per Item
Figure 4 a shows the top 10 research orientations of the 100 research orientations. The most common research orientations were management (193 articles), nursing (107 articles), health policy services (105 articles), and health care sciences services (201 articles).
a Top 10 research orientations and the number of publications in each orientation. b Top 20 institutions with the most publications
Figure 4 shows the top 20 institutions with the most published papers. La Trobe University has the highest number of articles with 24, followed by the University of London (23) and Griffith University (18).
In the keyword mapping on HRM research in healthcare, the size of the nodes represents the frequency, while the line between the nodes reflects the co-occurrence relationship. A total of 1914 keywords were included, and 59 met the criteria. All keywords were grouped into six clusters: performance (light blue cluster), job satisfaction (red cluster), quality of care (blue cluster), human resource management (brown cluster), occupational/mental health (purple cluster), and hospital/COVID-19 (green cluster) (Fig. 5 ).
Co-occurrence analysis of HRM research in healthcare
The most prominent themes in HRM research in healthcare are as below. In the “Performance” cluster, the keywords which have the greatest co-occurrence strength were “performance”, “systematic review”, “decentralization health system” and “motivation”. The main keywords in the “Job Satisfaction” cluster are “job satisfaction”, “organizational commitment”, “transformational leadership” and “turn over”. In the “Quality of care” cluster, the keywords that stand out are “quality of care”, “patient safety”, “high-performance work system”, “quality management” and “patient satisfaction”. In the “Human resource management” cluster, the prominent keywords include “human resource management”, “health policy”, “public health”, and “education and training”. In the “Occupational/Mental Health” cluster, the prominent keywords are “Occupational health”, “mental health”, “well-being” and “burnout”. The main keywords in the “Hospital/COVID-19” cluster were “hospitals”, “COVID-19” “workforce” and “qualitative research”.
Our study of HMR research in healthcare illustrates current and global trends in publications, contributing countries, institutions, and research orientations. The field of HMR research has evolved over the past three decades. However, as this study shows, the number of publications steadily increases yearly, with 93 countries or regions publishing in the field, suggesting that research focusing on HMR research and providing in-depth knowledge will likely increase.
We find that most publishing countries are developed countries, but developing countries are catching up. The total citation rate and the h-index reflect the quality and scholarly impact of a country’s publications [ 25 ]. According to our study, the US ranks first among other countries in total publications, citations, and h-index, making the most substantial contribution to global HRM research. The UK and Canada also contribute significantly, with impressive total citation frequencies and h-index, especially the UK, which ranks second in average citation frequency. However, some countries, such as Belgium, Canada and Australia, also play an important role, given their high average citation frequency. In developing countries, HRM research has also served as a guide for hospitals to improve the quality of care. The study will serve as a reference for developing countries to learn from the experience of developed countries as their economic development gradually catches up with that of developed countries.
The impact and prestige of the journals can be seen in the number of articles published in the field and the influential journals in healthcare HRM research, including the BMC Health Services Research, the Journal of Nursing Management, the International Journal of Human Resource Management, the Health Care Management Review, and the Journal of Health Organisation and Management. These high-quality journals are thus the main source of information for researchers in this field on the latest developments in HRM in healthcare.
The study shows that almost all of the top 20 institutions come from the top five countries with the most publications, with the majority coming from the US, Australia and the Netherlands, reflecting the great academic influence of these three countries in the field of HRM in healthcare. These institutions play an important role in raising the academic performance of a country. Furthermore, the top 20 authors represent research leaders who are likely to impact the future direction of research significantly. Therefore, more attention should be paid to their work to stay abreast of the latest developments in the field.
Keywords play a crucial role in research papers as they contain vital information [ 26 ]. A systematic analysis of keywords within a specific research domain offers valuable insights into trends and focal points across various research areas [ 27 ]. Moreover, co-occurrence analysis relies on the number of joint publications to evaluate relationships among the identified keyword domains. As a result, it serves as an effective method for predicting future trends and focal points within the research areas of interest. These findings are expected to inspire more researchers to contribute to the future of HRM research in healthcare [ 28 ].
In this study, a total of six research domains were eventually summarized. Performance, Hospital/COVID-19, Job Satisfaction, Human resource management, Occupational/Mental Health, and Quality of care. By visualizing the analysis results, we can easily further clarify future trends. As the co-occurrence diagram shows, the keywords “Organizational culture”, “Patient safety”, “Nursing”, “Leadership”, “Quality of care” and “Hospitals” are highlighted as larger icons, so that investment and demand for quality research are necessary for the context of these six research directions.
