providing support to those affected, we can combat drug abuse and create a healthier and safer society for all.

Title: Drug Abuse – A Global Crisis Demanding Urgent Action

Introduction :

Drug abuse is a pressing global issue that poses significant risks to individuals, families, and communities. It refers to the excessive and harmful use of drugs, both legal and illegal, that have detrimental effects on physical and mental health. This essay explores the causes and consequences of drug abuse, the social and economic impact, prevention and treatment strategies, and the importance of raising awareness and fostering supportive communities in addressing this crisis.

Causes and Factors Contributing to Drug Abuse

Several factors contribute to drug abuse. Genetic predisposition, peer pressure, stress, trauma, and environmental influences play a role in initiating substance use. The availability and accessibility of drugs, as well as societal norms and cultural acceptance, also influence drug abuse patterns. Additionally, underlying mental health issues and co-occurring disorders can drive individuals to self-medicate with drugs.

Consequences of Drug Abuse

Drug abuse has devastating consequences on individuals and society. Physically, drug abuse can lead to addiction, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms. Substance abuse affects vital organs, impairs cognitive function, and increases the risk of accidents and injuries. Mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis, are often associated with drug abuse. Substance abuse also takes a toll on relationships, leading to strained family dynamics, social isolation, and financial instability. The social and economic costs of drug abuse include increased healthcare expenses, decreased productivity, and the burden on criminal justice systems.

Prevention and Education

Preventing drug abuse requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach. Education and awareness programs are essential in schools, communities, and the media to inform individuals about the risks and consequences of drug abuse. Promoting healthy coping mechanisms, stress management skills, and decision-making abilities can empower individuals to resist peer pressure and make informed choices. Early intervention programs that identify at-risk individuals and provide support and resources are crucial in preventing substance abuse.

Treatment and Recovery

Access to quality healthcare and evidence-based addiction treatment is vital in addressing drug abuse. Treatment options include detoxification, counseling, behavioral therapies, and medication-assisted treatments. Rehabilitation centers, support groups, and outpatient programs provide a continuum of care for individuals seeking recovery. Holistic approaches, such as addressing co-occurring mental health disorders and promoting healthy lifestyles, contribute to successful long-term recovery. Support from family, friends, and communities plays a significant role in sustaining recovery and preventing relapse.

Law Enforcement and Drug Policies

Effective law enforcement efforts are necessary to disrupt drug trafficking and dismantle illicit drug networks. International cooperation and collaboration are crucial in combating the global drug trade. Additionally, drug policies should focus on a balanced approach that combines law enforcement with prevention, treatment, and harm reduction strategies. Shifting the emphasis from punitive measures toward prevention and rehabilitation can lead to more effective outcomes.

Creating Supportive Communities:

Fostering supportive communities is vital in addressing drug abuse. Communities should provide resources, social support networks, and opportunities for positive engagement. This includes promoting healthy recreational activities, providing vocational training, and creating safe spaces for individuals in recovery. Reducing the stigma associated with drug abuse and encouraging empathy and understanding are crucial to building a compassionate and supportive environment.

Conclusion :

Drug abuse remains a complex and multifaceted issue with far-reaching consequences. By addressing the causes, raising awareness, implementing preventive measures, providing quality treatment and support services, and fostering supportive communities, we can combat drug abuse and alleviate its impact. It requires collaboration and a collective effort from individuals, communities, governments, and organizations to build a society that is resilient against the scourge of drug abuse. Through education, prevention, treatment, and compassion, we can pave the way toward a healthier and drug-free future.

Related Articles More From Author

What is pharmacognosy, essay on community service, essay on plagiarism.

drug trafficking essay conclusion

Drug trafficking essay

Drug trafficking is one of the most serious problems for most countries all over the world. Unfortunately, this type of business is rather profitable, if not to consider that it is constantly related to murders, kidnapping, prostitution and other crimes. Certainly drug trafficking contributes to better distribution of drugs, thus involving more and more people, making them addicted. Taking into consideration all the possible dangers, drugs are able to bring to any society, most countries are working constantly in order to prevent use and distribution of drugs which are not legal. The rage of responsibility varies in different countries, from fines and several years in prison to death punishment in China for example. Generally, “drug trafficking” means production, distribution and sale of illegal drugs. (Syal, 2009, p. 2). In this paper we are going to stop at some historical information, related to drugs and drug trafficking, the effects drug trafficking has upon people and societies, we will use some concrete examples of illegal drugs and finally discuss possible ways of limiting distribution of drugs or banning it on the basis of the Obama’s National Drug Control Strategy.

Historically, it is possible to talk about appearance of illegal drug trade around the beginning of the 19 th century. “China retaliated by enforcing the ban on imports of opium that led to the First Opium War (1839–1842) between Great Britain and Qing dynasty China” (Berridge, 1981, p. 5). The highest authorities in China struggled against free sales of opium, whereas United Kingdom pushed China to let the merchants from China bring opium without any bans. However the volumes of opium trade continued to grow, because smoking opium turned into a habit among usual people. No wonder that the number of opium addicts grew immensely in the 19 th century. The Second Opium War took place in 1856, the result of the two wars was that “the British Crown, via the treaties of Nanking and Tianjin , took large sums of money from the Chinese government through this illegal trade, which were referred to as “reparations” (Berridge, 1981, p. 10).

In the year 1868, the government of the UK took the decision to restrict sale of opium in the Pharmacy Act. In 1914 Harrison Act followed in the United States. Thus, it is clear, that even taking into consideration the fact, that opium sale brought good profits, sooner or later, governments had to restrict and take under control illegal drugs, in order not to worsen the situation with addicted people.

Further, it is necessary to study the effects of the illegal drug trade upon usual people, as well as societies in generally, in detail. This is evident, that those countries, where drugs transit and distribution was widely developed, had to face the problems with drug addicted individuals.

Most researches confirm the fact that illegal drug trade is closely related to crimes’ rate, namely such violent crimes, as murders. In this case we are unfortunately talking not only about developing, but about developed countries as well. For example, “In the late 1990s in the United States the Federal Bureau of Investigation estimated that 5% of murders were drug-related” (Berridge, 1981, p 3).

The UK government’s surveys also underlined, that because of high cost of the illegal drugs and strong addiction, people are likely to commit serious crimes, including robberies, burglaries, murders and so on. “The cost of crime committed to support illegal cocaine and heroin habits amounts to £16 billion a year in the UK” (Epstein, 1989, p. 13). The fact, that drugs were illegal, unfortunately could not restrict the actual sale and distribution, on the contrary this field of criminal activity was able to bring such high profits and the system was so well-built, that drugs became integrated into the American culture. “This high price is caused by a combination of factors that include the potential legal ramifications that exist for suppliers of illicit drugs and their high demand. (Limited supply can be caused by a range of factors) (Epstein, 1989, p.14).There appeared certain layers of society, where the high cost could not be an obstacle and drugs were used as a type of recreational activity. Irrespective of constant attempts to seize control over this problem by the authorities, it is still remaining actual for the USA as well as other countries all over the world. The 1940s brought prohibition of opiates, the 1960s – of marijuana and the 1970s – of heroin, however cocaine and other drugs continued to arrive to the U.S. through the Mexican border. “An estimated $10 billion of the Mexican drug cartel’s profits come from the United States, not only supplying the Mexican drug cartels with the profit necessary for survival, but also furthering Americans’ economic dependence on drugs.” (Epstein, 1989, p 16). The results were that first of all the number of drug-addicted people constantly grew and secondly, illegal drugs’ trade proved to be a business of very high profits and in fact a lot of businessmen invested exactly into this industry.

Demographic was also in a way under influence of illegal drugs. Starting from the 1960s a lot of immigrants arrived to America and the diversity of public was evident. As several decades pasted, more and more criminal records, related to murders and other criminal acts on the basis of drug addiction, were created. Certainly the situation was different in different cities, however generally it really caused a great concern. “An example of this could be seen in Miami, a city with a host of ethnic enclaves. [44] Between 1985 and 1995, the homicide rate in Miami was one of the highest in the nation and rated four times the national homicide average” (Epstein, 1989, p. 22). The decades between 1960s and 1980s also revealed the effects of drug trade upon the baby boomer generation. The demand for marijuana and other drugs was getting higher and higher during this period, resulting in its turn in increase of criminal cases, including suicide, murders, substance abuse. Thus, the insufficient control and restriction of illegal drugs had really serious impact upon individuals as well as societies in general.

Political impact, which illegal drug trade had, could not be underestimated as well. The above-mentioned generation of the baby boomers was used to confront laws on various issues, including illegal drugs. The government was taking specific steps in order to restrict drug trafficking and trade, but with poor results. Marijuana was imported from the Latin America, whereas cocaine was received from Mexico and Colombia. “Due to the influence of this development on the U.S. economy, the Reagan Administration began “certifying” countries for their attempts at controlling drug trafficking” (Syal, 2009, p. 10). During the 1980s America pushed more for restriction of drug transit. The result was that more drugs arrived from Mexico: in the beginning of the 1990s – these were around 50 % of cocaine and by the middle of the 1990s – the percentage increased up to 90 %. Some researches state that between the years 1996 and 2000 the total consumption of cocaine on the territory of the U.S. decreased by 11 %.

The Merida Initiative was a state program, which was initiated in 2008, with the major aim to stop drug trafficking from Mexico. The financial assistance from America, along with possibility to buy the necessary equipment was supposed to produce their positive effect. Unfortunately, the drug trade continued. Thus it is evident, that illegal drug trade has its impact upon internal political situation in any country as well as upon international relations in general.

Cannabis is one of the most popular drugs, the legalization of which till the moment remains a rather controversial issue. Most countries all over the world defined this drug as an illegal one. There are countries, as Canada for example, which made cannabis legal for recreational use, with restriction of its import and distribution. In the year 2014 Uruguay considered legalization of cultivation and sale of cannabis for adult individuals with recreational purposes. In the Netherlands possession and licensed sale of cannabis are not prohibited, however cultivation of the drug is against the law.

Heroin is another wide-spread illegal drug, initially cultivated in the Golden Triangle – Southeast Asia. In addition, opiate was transported from Afghanistan and Mexico. “According to the United States Drug Enforcement Administration , the price of heroin is typically valued 8 to 10 times that of cocaine on American streets, making it a high-profit substance for smugglers and dealers” (Syal, 2009, p. 10). The price of heroin, which is up to 10 times higher than that of cocaine, guarantees dealers and distributors good profits. High costs also contribute to easier transportation, as small doses are easier to hide. One the other hand, penalties for smuggling and heroin sale are rather serious in most countries, including life sentence or even death sentences.

Methamphetamine is also rather popular under such names as “ice”, “meth”. It is often produced at some rolling meth labs, which makes it rather difficult to detect. This drug is very dangerous due to its injectable form, which might be the source of such infections as HIV or hepatitis C. Usually it is inhaled through some kind of tube.