This study found that the visual clustering results and the keywords that emerged from the clusters were closely related to the HRM module s described in “Human Resources Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage” by Noe. R . [ 29 ]. The modules have been cited in HRM research and are used as textbooks in universities [ 30 – 33 ]. Some of the keywords in each cluster correspond to human resource planning, performance management, recruitment and staffing, and training and development, respectively. The explanation of the HRM modules is described in the next paragraph. However, there are no explicit keywords in the modules related to employee relations management and compensation management results. This may be due to the private nature of the compensation structure in healthcare organizations during data collection, making it unavailable.
Human Resource Plan (HRP) stands for the implementation of the HR development strategy of the enterprise and the accomplishment of the enterprise’s goals, according to the changes in the internal and external environment and conditions of the enterprise, through the analysis and estimation of the future needs and supply of human resources and the use of scientific methods for organizational design, as well as the acquisition, allocation, utilization and maintenance of HR and other aspects of functional planning. HRP ensures that the organization has a balance of HR supply and demand at a needed time and in a required position, and achieves a reasonable allocation of HR and other resources to effectively motivate and develop of employees [ 34 ].
Decentralization health system, organizational culture/structure are high-frequency words in the clustering results related to “human resource management”. It is important to assess the extent to which decentralization can be used as a policy tool to improve national health systems. For policymakers and managers, based on relevant literature and research as well as country experience analysis, the experience of decentralization in relation to the organization and management of healthcare services is considered a forward-looking and pioneering concept capable of achieving optimal allocation of HR and other resources, in addition to the need to focus more on ex-ante and ex-post incentive development to deliver a 1 + 1 > 2 HRM effect [ 35 ]. HRP is the starting point and basis for all specific HRM activities. It directly affects the efficiency of the overall HRM of the enterprise. It is, therefore, taken as the primary job requirement for HR managers [ 36 ]. Organizational culture/structure significantly impacts the healthcare sector, such as excellence in healthcare delivery, ethical values, engagement, professionalism, cost of care, commitment to quality and strategic thinking, which are key cultural determinants of high-quality care delivery [ 37 ]. Therefore, as with other for-profit organizations, healthcare organizations must ensure that their organizational structure functions effectively to achieve their strategic goals. The organization formulates and implements HRM, an important task to achieve the development strategy goals.
Recruitment and staffing are the first steps in hospital HRM activities. Under the guidance of the organization’s human resources development plan, potential staff who meet the development conditions are attracted. Through the scientific selection of outstanding personnel, a platform with guaranteed treatment and development prospects is provided to ensure that the team of the healthcare organization is built solidly and meets the development needs. From the findings of this study, the keywords “workforce” and “workload” appear as high-frequency keywords in the co-occurrence analysis. Still, keywords related to traditional staff recruitment (e.g., analysis of recruitment needs, job analysis, competency analysis, recruitment procedures, and strategies) do not appear often. Recruitment and staffing are the prerequisites of human resources work. They bring a new dynamic source to healthcare organizations while complementing staff, making the organization full of vitality and vigor, facilitating organizational innovation and management innovation and helping improve the healthcare organization’s competitive advantage [ 38 ]. Recruitment and staffing, as a part of HR, directly impact the successful running of daily activities.
Human resource training is an important component of quality and safety in the health care system. The keyword “education and training” shows a high frequency of co-occurrence in the clustering results of analysis, corresponding to the module “training and education”. However, it is connected to the keywords “human resource management” and “health policy”, and is in the same cluster with” public health”, “health care management”, and the distance between the lines and dots indicate that these topics are closely related, proving the importance of education and training in the HRM of health systems. Healthcare organizations (especially for non-professionals and caregivers) can improve the performance of their employees by enhancing their capabilities, knowledge and potential through learning and training, so that they can maximize their qualifications to match the demands of their work and advance their performance [ 39 , 40 ].
Performance management, the core of the six modules, is also featured in the clustering results. Although this is an important focus for HR professionals, few studies have explored the link between HRM and health sector performance [ 6 ], the results show “performance” and “motivation”. The effectiveness of performance management is an important component of HRM, which effectively improves the quality of care in healthcare organizations/institutions [ 6 ]. Focusing on the effectiveness of performance management is considered to be crucial. First, as an integral part of HRM within an organization, it can help the organization meet its goals. Second, ineffective approaches can lead to negative attitudes among employees (including clinicians, nursing staff, administrators, etc.) and adversely affect performance due to decreased satisfaction among employees and patients. Third, given the increasing quality and cost reduction pressures on healthcare organizations, conducting further research on performance management and effectiveness is critical [ 41 ]. However, it is clear from our results that healthcare organizations have recognized the importance of performance management and are pursuing “high performance”. Although the topic of performance management in HRM in healthcare is one of the research priorities, the number is lacking and more discussion on performance management should be suggested for future research.