Temazepam, another example of wide-spread illegal drugs, is “a strong hypnotic benzodiazepine , is illicitly manufactured in clandestine laboratories to supply the increasingly high demand for the hypnotic drug internationally (Syal, 2009, p. 8). Eastern Europe is the place of concentration of such labs. In the United Kingdom temazepam belongs to legal drugs and is very often abused. In Sweden it was banned after numerous deaths caused by the drug.

Thus in this section we have briefly studied some examples of the widely –spread illegal drugs, countries of their origin and application, possible negative effects and risks of the most famous illegal drugs.

It is evident, that the problems of drug abuse, drug distribution and drug trafficking need complex solutions from the authorities. A lot of politic leaders and government representatives contributed their efforts into solving of the illegal drugs problems. President Obama is not an exception, in May 2010 he released the National Drug Control Strategy. “ The press release states that the report “establishes five-year goals for reducing drug use and its consequences through a balanced policy of prevention, treatment, enforcement, and international cooperation ( Syal, 2009, p. 13 ). This Strategy suggests five-year goals aiming at reduction of drug abuse, namely:

“ • Reduce the rate of youth drug use by 15 percent; • Decrease drug use among young adults by 10 percent; • Reduce the number of chronic drug users by 15 percent; • Reduce the incidence of drug-induced deaths by 15 percent; and • Reduce the prevalence of drugged driving by 10 percent” (Syal, 2009, p. 13).

The three main challenges, described in this strategy include prevention of drug use, of driving under drug impact and prescription drug abuse. A separate place in the strategy is devoted to the problem of recovery of the people, who already became addicted and need urgent and concrete help. Addiction is not the final sentence, there are many case, where the situation might be returned under control with the help of special community addiction centers, development of new medications and so on.

Overall, in this paper we have studied the notion of drug trafficking, its historical development and various approaches, applied in different countries towards this problem; we have pointed out some concrete spheres of illegal drug abuse influences, including political, social spheres; we have listed the most popular and wide-spread drugs, their major qualities, places of cultivation and ways of transportation and distribution. All this information is vitally important for understanding the necessity of better international along with internal control of illegal drugs and their trafficking, as well as possible means and strategies, which would positively contribute to restriction and control of drug trafficking for the sake of future healthy generations.

Do you like this essay?

Our writers can write a paper like this for you!

Order your paper here .

  • Search Menu

Sign in through your institution

  • Browse content in Arts and Humanities
  • Browse content in Archaeology
  • Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Archaeology
  • Archaeological Methodology and Techniques
  • Archaeology by Region
  • Archaeology of Religion
  • Archaeology of Trade and Exchange
  • Biblical Archaeology
  • Contemporary and Public Archaeology
  • Environmental Archaeology
  • Historical Archaeology
  • History and Theory of Archaeology
  • Industrial Archaeology
  • Landscape Archaeology
  • Mortuary Archaeology
  • Prehistoric Archaeology
  • Underwater Archaeology
  • Zooarchaeology
  • Browse content in Architecture
  • Architectural Structure and Design
  • History of Architecture
  • Residential and Domestic Buildings
  • Theory of Architecture
  • Browse content in Art
  • Art Subjects and Themes
  • History of Art
  • Industrial and Commercial Art
  • Theory of Art
  • Biographical Studies
  • Byzantine Studies
  • Browse content in Classical Studies
  • Classical Numismatics
  • Classical Literature
  • Classical Reception
  • Classical History
  • Classical Philosophy
  • Classical Mythology
  • Classical Art and Architecture
  • Classical Oratory and Rhetoric
  • Greek and Roman Papyrology
  • Greek and Roman Archaeology
  • Greek and Roman Epigraphy
  • Greek and Roman Law
  • Late Antiquity
  • Religion in the Ancient World
  • Social History
  • Digital Humanities
  • Browse content in History
  • Colonialism and Imperialism
  • Diplomatic History
  • Environmental History
  • Genealogy, Heraldry, Names, and Honours
  • Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing
  • Historical Geography
  • History by Period
  • History of Emotions
  • History of Agriculture
  • History of Education
  • History of Gender and Sexuality
  • Industrial History
  • Intellectual History
  • International History
  • Labour History
  • Legal and Constitutional History
  • Local and Family History
  • Maritime History
  • Military History
  • National Liberation and Post-Colonialism
  • Oral History
  • Political History
  • Public History
  • Regional and National History
  • Revolutions and Rebellions
  • Slavery and Abolition of Slavery
  • Social and Cultural History
  • Theory, Methods, and Historiography
  • Urban History
  • World History
  • Browse content in Language Teaching and Learning
  • Language Learning (Specific Skills)
  • Language Teaching Theory and Methods
  • Browse content in Linguistics
  • Applied Linguistics
  • Cognitive Linguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Forensic Linguistics
  • Grammar, Syntax and Morphology
  • Historical and Diachronic Linguistics
  • History of English
  • Language Evolution
  • Language Reference
  • Language Variation
  • Language Families
  • Language Acquisition
  • Lexicography
  • Linguistic Anthropology
  • Linguistic Theories
  • Linguistic Typology
  • Phonetics and Phonology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Sociolinguistics
  • Translation and Interpretation
  • Writing Systems
  • Browse content in Literature
  • Bibliography
  • Children's Literature Studies
  • Literary Studies (Romanticism)
  • Literary Studies (American)
  • Literary Studies (Modernism)
  • Literary Studies (Asian)
  • Literary Studies (European)
  • Literary Studies (Eco-criticism)
  • Literary Studies - World
  • Literary Studies (1500 to 1800)
  • Literary Studies (19th Century)
  • Literary Studies (20th Century onwards)
  • Literary Studies (African American Literature)
  • Literary Studies (British and Irish)
  • Literary Studies (Early and Medieval)
  • Literary Studies (Fiction, Novelists, and Prose Writers)
  • Literary Studies (Gender Studies)
  • Literary Studies (Graphic Novels)
  • Literary Studies (History of the Book)
  • Literary Studies (Plays and Playwrights)
  • Literary Studies (Poetry and Poets)
  • Literary Studies (Postcolonial Literature)
  • Literary Studies (Queer Studies)
  • Literary Studies (Science Fiction)
  • Literary Studies (Travel Literature)
  • Literary Studies (War Literature)
  • Literary Studies (Women's Writing)
  • Literary Theory and Cultural Studies
  • Mythology and Folklore
  • Shakespeare Studies and Criticism
  • Browse content in Media Studies
  • Browse content in Music
  • Applied Music
  • Dance and Music
  • Ethics in Music
  • Ethnomusicology
  • Gender and Sexuality in Music
  • Medicine and Music
  • Music Cultures
  • Music and Media
  • Music and Culture
  • Music and Religion
  • Music Education and Pedagogy
  • Music Theory and Analysis
  • Musical Scores, Lyrics, and Libretti
  • Musical Structures, Styles, and Techniques
  • Musicology and Music History
  • Performance Practice and Studies
  • Race and Ethnicity in Music
  • Sound Studies
  • Browse content in Performing Arts
  • Browse content in Philosophy
  • Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art
  • Epistemology
  • Feminist Philosophy
  • History of Western Philosophy
  • Metaphysics
  • Moral Philosophy
  • Non-Western Philosophy
  • Philosophy of Language
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Philosophy of Perception
  • Philosophy of Action
  • Philosophy of Law
  • Philosophy of Religion
  • Philosophy of Science
  • Philosophy of Mathematics and Logic
  • Practical Ethics
  • Social and Political Philosophy
  • Browse content in Religion
  • Biblical Studies
  • Christianity
  • East Asian Religions
  • History of Religion
  • Judaism and Jewish Studies
  • Qumran Studies
  • Religion and Education
  • Religion and Health
  • Religion and Politics
  • Religion and Science
  • Religion and Law
  • Religion and Art, Literature, and Music
  • Religious Studies
  • Browse content in Society and Culture
  • Cookery, Food, and Drink
  • Cultural Studies
  • Customs and Traditions
  • Ethical Issues and Debates
  • Hobbies, Games, Arts and Crafts
  • Natural world, Country Life, and Pets
  • Popular Beliefs and Controversial Knowledge
  • Sports and Outdoor Recreation
  • Technology and Society
  • Travel and Holiday
  • Visual Culture
  • Browse content in Law
  • Arbitration
  • Browse content in Company and Commercial Law
  • Commercial Law
  • Company Law
  • Browse content in Comparative Law
  • Systems of Law
  • Competition Law
  • Browse content in Constitutional and Administrative Law
  • Government Powers
  • Judicial Review
  • Local Government Law
  • Military and Defence Law
  • Parliamentary and Legislative Practice
  • Construction Law
  • Contract Law
  • Browse content in Criminal Law
  • Criminal Procedure
  • Criminal Evidence Law
  • Sentencing and Punishment
  • Employment and Labour Law
  • Environment and Energy Law
  • Browse content in Financial Law
  • Banking Law
  • Insolvency Law
  • History of Law
  • Human Rights and Immigration
  • Intellectual Property Law
  • Browse content in International Law
  • Private International Law and Conflict of Laws
  • Public International Law
  • IT and Communications Law
  • Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law
  • Law and Society
  • Law and Politics
  • Browse content in Legal System and Practice
  • Courts and Procedure
  • Legal Skills and Practice
  • Legal System - Costs and Funding
  • Primary Sources of Law
  • Regulation of Legal Profession
  • Medical and Healthcare Law
  • Browse content in Policing
  • Criminal Investigation and Detection
  • Police and Security Services
  • Police Procedure and Law
  • Police Regional Planning
  • Browse content in Property Law
  • Personal Property Law
  • Restitution
  • Study and Revision
  • Terrorism and National Security Law
  • Browse content in Trusts Law
  • Wills and Probate or Succession
  • Browse content in Medicine and Health
  • Browse content in Allied Health Professions
  • Arts Therapies
  • Clinical Science
  • Dietetics and Nutrition
  • Occupational Therapy
  • Operating Department Practice
  • Physiotherapy
  • Radiography
  • Speech and Language Therapy
  • Browse content in Anaesthetics
  • General Anaesthesia
  • Clinical Neuroscience
  • Browse content in Clinical Medicine
  • Acute Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Genetics
  • Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
  • Dermatology
  • Endocrinology and Diabetes
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genito-urinary Medicine
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Toxicology
  • Medical Oncology
  • Pain Medicine
  • Palliative Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonology
  • Rheumatology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Sports and Exercise Medicine
  • Community Medical Services
  • Critical Care
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Forensic Medicine
  • Haematology
  • History of Medicine
  • Browse content in Medical Skills
  • Clinical Skills
  • Communication Skills
  • Nursing Skills
  • Surgical Skills
  • Medical Ethics
  • Browse content in Medical Dentistry
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Paediatric Dentistry
  • Restorative Dentistry and Orthodontics
  • Surgical Dentistry
  • Medical Statistics and Methodology
  • Browse content in Neurology
  • Clinical Neurophysiology
  • Neuropathology
  • Nursing Studies
  • Browse content in Obstetrics and Gynaecology
  • Gynaecology
  • Occupational Medicine
  • Ophthalmology
  • Otolaryngology (ENT)
  • Browse content in Paediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Browse content in Pathology
  • Chemical Pathology
  • Clinical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics
  • Histopathology
  • Medical Microbiology and Virology
  • Patient Education and Information
  • Browse content in Pharmacology
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Browse content in Popular Health
  • Caring for Others
  • Complementary and Alternative Medicine
  • Self-help and Personal Development
  • Browse content in Preclinical Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology and Genetics
  • Reproduction, Growth and Development
  • Primary Care
  • Professional Development in Medicine
  • Browse content in Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Forensic Psychiatry
  • Learning Disabilities
  • Old Age Psychiatry
  • Psychotherapy
  • Browse content in Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Browse content in Radiology
  • Clinical Radiology
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Browse content in Surgery
  • Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • Gastro-intestinal and Colorectal Surgery
  • General Surgery
  • Neurosurgery
  • Paediatric Surgery
  • Peri-operative Care
  • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Browse content in Science and Mathematics
  • Browse content in Biological Sciences
  • Aquatic Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Ecology and Conservation
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Microbiology
  • Molecular and Cell Biology
  • Natural History
  • Plant Sciences and Forestry
  • Research Methods in Life Sciences
  • Structural Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Zoology and Animal Sciences
  • Browse content in Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Industrial Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Mineralogy and Gems
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Study and Communication Skills in Chemistry
  • Theoretical Chemistry
  • Browse content in Computer Science
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Architecture and Logic Design
  • Game Studies
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Mathematical Theory of Computation
  • Programming Languages
  • Software Engineering
  • Systems Analysis and Design
  • Virtual Reality
  • Browse content in Computing
  • Business Applications
  • Computer Games
  • Computer Security
  • Computer Networking and Communications
  • Digital Lifestyle
  • Graphical and Digital Media Applications
  • Operating Systems
  • Browse content in Earth Sciences and Geography
  • Atmospheric Sciences
  • Environmental Geography
  • Geology and the Lithosphere
  • Maps and Map-making
  • Meteorology and Climatology
  • Oceanography and Hydrology
  • Palaeontology
  • Physical Geography and Topography
  • Regional Geography
  • Soil Science
  • Urban Geography
  • Browse content in Engineering and Technology
  • Agriculture and Farming
  • Biological Engineering
  • Civil Engineering, Surveying, and Building
  • Electronics and Communications Engineering
  • Energy Technology
  • Engineering (General)
  • Environmental Science, Engineering, and Technology
  • History of Engineering and Technology
  • Mechanical Engineering and Materials
  • Technology of Industrial Chemistry
  • Transport Technology and Trades
  • Browse content in Environmental Science
  • Applied Ecology (Environmental Science)
  • Conservation of the Environment (Environmental Science)
  • Environmental Sustainability
  • Environmentalist Thought and Ideology (Environmental Science)
  • Management of Land and Natural Resources (Environmental Science)
  • Natural Disasters (Environmental Science)
  • Nuclear Issues (Environmental Science)
  • Pollution and Threats to the Environment (Environmental Science)
  • Social Impact of Environmental Issues (Environmental Science)
  • History of Science and Technology
  • Browse content in Materials Science
  • Ceramics and Glasses
  • Composite Materials
  • Metals, Alloying, and Corrosion
  • Nanotechnology
  • Browse content in Mathematics
  • Applied Mathematics
  • Biomathematics and Statistics
  • History of Mathematics
  • Mathematical Education
  • Mathematical Finance
  • Mathematical Analysis
  • Numerical and Computational Mathematics
  • Probability and Statistics
  • Pure Mathematics
  • Browse content in Neuroscience
  • Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience
  • Development of the Nervous System
  • Disorders of the Nervous System
  • History of Neuroscience
  • Invertebrate Neurobiology
  • Molecular and Cellular Systems
  • Neuroendocrinology and Autonomic Nervous System
  • Neuroscientific Techniques
  • Sensory and Motor Systems
  • Browse content in Physics
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Biological and Medical Physics
  • Classical Mechanics
  • Computational Physics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Electromagnetism, Optics, and Acoustics
  • History of Physics
  • Mathematical and Statistical Physics
  • Measurement Science
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Particles and Fields
  • Plasma Physics
  • Quantum Physics
  • Relativity and Gravitation
  • Semiconductor and Mesoscopic Physics
  • Browse content in Psychology
  • Affective Sciences
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Criminal and Forensic Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Evolutionary Psychology
  • Health Psychology
  • History and Systems in Psychology
  • Music Psychology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Organizational Psychology
  • Psychological Assessment and Testing
  • Psychology of Human-Technology Interaction
  • Psychology Professional Development and Training
  • Research Methods in Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Browse content in Social Sciences
  • Browse content in Anthropology
  • Anthropology of Religion
  • Human Evolution
  • Medical Anthropology
  • Physical Anthropology
  • Regional Anthropology
  • Social and Cultural Anthropology
  • Theory and Practice of Anthropology
  • Browse content in Business and Management
  • Business Ethics
  • Business History
  • Business Strategy
  • Business and Technology
  • Business and Government
  • Business and the Environment
  • Comparative Management
  • Corporate Governance
  • Corporate Social Responsibility
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Health Management
  • Human Resource Management
  • Industrial and Employment Relations
  • Industry Studies
  • Information and Communication Technologies
  • International Business
  • Knowledge Management
  • Management and Management Techniques
  • Operations Management
  • Organizational Theory and Behaviour
  • Pensions and Pension Management
  • Public and Nonprofit Management
  • Social Issues in Business and Management
  • Strategic Management
  • Supply Chain Management
  • Browse content in Criminology and Criminal Justice
  • Criminal Justice
  • Criminology
  • Forms of Crime
  • International and Comparative Criminology
  • Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice
  • Development Studies
  • Browse content in Economics
  • Agricultural, Environmental, and Natural Resource Economics
  • Asian Economics
  • Behavioural Finance
  • Behavioural Economics and Neuroeconomics
  • Econometrics and Mathematical Economics
  • Economic History
  • Economic Methodology
  • Economic Systems
  • Economic Development and Growth
  • Financial Markets
  • Financial Institutions and Services
  • General Economics and Teaching
  • Health, Education, and Welfare
  • History of Economic Thought
  • International Economics
  • Labour and Demographic Economics
  • Law and Economics
  • Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
  • Microeconomics
  • Public Economics
  • Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics
  • Welfare Economics
  • Browse content in Education
  • Adult Education and Continuous Learning
  • Care and Counselling of Students
  • Early Childhood and Elementary Education
  • Educational Equipment and Technology
  • Educational Strategies and Policy
  • Higher and Further Education
  • Organization and Management of Education
  • Philosophy and Theory of Education
  • Schools Studies
  • Secondary Education
  • Teaching of a Specific Subject
  • Teaching of Specific Groups and Special Educational Needs
  • Teaching Skills and Techniques
  • Browse content in Environment
  • Applied Ecology (Social Science)
  • Climate Change
  • Conservation of the Environment (Social Science)
  • Environmentalist Thought and Ideology (Social Science)
  • Management of Land and Natural Resources (Social Science)
  • Natural Disasters (Environment)
  • Pollution and Threats to the Environment (Social Science)
  • Social Impact of Environmental Issues (Social Science)
  • Sustainability
  • Browse content in Human Geography
  • Cultural Geography
  • Economic Geography
  • Political Geography
  • Browse content in Interdisciplinary Studies
  • Communication Studies
  • Museums, Libraries, and Information Sciences
  • Browse content in Politics
  • African Politics
  • Asian Politics
  • Chinese Politics
  • Comparative Politics
  • Conflict Politics
  • Elections and Electoral Studies
  • Environmental Politics
  • Ethnic Politics
  • European Union
  • Foreign Policy
  • Gender and Politics
  • Human Rights and Politics
  • Indian Politics
  • International Relations
  • International Organization (Politics)
  • Irish Politics
  • Latin American Politics
  • Middle Eastern Politics
  • Political Behaviour
  • Political Economy
  • Political Institutions
  • Political Theory
  • Political Methodology
  • Political Communication
  • Political Philosophy
  • Political Sociology
  • Politics and Law
  • Politics of Development
  • Public Policy
  • Public Administration
  • Qualitative Political Methodology
  • Quantitative Political Methodology
  • Regional Political Studies
  • Russian Politics
  • Security Studies
  • State and Local Government
  • UK Politics
  • US Politics
  • Browse content in Regional and Area Studies
  • African Studies
  • Asian Studies
  • East Asian Studies
  • Japanese Studies
  • Latin American Studies
  • Middle Eastern Studies
  • Native American Studies
  • Scottish Studies
  • Browse content in Research and Information
  • Research Methods
  • Browse content in Social Work
  • Addictions and Substance Misuse
  • Adoption and Fostering
  • Care of the Elderly
  • Child and Adolescent Social Work
  • Couple and Family Social Work
  • Direct Practice and Clinical Social Work
  • Emergency Services
  • Human Behaviour and the Social Environment
  • International and Global Issues in Social Work
  • Mental and Behavioural Health
  • Social Justice and Human Rights
  • Social Policy and Advocacy
  • Social Work and Crime and Justice
  • Social Work Macro Practice
  • Social Work Practice Settings
  • Social Work Research and Evidence-based Practice
  • Welfare and Benefit Systems
  • Browse content in Sociology
  • Childhood Studies
  • Community Development
  • Comparative and Historical Sociology
  • Disability Studies
  • Economic Sociology
  • Gender and Sexuality
  • Gerontology and Ageing
  • Health, Illness, and Medicine
  • Marriage and the Family
  • Migration Studies
  • Occupations, Professions, and Work
  • Organizations
  • Population and Demography
  • Race and Ethnicity
  • Social Theory
  • Social Movements and Social Change
  • Social Research and Statistics
  • Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
  • Sociology of Religion
  • Sociology of Education
  • Sport and Leisure
  • Urban and Rural Studies
  • Browse content in Warfare and Defence
  • Defence Strategy, Planning, and Research
  • Land Forces and Warfare
  • Military Administration
  • Military Life and Institutions
  • Naval Forces and Warfare
  • Other Warfare and Defence Issues
  • Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution
  • Weapons and Equipment

Transforming the War on Drugs: Warriors, Victims and Vulnerable Regions

  • < Previous chapter

15 Conclusion: Transforming the War on Drugs: A Pathway to Change the Current Paradigm

  • Published: December 2021
  • Cite Icon Cite
  • Permissions Icon Permissions

The conclusion synthesizes the overall contribution of the book. It reflects on how, since the United States’ declaration of the so-called War on Drugs fifty years ago, the paradigm has gone global, with manifold faces across different regions, and how it has changed its character over time. It proposes to transform the War on Drugs paradigm and presents seven recommendations on a way forward. It discusses both short-term and long-term considerations for more effective drug policies. Finally, the chapter points to the implications that the transformation of the War on Drugs paradigm can have for effectuating positive change in other areas of global affairs, such as the War on Terror.