Compensation is an important tool to motivate employees to work hard and to motivate them to work hard. The results of the database's bibliographic analysis show that no keywords directly involved compensation. This indicates that “compensation management” has not been considered a hot topic or a research issue over 30 years of available literature. To clarify the content of this module, we further searched the database of 718 articles with keywords, such as compensation, remuneration, salary, etc., and found that only 35 of them mentioned or discussed compensation, and some years (e.g., 2018, 2009) even had no relevant literature being published. However, issues such as fairness of compensation management and employee compensation satisfaction are still important issues of concern to business management academics [ 42 , 43 ]. The actual situation is that it is difficult to conduct research on compensation management. Most organizations keep their employees’ compensation confidential, and when conducting research, HR managers avoid talking about their employees’ compensation or leave it vague, rendering it impossible for researchers to conduct further research.
Employee compensation is one factor that has the greatest impact on organizational performance. In the future, organizations should be encouraged to scientifically structure their compensation management and empower academic research to establish and implement fair compensation management systems based on empirical research while maintaining the privacy and security of organizational information.
The connotation of employee relations management involves organizational culture and employee relations, as well as the coordination of the relationship between employers and employees. Healthcare organizations have complex structures with employees with varying skills, tasks or responsibilities, and such conflicts are often managed through the communication skills of administrative staff [ 44 ]. Although the keywords related to “employee relations management” did not occur in this study's analysis results, the six HRM modules are closely related. Therefore, this does not mean that no description of employee relations management was completely absent in the retrieved articles. It is clear that there is currently a lack of research on employee relations management in the healthcare field. Still, with the continuous development of the healthcare industry, it faces multiple challenges. If employee relations are not handled properly, healthcare organizations with social responsibility will face great public pressure, which will even affect the quality of healthcare services and performance, so it is especially important to strengthen the research on employee relations management.
This study inevitably has some limitations, the first of which arises from using quantitative methods to review documents in the field of HRM. The review relied on an analysis of the bibliographic data associated with the documents rather than a review of the research findings. The impact of the study was, therefore, limited to the general direction of developments in the field, rather than a synthesis of research findings. As a result, we may have missed some publications due to database bias. Second, most of the publications identified were in English and some articles relevant to other languages have not been included. Third, Since HRM exists in a wide range of industries and research areas, although researchers have set the screening criteria as detailed as possible, there may still be some literature that has not been detected.
This study describes the current state and global trends in HRM research in healthcare. The United States has made significant contributions in this field, establishing itself as a global leader. It is foreseeable that more and more publications will be published in the coming years, which indicates that HRM research in healthcare is booming. The analysis results of this study echoed the modules of HRM. It can be seen that in the current HRM research, many topics have been of interest. However, the focus and hotspots of the research are scattered, and there is presently no systematic research on the content of HRM in healthcare.
The authors thank the Editor-in-Chief and the referees for their helpful comments which help to improve our manuscript significantly.
BW, ZH and LLconceived of the presented idea. BW, developed the theory. BW, YH, RW, KC and XQ collected the data and discussed the results. BW and YH encouraged XQ to investigate the hospital management field and supervised the findings of this work. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.
This research was supported by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China (Grant number: 2021-RC630-001).
Declarations.
There are no human or animal studies in this manuscript, and no potentially identifiable human images or data are presented in this study.
Not applicable.
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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In recent studies, researchers agree that there is a substantial gap between research and practice in the field of human resource management (HRM). The literature exploring the causes and consequences of this gap does not represent a finely structured discourse; it has focused on analysing the gap from the practitioner side, and it is based on opinions and theoretical discussions rather than on empirical evidence. In this paper, we try to shed some light on this so-called “valley of death”. We attempt to identify the causes underlying the disconnect between academics and professionals in our field by drawing on empirical qualitative evidence obtained from interviews with 15 expert academics in the field of HRM. Thus, the approach presented in our work differs from that of the prior literature in that it is focused not on the opinions of individual authors but on the personal experiences of a larger expert sample composed of independent, experienced scholars in the area. Based on in-depth semi-structured interviews, we analyse the factors explaining why academics are not always willing to focus their research on professional needs or orientate their research outputs to the practitioner community.
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Relating to the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope, and the distinction between justified belief and opinion.
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This study has benefited from financing from the Research Project ECO2014-56580-R of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitively, and the Research Projects P12-SEJ-1810 from the Andalusia Government (Spain) and PR2016-018 (Research Projects University of Cadiz).