Personal account

  • Sign in with email/username & password
  • Get email alerts
  • Save searches
  • Purchase content
  • Activate your purchase/trial code
  • Add your ORCID iD

Institutional access

Sign in with a library card.

  • Sign in with username/password
  • Recommend to your librarian
  • Institutional account management
  • Get help with access

Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:

IP based access

Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.

Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.

  • Click Sign in through your institution.
  • Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.
  • When on the institution site, please use the credentials provided by your institution. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.
  • Following successful sign in, you will be returned to Oxford Academic.

If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.

Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.

Society Members

Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:

Sign in through society site

Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:

  • Click Sign in through society site.
  • When on the society site, please use the credentials provided by that society. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account.

If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.

Sign in using a personal account

Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.

A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.

Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.

Viewing your signed in accounts

Click the account icon in the top right to:

  • View your signed in personal account and access account management features.
  • View the institutional accounts that are providing access.

Signed in but can't access content

Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.

For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.

Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.

Month: Total Views:
October 2022 4
November 2022 11
December 2022 6
January 2023 7
February 2023 6
March 2023 2
April 2023 12
May 2023 17
June 2023 4
July 2023 9
August 2023 4
September 2023 5
October 2023 5
November 2023 3
December 2023 1
January 2024 2
February 2024 5
March 2024 8
April 2024 1
May 2024 7
June 2024 2
  • About Oxford Academic
  • Publish journals with us
  • University press partners
  • What we publish
  • New features  
  • Open access
  • Rights and permissions
  • Accessibility
  • Advertising
  • Media enquiries
  • Oxford University Press
  • Oxford Languages
  • University of Oxford

Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide

  • Copyright © 2024 Oxford University Press
  • Cookie settings
  • Cookie policy
  • Privacy policy
  • Legal notice

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

Sign In or Create an Account

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.

International Drug Trafficking

Introduction.

International Drug Trafficking is the worldwide illegal trade that involves the manufacture, cultivation, and distribution of substances subject to laws on drug prohibition and is approximated to be 32 billion USD business. The lately launched UNODC campaigning program in international organized crime outlines that drug trafficking continues to be the profitable business for criminals globally (Rousseau, 2017). The solution to international drug trafficking is strengthening sanctions of drug vendors. The government must increase the usage of sanctions on private and public individuals determined to be involved in illegal activities like the expansion of the Chief’s Missions to suspend non-immigrant visas for families and individuals. Because of the scope and jointly constitutional way of intercontinental drug trafficking with worldwide societal, political and economic forces, analytically understanding this matter is vital.

Background Information

The worldwide illicit drug trafficking is huge in scope, with many consequences for the developing and developed world. With the approximated yearly value of around 300 to 400 billion USD, intercontinental drug trafficking overshadows the value of numerous legalized commodities in the worldwide economy (Fritsvold, 2012). This huge underground criminal market also undermines key institutions, gives revenue to entrenched organized criminal groups, infiltrate the financial sector, corrupts law enforcement, destabilizes regions widespread with unrest, and complicates national security matters (Jenner, 2011).

Recent years have intensely reconfigured intercontinental drug trafficking. Whereas the US is considered to be the biggest consumer of illegal drugs, recently, the country has witnessed a diffident shift away from penal prohibition policies (Fritsvold, 2012); many states have relaxed marijuana regulations, and there have been uncertain de-escalation of penalties at the federal level (Chepesiuk & Chepesiuk, 1999).

The previous ten years have similarly witnessed a substantial increase in cocaine usage in Europe, which created the region as a hub in the worldwide market for illegal drugs. Additionally, the main source of the globe’s opium has mainly been transferred from the Golden Triangle to the Golden Crescent and Afghanistan; that change has significantly impacted the political economy and extensive conflicts in the region. Initially delegated to traffic drugs into America by Colombian cartels, Mexican drug trafficking groups have been emerging as possibly, the leading force in the drug business in the modern world (Jenner, 2011). Those deep-seated illicit groups established control over long-lasting trafficking paths into America.

International drug abuse and trafficking in the US virtually affect all aspects of people’s daily lives. The economic cost is huge, approximated to nearly 215 billion. Some of the damages caused by drug addiction and abuse are mirrored in the overworked justice system, a strained health system, environmental distraction and lost productivity. The results of illegal drug abuses are very common, causing emotional and physical damage to the users and negatively affecting their coworkers, families, and others with whom they have contact (Jenner, 2011). Drug abuse negatively affects the health of users, normally resulting in disease and sickness. In most cases, users die prematurely from drug-related illnesses and drug overdoses. Most of the users are productive workers whose deaths leave the organizations paralyzed; others are parents whose parents leave their kids in foster care and relatives (Chepesiuk & Chepesiuk, 1999). Violations of drug law constitute a significant percentage of imprisonment in federal, local and state facilities and represent the most common arrest categories.

The consequences of illicit drug use impact the entire criminal justice system, taxing resources at each stage of the arrest, adjudication, incarceration, and post-release supervision process (Fritsvold, 2012). Even though diversion programs and drug courts in numerous jurisdictions have played a key role in alleviating this problem, drug abuse and drug trafficking in the criminal justice system remains prevalent.

Injury, illness, and premature mortality result in imprisonment and incapacitation all serve to decrease national productivity directly. Public financial resources spent in criminal justice, as well as healthcare due to illegal drug trafficking and abuse, are resources that would in one way be available for policy initiatives (Chepesiuk & Chepesiuk, 1999). There is the greatest loss of productivity related to premature mortality. In the year 2005, there were around 26,858 deaths that were undetermined-intent or unintentional- in 2004, 95% of those poisonings were caused by drugs (Galindo, 2022). Even though it is hard to place cash on the value of human life, a rough estimate of productivity loss can be made on basis of the present discounted value of a person’s lifetime earnings.

There are similarly losses related to health productivity. A person admitted to the healthcare facility or entering a residential drug for treatment becomes incapacitated and is forced to come out from the labour. TEDs data indicate that there were roughly 1.8 million admissions to state-licensed hospitals and clinics for illegal drug abuse and dependence in 2007 (Rousseau, 2017). The loss of productivity in this area is huge.

There is roughly 25 percent of criminals in local and federal correctional facilities. More than fifty percent of these criminals are in federal hospitals imprisoned on charges related to drugs representing approximately 620,000 individuals who aren’t in the labor force (Rousseau, 2017). The costs of their imprisonment thus have two elements: the outcome of their nonproductivity and keeping them behind bars.

The solution is to set up government agencies designed to reduce drug supply and demand. For example, the Inter-US Drug Abuse Control Commission and Violence Commission, both working under the sponsorships of the Organization of States in the US, the Training, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug Abuse and Certification Program for Prevention, together with the same multifaceted mechanisms, must be strengthened to assist the governments in expanding drug prevention programs (Galindo, 2022). Strengthening sanctions on traffickers is significant because it puts punitive measures on the traffickers so that they become fearful of such trade. Regional governments ought to upsurge the usage of sanctions on private and public individuals involving themselves in illegal activities, including suspending non-migrant who do not have visas and those who are on the mission of drug business (Galindo, 2022).

The government should also aggressively expand collaborative efforts in order to counter corruption and money laundering with the Caribbean government and Latin America. Justice Department and the US treasury attempts to trace and indict money laundering presently do not have adequate personnel resources and a matched implementation mechanism that match the existing challenges (Galindo, 2022). If these attempts and requirements are strengthened and supported, American bilateral relations become a priority.

Interpretation of Statistical Data

The statistics of the three types of research are valid because the researchers used past research and genuine articles to collect information about the trends of international drug trafficking in different parts of the world. The authors performed a content analysis of those trends in order to determine how drug trafficking has been happening in the selected parts of the world. The statistics can be unreliable because there were no internal consistencies, alternate form method, and intra-rater reliability. The authors can be said to have been unbiased because they used the qualitative research method, which only focuses on previous research about the topic. As such, they were no way they could tamper with the results of those past studies about the topic.

Bagley’s (2015) findings indicate that the passage of California Proposition that attempted to legalize the possession, distribution and cultivation of marijuana in the state would signal the culmination of America led-war on drugs and permit Mexico as well as other nations in that region to deviate from prohibitionist stratagem which has produced violence related to drugs in the Caribbean and Latin America recently.

Nevertheless, several political leaders from Latin America openly oppose marijuana legalization in California and are forcefully against the decriminalization or legalization of hard drugs in America and the entire world. As a result, Proposition 19 was lost at the polls by 52 percent against 48 percent amongst California voters. Undiscouraged, the Marijuana proponent’s validation in California is likely to put another Prop-19 style initiative. The strength of this research is that the researcher used qualitative data, which is considered to be cost-effective and generalizable. The saved some cash that would have been used to conduct research in the field, making it costly. The weakness of this research is that the researcher focused on the Caribbean and Latin America, which does not reflect the true picture of international drug trafficking globally. Based on this, future research must focus on different reports worldwide and capture them in the studies in order to show the real picture of international drug trafficking.

Giommoni et al. (2021) findings indicate that between 2011-2016, the IDS dataset has around 13,021 records of seizing coca spinoffs and 8052 records of seizing opium and its spinoffs, indicating 11,652 and 19,155 networks in heroin and cocaine trafficking networks. The resultant cocaine network consisted of 817 edges and 147 countries and whereas the heroin network encompassed 137 nations as well as 437 edges. The strength of this research is that the researcher used qualitative data, which is considered to be cost-effective and generalizable. Generalization is considered to be an important component of the broader research process. Ideally, it permits researchers to take what they have discovered on a smaller scale and link it to the bigger picture. The limitation of this study is that seizing did not fully represent the actual flow of drugs. Where seizing accounts for a higher percentage of inflows in many nations, they have limitations and just account for a smaller percentage of total flows. There are also uncertainties regarding the presumptions about the consumers and purity of the drug. The lack of data homogeneity available across nations forces the researchers to depend on regional values. Based on this, future research needs to seize accounts worldwide to identify the actual drug flow in the world. The researcher should ensure that data is homogenous in future research to avoid depending on information from one region and assume it represents the whole world.

Robles et al. (2013) findings show that the interaction of drug trafficking organizations with national and local governments has transformed with political liberalization in the nation and entry of many political parties and actors, complicating drug trafficking operations. Due to profound structural and domestic changes, the number of persons participating in international drug trafficking has increased. Unlike the groups and organizations taking part in legal markets, drug cartels normally don’t compete on prices but rather compete to monopolize distribution channels into the US by force. The increasing competition between international drug trafficking factions has led to an unprecedented increase in violence in the nation.

Ethical Outcomes of Solutions

The positive ethical outcome of the solution is that strengthening sanctions on traffickers by executing punitive measures on the traffickers will prevent them from involving themselves in such illegal business. Punitive measures are meant to scare and cation them that they will face dire consequences if they happen to be involved in drug trafficking. On the other hand, a negative ethical outcome is that punitive measures tend to go against humanity. Thus, the concerned agencies that deals with drug traffickers ought to use humanitarian measures while dealing with them because they do not really deserve capital punishment.

The first ethical issue related to a positive outcome is that punitive measures might be dismissed as unnecessary. Secondly, the government agencies cannot deal with drug traffickers until the case is heard and determined, which may delay the process of prosecuting the criminals. The first ethical issue related to negative outcomes is that it is likely to lead to more drug trafficking because of the less punitive rules. Secondly, the governments might find it hard to end international drug trafficking due to poor coordination.

Drug trafficking flows have worldwide dimensions connecting continents and regions, at some point with drastic results for the nations they affect. Stressing the main societal and monetary costs of international organized delinquency, the campaign has been established to help in raising awareness on matters such as counterfeiting of goods, environmental crimes and drug trafficking. Recent years have intensely reconfigured intercontinental drug trafficking. Whereas the US is considered the biggest consumer of illegal drugs, the country has recently witnessed a diffident shift away from penal prohibition policies.

Bagley, B. (2015). Drug trafficking and organized crime in Latin America and the Caribbean in the twenty-first century: challenges to democracy.  Drug trafficking, organized crime, and violence in the Americas today , 1-19.

Chepesiuk, R., & Chepesiuk, R. (1999).  Hard target: the United States war against international drug trafficking, 1982-1997 . Jefferson, NC: McFarland.

Fritsvold, E. D. (2012).  International drug trafficking . Oxford University Press.

Galindo, J. (2022).  An Improved Strategy to Fight Drug Trafficking, Organized Crime and Corruption in the Hemisphere.  Retrieved from https://theglobalamericans.org/reports/improved-strategy-fight-drug-trafficking-organized-crime-corruption-hemisphere/

Giommoni, L., Berlusconi, G., & Aziani, A. (2021). Interdicting international drug trafficking: a network approach for coordinated and targeted interventions.  European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research , 1-28.

Jenner, M. S. (2011). International drug trafficking: A global problem with a domestic solution.  Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies ,  18 (2), 901-927.

Montagne, M. (1990). The social epidemiology of international drug trafficking: comparison of source of supply and distribution networks.  International journal of the addictions ,  25 (5), 557-577.

Robles, G., Calderón, G., & Magaloni, B. (2013). The economic consequences of drug trafficking violence in Mexico.  Poverty and Governance Series Working Paper, Stanford University .

Rousseau, R. (2017). West Africa–the Region’s Pivotal Role in International Drug Trafficking.

Cite This Work

To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below:

Related Essays

Russia’s cyberattacks towards ukraine, youth engagement in social media, navigating self-awareness: an implicit biases and cultural reflection journal, position on the efficiency of blm, impact of principals’ motivation techniques on teachers’ job satisfaction, final analysis of a selected test, popular essay topics.

  • American Dream
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Black Lives Matter
  • Bullying Essay
  • Career Goals Essay
  • Causes of the Civil War
  • Child Abusing
  • Civil Rights Movement
  • Community Service
  • Cultural Identity
  • Cyber Bullying
  • Death Penalty
  • Depression Essay
  • Domestic Violence
  • Freedom of Speech
  • Global Warming
  • Gun Control
  • Human Trafficking
  • I Believe Essay
  • Immigration
  • Importance of Education
  • Israel and Palestine Conflict
  • Leadership Essay
  • Legalizing Marijuanas
  • Mental Health
  • National Honor Society
  • Police Brutality
  • Pollution Essay
  • Racism Essay
  • Romeo and Juliet
  • Same Sex Marriages
  • Social Media
  • The Great Gatsby
  • The Yellow Wallpaper
  • Time Management
  • To Kill a Mockingbird
  • Violent Video Games
  • What Makes You Unique
  • Why I Want to Be a Nurse
  • Send us an e-mail

24/7 writing help on your phone

To install StudyMoose App tap and then “Add to Home Screen”

Drug Trafficking Essay Examples

Drug Trafficking - Free Essay Examples and Topic Ideas

Illegal drugs and narcotics are some of the most dangerous substances available to humanity, both to individual users and whole societies. These drugs not only have adverse effects on users but inherently affect those who are around drugs either directly or indirectly. A fundamental concern with drugs other than the users is that being in the business of drugs is extremely lucrative, especially in the markets with popular drugs. This tempting opportunity essentially spawned the entire network of drug trafficking that exists today, which can be defined as “the illegal production and distribution of controlled substances”. As a result, there is now an expansive system of drug trafficking across the globe supplying substances through a variety of methods. This poses a challenge as undoing such a far-reaching influence is not easy. Drug trafficking is such a significant issue around the world because it is very widespread, commonplace, highly profitable, controversial, and strenuous to eliminate.

  • 📘 Free essay examples for your ideas about Drug Trafficking
  • 🏆 Best Essay Topics on Drug Trafficking
  • ⚡ Simple & Drug Trafficking Easy Topics
  • 🎓 Good Research Topics about Drug Trafficking
  • 📖 Essay guide on Drug Trafficking

Essay examples

Essay topic.

Save to my list

Remove from my list

  • How Drug Trafficking Impacts The Economy and The World at Large
  • The Challenges of Drug Tracking, Slaves and Guns in The U.s Between 1600 and 1860
  • How Luis Carlos Galan Was Killed in Colombia
  • World Issues: Drug Trafficking
  • A Study of The Life of Andres and Pablo Escobar as Depicted in The Jeff Zimbalist Movie The Two Escobar
  • Describing Pablo Escobar’s Legend
  • Drug Abuse as a Social Problem
  • Terrorism and Drug Trafficking at The South American Borders
  • Report on Drug Smuggling
  • Mexican Drug Cartel Exploiting Immigrants to Smuggle Drugs into The U.s.
  • The Drug Trade as the Cause of Police Brutality in Brazil
  • The causes and effects of drug abuse amongst the youth
  • The Correlation Between Adult Drug Abusers and Children
  • The Link Between Terrorism and Drug Trafficking
  • God is Dead and Vince Gilligan Killed Him Drug
  • The Issue of Drug Trafficking on a Global Scale
  • How The Impact of Globalization on Illicit Drug Trafficking Has Affected International Security
  • Drug Trafficking in The Republic of Colombia
  • Different Approached on Drug Legislation: The Cultural Implications
  • Mercury Drug
  • Tackling The Menace Drug Trafficking
  • The Problem of Drug Trafficking in The Kingdom of Bhutan
  • Film Review: Traffic by Steven Soderbergh
  • The Consequences of Drug Abuse in Saudi Arabia

Before drug history and situation in the US

Before drug trafficking could become an issue, drugs themselves would have to become an issue first. Illegal drugs, narcotics and opioids have been around for a very long time, and substances as old as opium or drugs as new as pills were created, became popular, and thus began a need for production and distribution. In regards to how drug trafficking reached the U.S, the same process can be applied. Drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, and heroin, which were in the past “the most heavily used substances” (Notecard #3) in the U.S, were brought over and individuals tried it and wanted more. The simple craving of a substance is all it takes for the power of drug trafficking to take its grip. However, drug trafficking is a double edged sword that must be taken into consideration. Many of the highly addictive drugs that people are hooked onto are often prescribed at one point for medical purposes, and these drugs can’t be necessarily phased out as they do serve a legitimate purpose. It’s the risk of addiction that then leads individuals to pursue other sources for drugs, more than likely drug dealers supplied by traffickers.

Once drugs have become a fully established problem in a given society or area, there is then a foundation of people who can take in a supply of drugs, making imports possible. Such an example, and a rather stunning one, would be the America, as the “U.S is the largest market” (Notecard #2) for illegal drugs. Such a title is not very flattering, but at the same time should not be entirely surprising. As the demand for drugs in the U.S grew, so would methods of bringing them in. When America had a raging problem with heroin between the 1950s-1970s, mafias such as the New York Mafia would distribute as much as 95% of their imports, later to be known as “The French Connection” (Notecard #4). This problem would only persist and grow after the inclusion of foreign nations, such as Mexico and nations in South America. One specific case is one of the methods of import to the U.S via Mexico, which is when “drugs come into the U.S through the Pacific Ocean being exported through Baja California to California” (Notecard #6). Some further examples also include the Colombian “Medellin Cartel” which was “one of the biggest cocaine exports to the U.S during the 1980s, and the Colombian routes which had to shift to Mexican routers to smuggle drugs “as more attention was drawn to Colombia’s routes through South Florida”

Gangs and cartels

Inherently, gangs being what they are, had a particular knack for the illegal drug business and it’s potentially high payout. Gangs are nothing new in the United states, and “have long been established in the U.S, dating back to the 1800s” (Notecard #8). Once these gangs began to see the potential behind trafficking drugs, “gang members began taking part in drug trafficking” around the late 20th century. This problem would only begin to grow somewhat linearly as drugs were not going anywhere, and the money behind the substances was surely still flooding the streets. Drugs and gangs worked together in tandem as illegal business was a norm, and gangs could make very high amounts of money from production, distribution, and/or sales. Furthermore, the financial opportunity offered by drugs not only helped gangs grow and expand in influence, but in their numbers as well. From 2002-2008, “gang numbers increased by 28.4%” (Notecard #10) and is with reason: many people seeking to get out of poverty would joing gangs with the promise of making money through drug trafficking.

Alongside with gangs, cartels were also a major factor in the movement of drugs across America. Cartels being as widespread and expansive as they were (and still are), hundreds of complex routes and networks had to be created to facilitate the movement of drugs. For example, “most of the cocaine entering the U.S went from the Caribbean to South Florida” (Notecard #14) during the 1980s in what was known to be the Caribbean Corridor. In addition to main routes, there would also be a large variety of different small-scale operations and runners who would transport drugs as well. This can be seen through Nigeria’s role in trafficking heroin as they “recruit smugglers to do the work for them” (Notecard #29)

However, making money through drugs did get progressively harder as federal agencies around the world began to find way to crack down on the trafficking world. Gangs, cartels and any organization involved in earning high amounts of illegal money through drugs have to “clean” the money, otherwise risk getting easily tracked and caught. To do this said cleaning, money laundering is introduced, said to be “the way to hide the fact people earn so much money on illegal drugs” (Notecard #26). Money laundering is key to all of these if organizations if they wish to keep a low profile and actually use the money they have earned illegally. Laundering is done when the money gained “can be invested or placed in a bank, and the money appears to be earned legally” (Notecard #27). In its most basic form, laundering is essentially a way of getting rid of the “dirty” money by buying/investing things, and getting money back by selling or profiting from the purchases/investments. Moreover, as technology around the world continues to increase and become more advanced, so do traffickers. New forms of technology allows for things like “encryption of messages” (Notecard #28) to hide trafficker’s tracks and make it more difficult to find them.