The authors appear in alphabetical order and have contributed equitably to this work.
Department of Business Management, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
Jesús de Frutos-Belizón, Fernando Martín-Alcázar & Gonzalo Sánchez-Gardey
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Researcher | Affiliation | Research topics in Elsevier’s Scopus database (sampling criteria I) | Publication records (sampling criteria IV) | Top collaborating international institutions (sampling criteria III) | Projects and/or experience with practitioner community |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antonio G. Leal | Department of Management and Marketing (University of Sevilla) | Open innovation; Innovation; Organizational ambidexterity; Bullying; Workplace; Horizontal violence; Organizational learning; Intellectual capital; Disclosure | 36 publications 989 citations - : 16 | NOVA University Lisbon (Portugal), University of Twente (Netherlands), Lancaster University (UK), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (Portugal), Universidad de Los Lagos (Chile) | Contracts and Grants with multiples companies and entities as |
Brian Harney | DCU Business School (Dublin City University) | Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Small and medium-sized enterprises; Job insecurity; Employment; Perceived employability | 18 publications 225 citations - : 6 | Universiti Tun Abdul Razak (Malaysia); University of Manchester (UK); University of Otago (New Zeland); Carnegie Mellon University (US); University of Ljubljana (Slovenia); University of Warsaw (Poland); Northumbria University (UK) | Deputy Director (SMEs) of the (Ireland) (2010-2015) Experience in strategy and HR consulting and is a member of the executive education team at DCU (Dublin City University) where he has delivered onto programmes for clients such as and the |
Chris Brewster | International Business and Strategy Department (University of Reading) | Expatriates; Cultural intelligence; International assignment; Institutions; Capitalism; Human resource management; High performance work systems | 191 publications 5209 citations - : 39 | Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration (Austria); Griffith University Queensland (Australia); Nelson Mandela University (South Africa); University of Vaasa (Finland); University of Pecs (Hungary) | Mostly academic research profile |
David Collings | DCU Business School (Dublin City University) | Talent management; Talent; Expatriates; Cultural intelligence; International assignment; Subsidiaries; Multinational corporations; Multinational enterprises; Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices | 89 publications 2816 citations - : 25 | University of Sheffield (UK); University of Warwick (UK); Queen’s University Belfast (UK); Reykjavík University (Iceland); Bahcesehir University (Turkey); California Lutheran University (US) | He has consulted with a number of leading global organisations in talent management and global staffing. His speaking and consulting engagements include the or Named by (magazine targets HR practitioners) as one of the Most Influential International Thinkers in the field of HRM five times (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018) |
David Guest | Department of Organizational Psychology (King’s College London) | Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Psychological contract; Contracts; Psychological contracts; Career; Boundaryless career; Employment; Perceived employability | 100 publications 7500 citations - : 40 | KU Leuven (Belgium); Mälardalen University (Sweden); Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (Switzerland); University of Coimbra (Portugal); Tilburg University (Netherland) | Experience as behavioural science adviser to (UK) Contracts of special relevance with companies, entities and/or administrations as (RPS), (UK government), (CIPD) (professional association for human resource management professionals), (Joint undertaking by the three Swedish confederations of employees (trade unions)—LO, TCO, SACO—and the National Institute for Working Life) Managing Director of the (UK) Member of the Board of the (UK) Voted by managers as one of the leading “HR Thinkers” of the past decade (2015 and 2018 Results) ( ) |
Jaap Paauwe | Department of Human Resource Studies (Tilburg University) | Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Expatriates; Cultural intelligence; International assignment; Talent management; Shared services | 74 publications 3317 citations - : 29 | Pennsylvania State University (US); University of Cambridge (UK); Ohio State University (US); Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration (Austria); University of South Carolina (US) | Professional experience in Group Technical Installation (GTI)/SHV Holdings. Project, assigned by the , in order to achieve HR functional excellence. Numerous contacts with the business community, giving inputs to strategy meetings, management team meetings and one on one conversations with CHRO’s about the strategic challenges they are facing Founder of the People (PMC) (Human Resource Studies institute for partnerships between industry and academia.) Member of the jury of the for selecting companies/organizations with the best HRM policies and practices |
John Hollenbeck | Management Department (Michigan State University) | Teams; Virtual teams; Team cognition; Negotiation; Conflict; Negotiation outcomes; Diversity; Teams; Diverse teams | 96 publications 7406 Citations - : 42 | University of Amsterdam (Netherlands); University of Groningen (Netherlands); China–Europe International Business School (China) | Contracts and Grants with multiples companies and entities ( Director of the + |
Jordi Trullén | Department of People Management and Organisation (Ramón Lluch University) | Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Mergers and acquisitions; Integration; Post-merger integration; Employers; Recruitment; Employer Brand | 20 publications 189 citations - : 9 | University of Twente (Netherlands); Universidade Federal do Paraná (Brazil); Florida International University (US); NOVA University Lisbon (Portugal) | Mostly academic research profile |