After all the talk of traffickers and their potentially ridiculous amount of profit from drugs, it seems that they are unstoppable in their pursuit of money. But that is not necessarily the case, as a “war on drugs” is ongoing around the world through different agencies and entities, all trying to shut down these illegal businesses. These conflicts have been going on almost as long as trafficking itself, and with good reason. Even after years of combating traffickers, entities such as cartels would still bring back the fight by killing people and terrorizing communities to “prove their power and gain control” (Notecard #17). Issues such as these escalated to such violent levels that countries like Mexico had to ask the United States for assistance in battling the cartels. The U.S had to intervene not only out of assistance, but also because the issue with cartels and drugs began to reach the frontiers in America as well. This same war on drugs was also approached with diplomatic solutions, such as with the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP). The main goal of this agency, originally made in 1989 under President George H.W Bush, was to “establish policies, priorities and objectives” (Notecard #20) and to work “with federal agencies like the U.S Custom Service to control drug trafficking”. In addition, the ONDCP serves to remind “people of the dangers of drugs and the abuse of them”. These methods, among many others, are some of the ways this growing issue is being repelled.

The growing issue with drug trafficking has become so large that it has reached every virtual corner of society around the world. With a growing list of drugs and more money coming into the equation, a growing number of people are falling into the pit of drug trafficking, whether directly or indirectly. Just one particular example: “More than a half of American students try an illicit drug by their senior year” (Notecard #25). This an undeniable fact that society is being affected by one of the most threatening substances and businesses in the world, and things need to change before tragedies such as Switzerland’s heroin crisis become a global norm.

Works Cited

  • Doak, Melissa J. ‘Violence and Gangs.’ Growing Up: Issues Affecting America’s Youth, 2011 ed., Gale, 2011. Information Plus Reference Series. Opposing Viewpoints in Context,http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ1529300108/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=385f22e8. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.
  • ‘DOC: Drug Trafficking.’ Current Issues: Macmillian Social Science Library, Macmillan Reference USA, 2003. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A127365955/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=b5cf77ae. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.
  • ‘High Stakes on the High Seas.’ NYTimes.com Video Collection, 28 Oct. 2015. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CT433666372/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=fb2f892e. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.
  • ‘Drugs and Narcotics.’ American Law Yearbook 2012: A Guide to the Year’s Major Legal Cases and Developments, Gale, 2013, pp. 41-46. Opposing Viewpoints in Context,http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX2018000026/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=d2b25059. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.
  • Horn, Michael T. ‘Drug Trafficking Contributes to Organized Crime.’ Drug Trafficking, edited by Auriana Ojeda, Greenhaven Press, 2002. Current Controversies. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010043248/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=1fd2047b. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018. Originally published as ‘testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps, Narcotics, and Terrorism,’ 1997.
  • ‘Introduction to Mexico’s Drug War: At Issue.’ Mexico’s Drug War, edited by Margaret Haerens, Greenhaven Press, 2014. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010881101/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=55db57b9. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.
  • ‘Ocean Smuggling from Mexico to United States.’ Tribune Content Agency Graphics, 2011. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CT3294260956/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=bcdb678f. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.
  • ‘Tunneling Under the Border with Mexico.’NYTimes.com Video Collection, 1 Sept. 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CT462771980/OVIC?u=j057909&sid=OVIC&xid=911917b4. Accessed 19 Dec. 2018.

FAQ about Drug Trafficking

search

👋 Hi! I’m your smart assistant Amy!

Don’t know where to start? Type your requirements and I’ll connect you to an academic expert within 3 minutes.

129 Human Trafficking Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

📝 key points to use to write an outstanding human trafficking essay, 🏆 best human trafficking topic ideas & essay examples, ⭐ simple & easy human trafficking essay titles, 📌 most interesting human trafficking topics to write about, 👍 good research topics about human trafficking.

  • ❓ Research Questions about Human Trafficking

Human trafficking is one of the most challenging and acute assignment topics. Students should strive to convey a strong message in their human trafficking essays.

They should discuss the existing problems in today’s world and the ways to solve them. It means that essays on human trafficking require significant dedication and research. But do not worry, we are here to help you write an outstanding essay.

Find the issue you want to discuss in your paper. There are many titles to choose from, as you can analyze the problem from various perspectives. The examples of human trafficking essay topics include:

  • The problem of child trafficking in today’s world
  • The causes of human trafficking
  • Human trafficking: The problem of ethics and values
  • The role of today’s society in fostering human trafficking
  • Human trafficking as a barrier to human development
  • The rate of human trafficking victims in the world’s countries
  • How to prevent and stop human trafficking

Remember that you can select other human trafficking essay titles if you want. Search for them online or ask your professor for advice.

Now that you are ready to start working on your paper, you can use these key points for writing an outstanding essay:

  • Study the issue you have selected and do preliminary research. Look for news articles, scholarly papers, and information from reputable websites. Do not rely on Wikipedia or related sources.
  • Work on the outline for your paper. A well-developed outline is a key feature of an outstanding essay. Include an introductory and a concluding paragraph along with at least three body paragraphs. Make sure that each of your arguments is presented in a separate paragraph or section.
  • Check out human trafficking essay examples online to see how they are organized. This step can also help you to evaluate the relevance of the topic you have selected. Only use online sources for reference and do not copy the information you will find.
  • Your introductory paragraph should start with a human trafficking essay hook. The hooking sentence or a phrase should grab the reader’s attention. An interesting fact or a question can be a good hook. Hint: make sure that the hooking sentence does not make your paper look overly informal.
  • Do not forget to include a thesis statement at the end of your introductory section. Your paper should support your thesis.
  • Define human trafficking and make sure to answer related questions. Is it common in today’s world? What are the human trafficking rates? Help the reader to understand the problem clearly.
  • Discuss the causes and consequences of human trafficking. Think of possible questions you reader would ask and try to answer all of them.
  • Be specific. Provide examples and support your arguments with evidence. Include in-text citations if you refer to information from outside sources. Remember to use an appropriate citation style and consult your professor about it.
  • Discuss the legal implications of human trafficking in different countries or states. What are the penalties for offenders?
  • Address the ethical implications of the problem as well. How does human trafficking affect individuals and their families?
  • A concluding paragraph should be a summary of your arguments and main ideas of the paper. Discuss the findings of your research as well.

Check out our samples (they are free!) and get the best ideas for your paper!

  • Three Ethical Lenses on Human Trafficking As a result of the issue’s illegality, a deontologist will always observe the law and, as a result, will avoid or work to eradicate human trafficking.
  • Human Trafficking: Process, Causes and Effects To make the matters worse they are abused and the money goes to the pockets of these greedy people as they are left empty handed after all the humiliation they go through.
  • Trafficking of Children and Women: A Global Perspective The scale of women and children trafficking is very large but difficult to put a figure on the actual number of women and children trafficked all over the world. The demand for people to work […]
  • Stephanie Doe: Misyar Marriage as Human Trafficking in Saudi Arabia In this article, the author seeks to highlight how the practice of temporary marriages by the wealthy in Saudi Arabia, commonly known as misyar, is a form of human trafficking.
  • Human Trafficking in the United States The paper also discusses the needs of the victims of human trafficking and the challenges faced in the attempt to offer the appropriate services.
  • The Human Trafficking Problem Another way is through employment and this involves the need to create more jobs within the community that is at a higher risk of facing human trafficking.
  • How Prostitution Leads to Human Trafficking This is a form of a business transaction that comes in the name of commercial sex either in the form of prostitution or pornography.
  • Human Trafficking: Slavery Issues These are the words to describe the experiences of victims of human trafficking. One of the best places to intercept human trafficking into the US is at the border.
  • Reflection on Human Trafficking Studies When researching and critically evaluating the global issue of human trafficking, I managed to enrich my experience as a researcher, a professional, and an individual due to the facts and insights gained through this activity.
  • Human Trafficking Through the General Education Lens First and foremost, the numerous initiatives show that the regional governments are prepared to respond to the problem of human trafficking in a coordinated manner.
  • Discussion: Human Trafficking of Adults Human trafficking of adults is one of the most essential and significant issues of modern times, which affects the lives of millions of people in almost every corner of the globe.
  • Human Trafficking and Related Issues and Tensions In the business sector, therefore, discrimination leads to the workload of the trafficked employee to make a huge lot of work to be done at the right time required.
  • Doctor-Patient Confidentiality and Human Trafficking At the same time, it is obligatory to keep the records of all the patients in the healthcare settings while Dr. To conclude, the decision in the case of an encounter with human trafficking should […]
  • Policy Issues on Human Trafficking in Texas The challenge of preventing human trafficking in Texas and meeting the needs of its victims is complicated by the multifaceted nature of the problem.
  • Dark Window on Human Trafficking: Rhetorical Analysis In this essay, Ceaser utilized his rhetorical skills to dive into the dark world of human trafficking, which severely hits Latin America and the USA, through the usage of images and forms of different societal […]
  • Human Trafficking in Africa Therefore, Africa’s human trafficking can be primarily attributed to the perennial political instability and civil unrest as the root causes of the vice in the continent. Some traditions and cultural practices in Africa have significantly […]
  • Human Trafficking: Giving a Fresh Perspective One question I find reoccurring is, “Are all victims of human trafficking being dishonest?” Throughout my career and law enforcement, I met the cases in which victims were dishonest, and I wanted to discover why.
  • Human Trafficking and Variety of Its Forms The types of human trafficking that harshly break human rights are sex trafficking, forced labor, and debt bondage. To conclude, it is essential to say that human trafficking has been the worst type of crime […]
  • Child Welfare and Human Trafficking Young people and children that live in “out-of-home care” due to reasons of abuse or lack of resources are at higher risk of becoming subjects of trafficking.
  • Human Trafficking and Healthcare Organizations Human Trafficking, which is a modern form of slavery, is a critical issue nowadays since it affects many marginalized people around the world.
  • Human Trafficking Is a Global Affair It refers to the unlawful recruitment, harboring and transportation of men, women and children for forced labor, sex exploitation, forced marriages, through coercion and fraud.
  • Human Trafficking and Nurses’ Education Therefore, there is a need to educate nurses in understanding human trafficking victims’ problems and learning the signs or ared flags’ of human trafficking.
  • Intelligence Issues in Human Trafficking To begin with, the officer is to examine the social groups of migrants and refugees, as they are the most vulnerable groups in terms of human trafficking.
  • Intelligence Issues in Border Security, Human Trafficking, and Narcotics Trafficking This paper aims to emphasize drug trafficking as the main threat for the nation and outline intelligence collecting methods on drug and human trafficking, border security, and cybersecurity.
  • Human Trafficking in the UK: Examples and References The bureaucracy and lack of flexibility pose quite significant threats to the success of the UK anti-trafficking strategies. An illustration of this lack of flexibility and focus is the case of the Subatkis brothers.
  • Criminology: Human Trafficking However, the UAE clearly has admitted that there is a high level of rights infringement against women by the ISIS in Iraq and Syria.
  • Human Trafficking: Labor Facilitators and Programs Labor trafficking is a significant issue in the modern world because it refers to people who are forced to engage in labor through the use of coercion, fraud, and force.
  • Human Trafficking: Solution to Treat Survivors And A Public Health Issues Ultimately, this led to the child’s lack of a sense of security, to the presence of a strong desire to be loved and important to someone.
  • Human Trafficking and Its Social and Historical Significance Human trafficking is a type of crime that involves kidnapping and transporting of women, men, and children out of the country with the purposes of slave labor, prostitution, organ harvesting, and other nefarious purposes.
  • Egypt and Sudan Refugees and Asylum Seekers Face Brutal Treatment and Human Trafficking In this report by Amnesty International, the issue of the security of refugees and asylum seekers in Shagarab refugee camps, which are located in the eastern parts of Sudan, is raised.
  • Effects of Human Trafficking in Teenagers: The Present-Day Situation In this case, the inclusion of the additional factor, the type of human trafficking, will contribute to a better understanding of the problem and develop a solution.
  • Aftermath of Human Trafficking in Children and Teenagers The major part of the available research is concentrated on the victims of sex abuse and the applied means of their treatment.
  • Human Trafficking in the USA However, the development of the society and rise of humanism resulted in the reconsideration of the attitude towards this phenomenon and the complete prohibition of all forms of human trafficking.
  • Human Trafficking and Exploitation in Modern Society It is necessary to determine the essence of human trafficking to understand the magnitude of the problem of slavery in the modern world.
  • Child Welfare: Human Trafficking in San Diego The paper consists of an introduction, the consecutive sections addressing the definition of the issue, its legal background, the occurrence of child trafficking, and the interventions initiated by the authorities to fight the threat.
  • Human Trafficking as an Issue of Global Importance Being a threat to global safety and well-being, the phenomenon of human trafficking has to be managed by reconsidering the existing policy statements of organizations responsible for monitoring the levels of human trafficking and preventing […]
  • Psychotherapy for Victims of Human Trafficking The use of different dependent variables is the primary feature that differs a single-subject design from a program evaluation the essence of which is to cover a range of questions and evaluate them all without […]
  • Human Trafficking: Enforcing Laws Worldwide This essay focuses on the issue of enforcement of laws concerning human trafficking, the influence of country prosperity on the approaches to solving this problem, the vulnerable categories at high risk of becoming victims, and […]
  • Social Work: Human Trafficking and Trauma Theory One of the theoretical frameworks is trauma theory that focuses on the traumatic experiences victims are exposed to as well as the influence of these traumas on their further life.
  • Human Trafficking Problems in Canada The authors describe the government’s influence on the level of human trafficking and argue that the concept of slavery is almost the same as modern human trafficking.
  • Terrorism, Human Trafficking, and International Response One of the key positive results of the global counter-terrorism efforts was the reduction of Al Qaeda’s presence both globally and in the Middle East, and the enhancement of travel safety.
  • Human Trafficking in Mozambique: Causes and Policies “Human Trafficking in Mozambique: Root Causes and Recommendations” is a policy paper developed by the research team of UNESCO as a powerful tool in order to analyze the situation with human trafficking in Mozambique and […]
  • Human Trafficking as a Terrorist Activity The biggest problem that is worth mentioning is that it is believed that the number of such activities is growing at an incredibly fast rate, and it is important to take necessary measures to limit […]
  • Human Trafficking and Modern-day Slavery One of the biggest challenges in addressing modern slavery and human trafficking is the fact that the vice is treated as a black market affair where facts about the perpetrators and the victims are difficult […]
  • Combating Human Trafficking in the USA It is necessary to note, however, that numerous researchers claim that the number of human trafficking victims is quite difficult to estimate due to the lack of effective methodology.
  • The Fight Against Human Trafficking Human trafficking constitutes a gross violation of the human rights of the individual as he/she is reduced to the status of a commodity to be used in any manner by the person who buys it.
  • Criminal Law: Human Trafficking Promises of a good life and the absence of education opportunities for women have led to the increased levels of human trafficking.
  • Human Trafficking: Definition, Reasons and Ways to Solve the Problem That is why, it becomes obvious that slavery, which is taken as the remnant of the past, prosper in the modern world and a great number of people suffer from it.
  • Human Trafficking and the Trauma It Leaves Behind According to Snajdr, in the United States, most of the Black immigrants who came to the country during the colonial era were actually victims of human trafficking.
  • Mexican Drug Cartels and Human Trafficking Reports from Mexico says that due to the pressure exerted on the drug cartels by the government, they have resolved in other means of getting revenue and the major one has been human trafficking alongside […]
  • Human Trafficking between Africa and Europe: Security Issues This situation is usually made possible by the fact that the traffickers are usually criminal groups that have a potential to do harm to the victims and to the family of the victims.
  • Tackling the Issue of Human Trafficking In Europe, prevention of human trafficking is interpreted to mean both awareness raising and active prevention activities that ideally look into the primary causes of human trafficking.
  • Human trafficking in Mozambique The reason for this goes back to the fact the government in place has failed to put the interests of its people as a priority.
  • “Not For Sale: End Human Trafficking and Slavery”: Campaign Critique To that extent, Not for Sale campaign attempts to enhance the ability of the people in vulnerable countries to understand the nature and form of trafficking and slavery.
  • Human Trafficking in the United States: A Modern Day Slavery The question of the reasons of human trafficking is a complex one to answer since there are various causes for it, but the majors causes include; Poverty and Inequality: It is evident that human trafficking […]
  • Definition of Human Rights and Trafficking One of the infamous abuses of human rights is the practice of human trafficking, which has become prevalent in the current society.
  • Criminal Enforcement and Human Trafficking
  • Combating Human Trafficking Should Go Towards the Recovery of The Victim
  • Connections Between Human Trafficking and Environmental Destruction
  • The Problems of Human Trafficking and Whether Prostitution Should Be Legal
  • The Issue of Human Trafficking, a Criminal Business in the Modern Era
  • The Problem of Human Trafficking in America
  • Ways You Can Help Fight Human Trafficking
  • Assignment on Human Trafficking and Prostitution
  • The Plague of Human Trafficking in Modern Society
  • Critical Thinking About International Adoptions: Saving Orphans or Human Trafficking
  • The Issue of Human Trafficking and the Backlash of Saving People
  • The Role of Corruption in Cambodia’s Human Trafficking
  • A Theoretical Perspective on Human Trafficking and Migration-Debt Contracts
  • Conditions That Allow Human Trafficking
  • Understanding Human Trafficking Using Victim-Level Data
  • Evaluation of the International Organization for Migration and Its Efforts to Combat Human Trafficking
  • Causes and Consequences of Human Trafficking in Haiti
  • Fishing in Thailand: The Issue of Overfishing, Human Trafficking and Forced Labor
  • Differences Between Definitions of Human Trafficking
  • Banks and Human Trafficking: Rethinking Human Rights Due Diligence
  • The World Are Victims of Human Trafficking
  • Understandings and Approaches to Human Trafficking in The Middle East
  • The Issue of Human Trafficking, Child Prostitution and Child Soldiers
  • Human Trafficking and the Trade in Sexual Slavery or Forced
  • The Protection of Human Trafficking Victims by the Enforcement Bodies in Malaysia
  • The Remnants of Human Trafficking Still Exists Today
  • The Issue of Human Trafficking and Its Connection to Armed Conflict, Target Regions, and Sexual Exploitation
  • Causes Effects of Human Trafficking
  • The Issue of Human Trafficking and Forced Child Prostitution Around the World
  • Assessing the Extent of Human Trafficking: Inherent Difficulties and Gradual Progress
  • The Unknown About Human Trafficking
  • Trafficking: Human Trafficking and Main Age
  • The Issue of Human Trafficking in Thailand and South Africa
  • The Tragedy of Human Trafficking
  • Vertex Connectivity of Fuzzy Graphs with Applications to Human Trafficking
  • Child Pornography and Its Effects on Human Trafficking

The Issue of Drug Trafficking on a Global Scale

  • Categories: Drug Trafficking Organized Crime War on Drugs

About this sample

close

Words: 758 |

Published: May 14, 2021

Words: 758 | Pages: 2 | 4 min read

Table of contents

Introduction, literature review.

Image of Dr. Oliver Johnson

Cite this Essay

Let us write you an essay from scratch

  • 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
  • Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

Get high-quality help

author

Prof Ernest (PhD)

Verified writer

  • Expert in: Law, Crime & Punishment

writer

+ 120 experts online

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

Related Essays

4 pages / 1642 words

4 pages / 1663 words

2 pages / 972 words

3 pages / 1286 words

Remember! This is just a sample.

You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers.

121 writers online

Still can’t find what you need?

Browse our vast selection of original essay samples, each expertly formatted and styled

Related Essays on Drug Trafficking

Amado Carrillo Fuentes, also known as "The Lord of the Skies," was a Mexican drug lord who rose to power in the 1990s. He was known for his extensive drug trafficking network, which transported cocaine from Colombia to the [...]

Examining the rise and fall of notorious drug traffickers Pablo Escobar and El Chapo provides invaluable insights into the complex world of drug empires. Their stories demonstrate the interplay between ambition, violence, [...]

In conclusion, drug trafficking has undeniably shaped politics in the United States, leaving an indelible mark on policy formation and implementation. The influence exerted by drug cartels has permeated the political landscape, [...]

During the 1980’s, Colombia was flooded with corruption and cronyism mostly headed by Narco mafias who with their drug trafficking money got involved in the country’s political and social systems. As a result, Colombians found [...]

Introduction to Pablo Escobar and his legendary status as an outlaw Brief overview of his rise to power and influence Description of Colombia's geography and historical context Escobar's childhood and [...]

What is drug trafficking? Drug Trafficking is an illegal drug trade on the black market and is prohibited by the laws of the U.S. This process of foreign business includes the illegal use of drugs such as cocaine, ecstasy, [...]

Related Topics

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Where do you want us to send this sample?

By clicking “Continue”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.

Be careful. This essay is not unique

This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before

Download this Sample

Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts

Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper.

Please check your inbox.

We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Let's fix your grades together!

Get Your Personalized Essay in 3 Hours or Less!

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

  • Instructions Followed To The Letter
  • Deadlines Met At Every Stage
  • Unique And Plagiarism Free

drug trafficking essay conclusion

Logo

Essay on Human Trafficking

Students are often asked to write an essay on Human Trafficking in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Human Trafficking

Understanding human trafficking.

Human trafficking is a serious global issue. It involves the illegal trade of people for exploitation or commercial gain. Victims are often lured with false promises of well-paying jobs or manipulated by people they trust.

Types of Human Trafficking

The main types of human trafficking are forced labor, sex trafficking, and child trafficking. Forced labor involves making people work against their will. Sex trafficking involves forcing victims into sexual exploitation. Child trafficking includes all these forms but involves children.