José Luis Galán | Department of Management and Marketing (University of Sevilla) | Open innovation; Innovation; Organizational ambidexterity; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Self-focused attention; Corporate social responsibility; Total quality management | 34 publications 912 citations - : 11 | University of Minnesota (US); Universidad Santiago de Cali (Colombia); Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (US) | Membership of the Board of Directors of companies with relevance as for example (2009-2013), (2003-2010), o Projects and studies to companies through university contracts with entities such as (Cátedra Santander), (Andalucía Government), o (Andalucía Government) |
Mireia Valverde | Business Management Department (Rovira i Virgili University) | Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Call center; Aesthetic labour; Sales; Waiting time; Brands; Consumption practices | 42 publications 473 citations - : 13 | Cornell University (US); University of Twente (Netherlands); University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany); University of Limerick (Ireland) | Mostly academic research profile |
Neal Schmitt | Department of Psychology (Michigan State University) | Judgment; Personality; Aptitude; Personnel training; Abusive supervision; Behavior; Workplace deviance; Test; Psychometrics; Differential ítem | 189 publications 11015 citations - : 49 | Singapore Management University (Singapore); Indian School of Business (India); University of South Australia (Australia) | President of SIOP ( ) (1989–1990) Experience as editor of (Scientific journal focused on the publication of data or theoretical synthesis that advances understanding of psychological phenomena and human behavior that have practical implications) Senior Vice President of Research and Development in consultant |
Paul Sparrow | Department of Management Science (Lancaster University) | Talent management; Talent; Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Work; Family Conflict; Work-family enrichment; Expatriates; Cultural intelligence; International assignment | 125 publications 2868 citations - : 28 | National University of Ireland (Ireland); University Institute of Lisbon (Portugal); Radboud University Nijmegen (Netherland); Pace University (US) | Practitioner experience as consultant ( ) Director of (2006–2016) Voted by managers as one of the leading “HR Thinkers” of the past decade (2016 and 2018 Results) ( ) |
Ramón Valle | Department of Management and Marketing (Pablo de Olavide University) | Industry; Personnel; Job dissatisfaction; Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Corporate governance; Boards; Corporate boards | 47 publications 926 citations - : 18 | Jönköping University (Sweden); Syracuse University (US); Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Netherlands) | Mostly academic research profile |
Shimon L. Dolan | Department of People Management and Organisation (Ramón Lluch University) | Work engagement; Expatriates; Cultural intelligence; International assignment; Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices; Violence; Workplace; Patient aggression | 34 publications 526 citations - : 12 | University of Haifa (Israel); Universidad del Pacífico (Peru); Universidad de la República (Uruguay); Universidad ESAN (Peru); York University Toronto (Canada); University of Minnesota (US) | President and CEO of the consulting Multiple Consulting projects completed with companies such as: Certification-coaching of executives in collaboration with the ICF (International Coaching Federation). President and founder of **** Author of multiple practitioner-oriented and informative publications ( , , , , |
Susan Jackson | Department of Human Resource Management (Rutgers University) | Diversity; Teams; Diverse teams; Industry; Environmental management systems; Environmental practices; Human resource management; High performance work systems; Resource practices | 104 publications 14090 citations - : 36 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China); Cardiff University (UK); University of Manchester (UK) | Mostly academic research profile |
According to your research experience, do you consider that research is individual or collective? What individuals or agents do you collaborate with in the development of your research projects?
Could you say that you have a stable research group? Do you have stable relationships with agents outside the group?
Could you briefly describe how work is normally organized in the research projects in which you participate?
Do you engage with professional partners in the development of research? How was this experience? What difficulties and benefits did you find in these collaborations?
Normally, what motivates your choice of research topics?
Could you specify the different steps of the research processes conducted in your group?
Which of them do you think are more important?
Do you think your research is relevant to the professional community?
Have you ever carried out a research project collaboratively with the professional community?
Do you consider that research in our field must be produced only for academics? Is it considered possible or viable to produce research jointly with the professional community?
How much time would you say that the whole process takes, from the time you have a stimulus to research until the time an output is generated?
What specific steps of the process do you feel are more time-consuming?
Do you usually change your research ideas and initial impressions after contrasting them with the rest of the members of your research team? Do you also do this with non-academic agents?
Does your research group have formal procedures (such as regular meetings) established? Do they incorporate external agents?
Could you say that the group has established routines to develop research activities?
Does your research team have a strong shared culture?
What do you think are the skills, knowledge or experience necessary to carry out a successful academic career? How would you describe a successful researcher in terms of knowledge, skills and experience?
How are these skills distributed in your group? Are there members specialized in some specific activities or phases of the research process?
How would you describe internal relationships within your research team?
Have you ever had communication problems between the members of the unit? How would you describe your communication with external and/or professional agents?
How is your research normally funded?
Do you receive funding from non-academic institutions, such as firms or professional foundations?
How do you think that the prevalent academic culture affects the development of your research?
Could you describe the process through which your research results are disseminated?
What are the criteria used to select the specific means through which research results are disseminated? To what extent do you make use of non-academic or professional channels?
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de Frutos-Belizón, J., Martín-Alcázar, F. & Sánchez-Gardey, G. The research–practice gap in the field of HRM: a qualitative study from the academic side of the gap. Rev Manag Sci 15 , 1465–1515 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-020-00397-x
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Received : 27 June 2017
Accepted : 01 June 2020
Published : 15 June 2020
Issue Date : August 2021
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-020-00397-x
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Certificate graduate ana kutle incorporates psychology background in hr, hospitality.
“Psychologists and human resources professionals each strive toward building organizational culture and fostering workplaces that are appealing to both existing employees and outside talent,” according to a 2023 article on Indeed.com . “Industrial-organizational psychology is a subfield of psychology in which professionals study human behavior in the workplace. Researchers in this field focus their efforts on understanding the principles of behavior on an individual and group scale, so practitioners can apply this knowledge in the workplace and identify solutions to organizational challenges.”
Ana Kutle found a way to combine these career interests—work organization and improving team dynamics and human resources (HR) in general—in her growing career in the global hospitality industry. As the director of operations at The Jay Hotel’s Autograph Collection, she leverages the strengths and virtues of individuals and teams to help them and the organization thrive together.
A Croatia native, Ana says, “I had always wanted to work in the United States, so when I had the chance to spend some time in San Francisco, I enthusiastically applied for hotel positions. I secured a role as a front desk manager at a charming, classic hotel on Union Square, the Villa Florence [Editor’s Note: The hotel has since been converted to The Barnes], where I began to learn about the work culture and labor laws in the U.S.”
Ana began gaining the basic knowledge needed for her HR career path. And with the help of our Certificate Program in Human Resource Management , she would advance in her various hospitality roles .
In 2017, Ana earned a Cornell Certificate in Hospitality Management , which provided her with tools and knowledge not only in front desk and housekeeping operations, but also in sales, revenue management and the strategic aspects of the hotel industry. She says that certificate also highlighted the importance of effectively managing human resources.
Ana looks back on her time working with Proper Hospitality as being an incredibly formative experience, where she held positions from sales and revenue coordinator to housekeeping manager, to director of housekeeping. “Through the experience with Proper, I managed various human resources tasks, including training and development, onboarding and hiring,” she recalls.
It was at this point in her career that Ana decided to shift focus to people management aspect and to complete our Certificate Program in Human Resource Management .
“I started to think about pivoting my career toward human resources and believed that this program would be a valuable tool in achieving that goal,” Ana tells me. “ UC Berkeley is a prestigious institution , and I was impressed by the high quality of the program. The courses were well-designed and applicable to real-world situations.”
Ana soon found that holding our HR certificate and one in hospitality were crucial to advancing to an executive position in the hotel industry and growing into more senior roles, such as the director of rooms. Her tasks in this management role included:
driving the Forbes luxury hospitality trainings for Proper’s front desk, concierge, valet, bell, security and housekeeping staff
being part of a task force for new hotel openings
serving as safety committee chair, implementing safety initiatives that resulted in a lower number of accidents on property.
“The certificates provided me with essential industry knowledge and skills that contributed to my career development,” she concurs.
For a brief time, she left the hospitality industry to apply her skills as director of operations, or chief of staff, for a ultra-high-net-worth (UHNWF) family’s private estate. As chief of staff, Ana was responsible for two properties: leading all projects and managing day-to-day property operations, event planning, travel management and coordinating construction projects, from small renovations to new construction. During this time, she was also responsible for overseeing the recruitment, payroll and benefits processing for this family office.
By the time Ana returned to the hotel industry, she had honed her people management skills for interviewing others, had created job ads on different recruiting platforms, conducted comparative salary research and learned to use Zenefits as benefits administration platform.