Preventing Human Trafficking

To prevent human trafficking, we must raise awareness about its reality. Educating people about its signs and consequences can help prevent it. Additionally, supporting victim services is crucial.

Also check:

250 Words Essay on Human Trafficking

Human trafficking, a grave violation of human rights, is a complex issue that has plagued societies globally. It is a form of modern-day slavery, where individuals are exploited through force, fraud, or coercion for various purposes such as forced labor, sexual exploitation, or organ trafficking.

The Scale of the Problem

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reports that human trafficking is the third most profitable crime after drug trafficking and arms smuggling. This illicit trade thrives due to poverty, political instability, armed conflict, and corruption, affecting millions of victims, predominantly women and children.

Measures to Combat Human Trafficking

Addressing human trafficking requires a multi-faceted approach. Legal measures, such as strict laws and penalties, are crucial. The Palermo Protocol, adopted by the UN, provides a framework for criminalizing trafficking, protecting victims, and promoting cooperation among states.

The Role of Education and Awareness

Education and awareness play a pivotal role in combating human trafficking. By informing communities about the tactics used by traffickers and the rights of individuals, we can empower potential victims to protect themselves.

Human trafficking is a pressing issue that demands global attention and action. Through a combination of legal measures, education, and international cooperation, we can work towards eradicating this heinous crime and safeguarding human dignity.

500 Words Essay on Human Trafficking

Introduction to human trafficking.

Human trafficking, a grave violation of human rights, is a contemporary global issue that transcends borders, cultures, and economies. It is a multi-billion dollar criminal industry that enslaves nearly 25 million people around the world. This heinous crime involves the illegal trade of people for exploitation or commercial gain and is often referred to as ‘modern-day slavery’.

The Mechanics of Human Trafficking

Human trafficking operates on the principles of supply and demand. The demand for cheap labor, sexual services, and certain criminal activities fuels this illicit trade. The supply side, however, is driven by factors such as poverty, lack of education, gender discrimination, armed conflict, and political instability. Traffickers exploit these vulnerabilities to lure victims with false promises of employment, education, or a better life.

Forms of Human Trafficking

Human trafficking manifests in various forms, including forced labor, sex trafficking, child labor, and organ trafficking. Forced labor, also known as involuntary servitude, is the biggest sector of trafficking in the world. Sex trafficking victims are often involved in prostitution, pornography, or sex tourism. Child trafficking, another gruesome form, involves the exploitation of children in labor, soldiering, or sexual slavery. Organ trafficking, a lesser-known form, involves the illegal trade of organs.

Impacts of Human Trafficking

The impacts of human trafficking are devastating and far-reaching. Victims often suffer physical and emotional abuse, rape, threats, and even death. Additionally, they often face long-term psychological trauma, disease, unwanted pregnancy, malnutrition, social ostracism, and death. The societal implications include the reinforcement of gender and social inequalities, perpetuation of poverty, and undermining of public health, safety, and security.

Preventing human trafficking requires a comprehensive, multi-faceted approach. It involves strengthening laws and regulations, enhancing victim identification and protection, promoting awareness and education, and fostering international cooperation. Governments, non-governmental organizations, and individuals all have crucial roles to play in this fight against human trafficking.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

One Comment

Leave a reply cancel reply.

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

IMAGES

  1. Drug Trafficking (300 Words)

    drug trafficking essay conclusion

  2. Essay on drug trafficking

    drug trafficking essay conclusion

  3. 💣 Essay on drug abuse in teenagers. Drug Use Among Teenagers Essay

    drug trafficking essay conclusion

  4. Drug trafficking

    drug trafficking essay conclusion

  5. Drug trafficking and drugs Essay Example

    drug trafficking essay conclusion

  6. Drug trafficking ESSAY

    drug trafficking essay conclusion

COMMENTS

  1. Drug Trafficking and Drug Abuse

    Introduction. Illicit drug use is a major social problem with significant impacts on both the social and economic aspects of any country. The dramatic improvements in communication and technology coupled with global economic liberalization have contributed to growth of international trade. Get a custom essay on Drug Trafficking and Drug Abuse.

  2. Essay on Drug Abuse: 150-250 words, 500 words for Students

    Here we have shared the Essay on Drug Abuse in detail so you can use it in your exam or assignment of 150, 250, 400, 500, or 1000 words. ... Strengthening law enforcement measures against drug trafficking is necessary to address the supply side of the problem. ... In conclusion, drug abuse is a significant societal problem with detrimental ...

  3. Drug trafficking essay

    Drug trafficking is one of the most serious problems for most countries all over the world. Unfortunately, this type of business is rather profitable, if not to consider that it is constantly related to murders, kidnapping, prostitution and other crimes. Certainly drug trafficking contributes to better distribution of drugs, thus involving more ...

  4. Essays on Drug Trafficking

    In conclusion, writing an essay on drug trafficking is important for raising awareness and contributing to the ongoing efforts to address this global issue. By conducting thorough research, considering different aspects of the problem, and presenting a balanced perspective, you can create a compelling and impactful essay that adds value to the ...

  5. Essay on Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking for Students

    Conclusion. To fight drug abuse and illicit trafficking, we need education, law enforcement, and treatment programs. It's a fight that needs everyone's participation. 250 Words Essay on Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking Introduction. Drug abuse and illicit trafficking are interconnected global issues that impact societies at multiple ...

  6. Conclusion: Transforming the War on Drugs: A Pathway to Change the

    Justifications for a War on Drugs have changed over time as well. Depending on the zeitgeist, narratives have mutated from stressing the need to protect youth from illicit drug consumption and enhance social cohesion, to portraying trafficking groups from abroad as foreign substances that endanger the health of the body politic, to emphasizing the role of drug trafficking in financing ...

  7. Drug Trafficking in the United States

    Conclusion. US drug trafficking is a significant issue. The prominent traffickers and routes vary by drug kind, although South America, Mexico, and Europe remain the leading suppliers. With international cooperation, intelligence sharing, and focused enforcement, law enforcement agencies can disrupt supply networks and dismantle criminal ...

  8. 91 Drug Trafficking Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

    If an attempt is made to unify the process for all significant areas of drug trafficking, such a system will fail. Drugs have been the major cause of the rise in the levels of corruption, disobedience to the law, and human rights abuses The selection highlights the key challenge of drug cartels in Latin America.

  9. Drug Trafficking and US Politics: [Essay Example], 613 words

    In conclusion, drug trafficking has undeniably shaped politics in the United States, leaving an indelible mark on policy formation and implementation. The influence exerted by drug cartels has permeated the political landscape, corrupting officials and distorting policy priorities. The response to drug trafficking has been a complex interplay ...

  10. International Drug Trafficking: Critical Thinking Essay

    It is important to note that the U.S. is constantly plagued by illegal drug trafficking into the country from Mexico. Mexico also has various problems that have recently become critical. For example, in 2017 there were a record number of murders in Mexico. Meanwhile, most of them were caused by drug problems (Realuyo, 2019).

  11. International Drug Trafficking

    International Drug Trafficking is the worldwide illegal trade that involves the manufacture, cultivation, and distribution of substances subject to laws on drug prohibition and is approximated to be 32 billion USD business. The lately launched UNODC campaigning program in international organized crime outlines that drug trafficking continues to ...

  12. The Problem of Drug Trafficking and Its Effects in the US: [Essay

    Drug trafficking can also be known as drug distribution. What drug trafficking truly is, is the crime of selling, transporting, or illegally importing unlawful controlled substances, such as heroin, cocaine, marijuana, or other illegal drugs. Drug trafficking is punished more harshly than drug possession. It is a federal crime when a criminal ...

  13. Drug Trafficking Essays: Examples, Topics, & Outlines

    Drug Trafficking In The United States drug trafficking in the united states "Drag trafficking is an activity that involves the importation, manufacturing, cultivation, distribution, and/or sale of illicit drags. In this hierarchical system, narcotics are moved from smugglers, growers, or manufacturers to wholesalers who pass the product down through the chain of distribution to retailers and ...

  14. Drug Trafficking Essay

    Drug Trafficking. Drug Trafficking in the United States Americans like to hide thoughts of the bad in society, one of these thoughts often hid or forget about is drug trafficking. Drug trafficking effects everyone from the one-percent down to the people of poverty. Billions of dollars of drugs are bought and sold, with billions more being spent ...

  15. Research on Drug Trafficking

    The World Drug Report consists of two products, a web-based element and a set of booklets. The latest global, regional and subregional estimates of and trends in drug demand and supply are presented in a user-friendly, interactive online segment.. While Special points of interest include key takeaways and policy implications, booklet 1 takes the form of an executive summary based on analysis ...

  16. Drug Trafficking

    Paper Type: 2000 Word Essay Examples. Joaquin Guzman Loera better known as El Chapo was born and raised in Badiraguato, Mexico. As a child, El Chapo family was living in poverty and had a father that was involved in the drug trade. When he was just a teen he was kicked out the family home and had to find his own way of living.

  17. 129 Human Trafficking Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

    The examples of human trafficking essay topics include: The problem of child trafficking in today's world. The causes of human trafficking. Human trafficking: The problem of ethics and values. The role of today's society in fostering human trafficking. Human trafficking as a barrier to human development.

  18. PDF TOCTA Report 2010 low res

    The estimated total value of the flows considered in this report is about US$125 billion per year, of which about 85% is generated by drug markets. In addition to absolute value, a number of factors can affect the threat posed by a particular flow. Flows that direct a large amount of money to a small number of individuals or groups are more ...

  19. The Issue of Drug Trafficking on a Global Scale

    Introduction. Illegal drug and drug trafficking is one of the biggest income sources of organized crime organizations and it is one of the biggest problems in terms of security, not only because it creates health problems, but also because it is used in jobs connected with crime. Although traditional drugs, such as cannabis and cocaine, are ...

  20. How can I narrow down my research paper topic on drug trafficking

    A strong thesis will be of central importance. In light of this, let me give you some suggestions. First, you can talk about the economics of drug trafficking. You can explore the question of who ...

  21. Essay on Human Trafficking

    The impacts of human trafficking are devastating and far-reaching. Victims often suffer physical and emotional abuse, rape, threats, and even death. Additionally, they often face long-term psychological trauma, disease, unwanted pregnancy, malnutrition, social ostracism, and death. The societal implications include the reinforcement of gender ...

  22. Drug Trafficking Essay

    Persuasive Essay About Drug Trafficking. Drug Trafficking is the selling, transportation, and illegal import of unlawful controlled substances, such as marijuana, cocaine, heroin, metamorphine and other illegal drugs. Some people abuse these substances and take advantage of them. Some people buy these drugs, and sell them just to get money for ...

  23. Conclusion of drug trafficking Free Essays

    Drug Trafficking. Essay 5: Drug Trafficking Derek L. Stewart Global Issues Dr. E. Masocha April 3‚ 2013 Drug trafficking is a major global issue because the cultivation‚ manufacturing‚ and distribution of illicit drugs debilitates people‚ cripples economies‚ and provides funding for wars or terrorism.