HR Management Courses for a Pivot
Essentials of Human Resources Employee Recruitment, Selection and Placement Talent Management and Workforce Development Human Resource Systems and Technology Employment Law Total Rewards Employee Relations
Reflecting on her career path, one course—and an instructor—in particular made a lasting impact on her career growth: Human Resource Systems and Technology .
“Human Resource Systems and Technology instructor Terri Lynn Cardona was exceptionally knowledgeable,” Ana commends. “She brought in real-life examples, we had great group assignments and she hosted engaging speakers. I gained insights into how human resources processes are deeply rooted in technology and systems. This knowledge enabled me to enhance the efficiencies of the systems within my organization.”
These enhancements involved the creation of more structured onboarding guides, improvements in the performance management systems and staying current with labor laws, which have all proven to be highly beneficial to Ana’s career growth. The certificate program also helped her tap back into her psychology background as she already understood the principles of human behavior and is able to apply her knowledge in different ways in the workplace.
In April 2023, she joined The Jay in San Francisco as their director of operations.
Building on her experience as a chief of staff for the private estate, Ana adds, “The human resource management certificate allowed me to have a comprehensive understanding of HR systems and technology. This was helpful when I learned to use the Marriott recruitment and training systems.
“The knowledge I accumulated during the program inspired me to create more structured onboarding guides for new colleagues and a library of standard-procedure protocols that are currently in use.”
“The reason I want to pivot to HR is simply that I love it and believe I do a good job managing human resources,” Ana tells me about her dedication to this path. “I perfected the implementation of Forbes luxury hotel trainings, and I love developing people and supporting them as they grow in their careers.”
By working on the HR training tools, Ana has helped her colleagues also succeed in the workplace. Her current goals include becoming a human resources director for a hospitality group.
“I chose to pursue something that genuinely interests me,” she reflects. “As a result, I realized that the areas of training and development are very dear to me and give me personal fulfillment. Promoting colleagues internally and supporting their careers is incredibly rewarding.”
Deepen your skills, human resource management, related posts.
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Meditation has a history that goes back thousands of years, and many meditative techniques began in Eastern traditions. The term “meditation” refers to a variety of practices that focus on mind and body integration and are used to calm the mind and enhance overall well-being. Some types of meditation involve maintaining mental focus on a particular sensation, such as breathing, a sound, a visual image, or a mantra, which is a repeated word or phrase. Other forms of meditation include the practice of mindfulness, which involves maintaining attention or awareness on the present moment without making judgments.
Programs that teach meditation or mindfulness may combine the practices with other activities. For example, mindfulness-based stress reduction is a program that teaches mindful meditation, but it also includes discussion sessions and other strategies to help people apply what they have learned to stressful experiences. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy integrates mindfulness practices with aspects of cognitive behavioral therapy.
Meditation and mindfulness practices usually are considered to have few risks. However, few studies have examined these practices for potentially harmful effects, so it isn’t possible to make definite statements about safety.
A 2020 review examined 83 studies (a total of 6,703 participants) and found that 55 of those studies reported negative experiences related to meditation practices. The researchers concluded that about 8 percent of participants had a negative effect from practicing meditation, which is similar to the percentage reported for psychological therapies. The most commonly reported negative effects were anxiety and depression. In an analysis limited to 3 studies (521 participants) of mindfulness-based stress reduction programs, investigators found that the mindfulness practices were not more harmful than receiving no treatment.
According to the National Health Interview Survey, an annual nationally representative survey, the percentage of U.S. adults who practiced meditation more than doubled between 2002 and 2022, from 7.5 to 17.3 percent. Of seven complementary health approaches for which data were collected in the 2022 survey, meditation was the most popular, beating out yoga (used by 15.8 percent of adults), chiropractic care (11.0 percent), massage therapy (10.9 percent), guided imagery/progressive muscle relaxation (6.4 percent), acupuncture (2.2 percent), and naturopathy (1.3 percent).
For children aged 4 to 17 years, data are available for 2017; in that year, 5.4 percent of U.S. children used meditation.
In a 2012 U.S. survey, 1.9 percent of 34,525 adults reported that they had practiced mindfulness meditation in the past 12 months. Among those responders who practiced mindfulness meditation exclusively, 73 percent reported that they meditated for their general wellness and to prevent diseases, and most of them (approximately 92 percent) reported that they meditated to relax or reduce stress. In more than half of the responses, a desire for better sleep was a reason for practicing mindfulness meditation.
Meditation and mindfulness practices may have a variety of health benefits and may help people improve the quality of their lives. Recent studies have investigated if meditation or mindfulness helps people manage anxiety, stress, depression, pain, or symptoms related to withdrawal from nicotine, alcohol, or opioids.
Other studies have looked at the effects of meditation or mindfulness on weight control or sleep quality.
However, much of the research on these topics has been preliminary or not scientifically rigorous. Because the studies examined many different types of meditation and mindfulness practices, and the effects of those practices are hard to measure, results from the studies have been difficult to analyze and may have been interpreted too optimistically.
Few high-quality studies have examined the effects of meditation and mindfulness on blood pressure. According to a 2017 statement from the American Heart Association, the practice of meditation may have a possible benefit, but its specific effects on blood pressure have not been determined.
Studies examining the effects of mindfulness or meditation on acute and chronic pain have produced mixed results.
Mindfulness meditation practices may help reduce insomnia and improve sleep quality.
Several clinical trials have investigated if mindfulness-based approaches such as mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) might help people recover from substance use disorders. These approaches have been used to help people increase their awareness of the thoughts and feelings that trigger cravings and learn ways to reduce their automatic reactions to those cravings.
Studies have suggested that meditation and mindfulness may help reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Mindfulness-based approaches may improve the mental health of people with cancer.
Studies have suggested possible benefits of meditation and mindfulness programs for losing weight and managing eating behaviors.
Several studies have been done on using meditation and mindfulness practices to improve symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the studies have not been of high quality and the results have been mixed, so evidence that meditation or mindfulness approaches will help people manage symptoms of ADHD is not conclusive.
Some research suggests that meditation and mindfulness practices may affect the functioning or structure of the brain. Studies have used various methods of measuring brain activity to look for measurable differences in the brains of people engaged in mindfulness-based practices. Other studies have theorized that training in meditation and mindfulness practices can change brain activity. However, the results of these studies are difficult to interpret, and the practical implications are not clear.
NCCIH supports a variety of meditation and mindfulness studies, including:
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In recent studies, researchers agree that there is a substantial gap between research and practice in the field of human resource management (HRM). The literature exploring the causes and consequences of this gap does not represent a finely structured discourse; it has focused on analysing the gap from the practitioner side, and it is based on opinions and theoretical discussions rather than ...
Human resource management is organizing, coordinating, and managing an organization's current employees to carry out an organization's mission, vision, and goals. This includes recruiting, hiring, training, compensating, retaining, and motivating employees. HRM staff also develops and enforces policies and procedures that help ensure employee ...
"Psychologists and human resources professionals each strive toward building organizational culture and fostering workplaces that are appealing to both existing employees and outside talent," according to a 2023 article on Indeed.com.. "Industrial-organizational psychology is a subfield of psychology in which professionals study human behavior in the workplace.
Strategic human resource management (SHRM) research increasingly focuses on the per - formance effects of human resource (HR) systems rather than individual HR practices (Combs, Liu, Hall, & Ketchen, 2006). Researchers tend to agree that the focus should be on
In this fourth annual review issue published by The International Journal of Human Resource Management (IJHRM), we are delighted to present five articles that cover some of the important areas in people management in contemporary work settings. Our review articles cover topics that are less well-researched, compared with some popular themes, as ...
During the past 10 years, the field of human capital resources (HCR), often referred to as strategic human capital (SHC), has gained interest in both micro and macro disciplines. This increase in attention from a diverse set of researchers has shifted the focus of the field to topics such as identifying different types of HCR, HCR emergence, and links between collective HCR and higher level ...
1 INTRODUCTION. In this editorial, we look back at the 30 years of Human Resource Management Journal (HRMJ) publishing quality research focused on the management of people at work.In so doing, we chart the development of the journal from its early origins to now being viewed as a leading international journal of choice as evidenced by its top tier position in several national journal rankings ...
Introduction to Human Resource Management: This foundational course lays the groundwork, covering essential HR functions such as recruitment, selection, and employee relations. Graduates often recall how this course sparked their passion for HR, providing them with a solid understanding of the field's core principles.
International human resource management (IHRM) has grown substantially as a field of study and has become more multifaceted in the way conceptual and empirical contributions are designed (see, for example, Cooke et al., 2019; Pudelko et al., 2015; Stahl et al., 2012; for another Special Issue dedicated to this topic in the GHRM (German Journal of Human Resource Management), see Festing et al ...
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), one of the largest institutes in the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and part of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), conducts and supports basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and ultimately prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.
Abstract. This article reviews the body of empirical work on human resource management in times of crisis, including that which was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and that which has been published since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In a 2012 U.S. survey, 1.9 percent of 34,525 adults reported that they had practiced mindfulness meditation in the past 12 months. Among those responders who practiced mindfulness meditation exclusively, 73 percent reported that they meditated for their general wellness and to prevent diseases, and most of them (approximately 92 percent) reported that they meditated to relax or reduce stress.